Photovoltaic effect on fast mixed conductor LiAl.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
K Iwamura
Publications and source records attributed to K Iwamura.
Capsular formation surrounding hepatocellular carcinoma.
In Japan, it is well known that most cases of hepatocellular carcinoma occur in the cirrhotic liver and this fact is regarded as a pathologic characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma. Capsule formation surrounding the tumor is also a characteristic of hepatocellular carcinoma and it may be related to the developmental mode of hepatocellular carcinoma, to the clinical manifestation of symptoms and to the prognosis of the disease. The formation of the capsule can often be detected by means of modern imaging diagnostic procedures as well as sonography-guided or laparoscopy-guided needle biopsy of the liver. This paper reports the results of an investigation on the incidence of capsular formation surrounding hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinicopathological consideration in hepatocellular carcinoma in its early stage occurring in liver cirrhosis.
Aged↗
Clinical and pathophysiological aspects of chronic active hepatitis.
In HBsAg carriers, the HBeAg has been regarded as an effectively infectious and progressive factor to B viral hepatitis. On the basis of the author's actual observations, it is clear that the clinical and pathological significance of HBeAg must be carefully reviewed. In the process, the problems to be focused upon are: 1) natural history of HBeAg and anti-HBe, 2) the clinical course before and after seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe, and 3) the correlation between prognosis of B viral hepatitis and persistence of HBe-Ag and anti-HBe. On the basis of the author's observations, the author wishes to stress that to date we have only been able to observe an aspect of natural history of HBeAg and anti-HBe, and that the clinical and pathophysiological significance of HBeAg and anti-HBe remain still unexplained.
Adolescent↗
Anti-O-phosphotyrosine antibodies in human sera.
Antibodies reactive with O-phosphotyrosine (PTYR) were detected in 60 out of 621 inpatients, with high frequencies in hematologic and lung malignancies, hepatic diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Affinity-purified antibodies proved capable of recognizing PTYR-containing proteins in a human carcinoma cell line, A431, both by immunofluorescent staining and by immunoaffinity chromatography, but had no detectable affinity for phosphorylated serine or threonine, or for the nucleotides tested. In these respects, the antibodies observed in human sera were indistinguishable from anti-PTYR antibodies raised experimentally in rabbits or mice.
Adolescent↗
Monitoring of haloperidol serum levels and it's clinical significance.
Haloperidol serum levels were determined by the recently developed radioimmunoassay technique to elucidate the relationship between serum levels and clinical effects and that between serum levels and adverse effects. The serum levels of haloperidol in divided daily doses schedule reached to the steady state more rapidly (within 7 days) than in single dose schedule. The single daily dose schedule showed significantly wider diurnal variation than the divided daily doses schedule. No remarkable differences in serum concentration was noted between different types of oral haloperidol preparation (liquid, granule, tablet). No definite relationship was established between the serum concentration of haloperidol and incidence of tardive dyskinesia. No definite positive relationship between clinical effects and serum concentration of haloperidol could obtained.
Administration, Oral↗
The relationship between haloperidol blood levels and clinical responses.
Haloperidol blood levels in patients were determined to elucidate the relationship between blood levels and clinical effects. Determinations of haloperidol serum were performed by radioimmunoassay and the clinical status was estimated using BPRS. The relationship between haloperidol serum levels and BPRS total score was studied in 20 chronic schizophrenics currently receiving haloperidol treatment. The results did not show positive relationship between these two. Another 11 schizophrenic patients were treated with daily doses of average 6 mg of haloperidol. The patients were classified into improved and unchanged group according to the changes of BPRS total score. All 7 cases classified into the improved group had short duration of the illness less than one year. In this group, the levels were lower initially but gradually rised in paralled with the increase of extent of recovery on BPRS. Furthermore, improvement of psychopathology by means of decrease of BPRS total score was still found after haloperidol serum levels reached a plateau. The results did not support the view that high blood concentration of haloperidol might contribute to the clinical effects, but still suggested utility of measuring blood levels in acute or subacute patients being treated with haloperidol medications.
Adult↗
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a double-blind crossover trial of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
A double-blind crossover trial was conducted of thyrotropin releasing hormone treatment in six patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Patients received 4 mg of thyrotropin releasing hormone intramuscularly daily during the two-week treatment period. Although three patients reported subjective improvement, objective evaluation failed to demonstrate therapeutic effectiveness of thyrotropin releasing hormone in this dosage.
Adult↗
Neuraminidase activity in human peripheral lymphocytes: its increase in chronic active liver disease.
The activity of neuraminidase (sialidase) in peripheral white blood cells was measured by a fluorometric method using 4-MU NANA as a substrate. The activity in mononuclear cells, which was predominantly lymphocytes, was 2.5 times higher than that in polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils). The former's activity was directly proportional to the number of the cells, but that of the latter was found to be suppressed by an increasing number of cells. Thus, the increased number of PMN contaminated in MNC fraction somewhat obscured neuraminidase activity affecting suppressively . The enzyme activity in MNC of 25 control subjects (15 males and 10 females) was 254 +/- 73 pmoles per hour per 10(6) cells and there was no difference between the values in males and females (233 +/- 59 vs. 284 +/- 81). The activity in 20 patients with chronic active liver disease was significantly higher than that in controls (551 +/- 135, p less than 0.01). The amount of sialic acid in MNC, which was 1.4 times more than that in PMN, revealed a tendency for a positive correlation between neuraminidase activity. A new finding of the increase of lymphocyte neuraminidase activity was introduced and its pathological significance particularly in liver disease was discussed.
Chronic Disease↗
A case of hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in a cirrhotic liver--laparoscopically confirmed transition from a cirrhotic nodule to a hepatocellular carcinoma at an interval of 10 months.
Laparoscopy is a very reliable diagnostic procedure for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in the cirrhotic liver. In this paper, the clinical course of a patient, in whom the transition from a cirrhotic nodule to a hepatocellular carcinoma could be detected laparoscopically and bioptically by means of repeated laparoscopic and simultaneous bioptic examinations in an interval of 10 months, is described. Laparoscopy makes it possible to detect a premalignant nodule in the nodular liver.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Laparoscopically disclosed findings of insidious portal hypertension in a hepatitis B surface antigen carrier.
In a 37 year-old male, a chronic asymptomatic carrier, laparoscopic examination disclosed a thickening capsule of the liver with a whitish gray hue and congestive branches of the portal vein scattered on the thickened hepatic capsule. The congestive branches of the portal vein stood out in bold relief against the whitish gray hue and they were suggestive of portal hypertension. The subserosal vein of the gallbladder was also congested and the spleen was enlarged. These findings were related to insidious portal hypertension, though no manifestations of portal hypertension could be detected clinically. Moreover, no early history of liver disease or very few abnormal laboratory findings could be found in this case. The histology of the biopsied liver showed markedly proliferated fibrous tissue, especially in the portal areas, as well as somewhat thick septal formation. To date, many laparoscopic findings of portal hypertension were given, but this is the first report of laparoscopically detected findings in which congested branches of the portal vein were scattered and stood out in bold relief against the thickened hepatic capsule.
Adult↗
Japanese adult siblings with Tangier disease and statistical analysis of reported cases.
A 28 year old Japanese female was admitted to our university hospital because of extremely low plasma cholesterol levels (50mg/dl). On physical examination, tonsillar remnants and several flat patches of yellow-orange lymphoid tissues in the pharynx were found. Her plasma HDL was as low as 2.4 mg/dl. Laparoscopic findings showed typical yellow patches on the surface of the liver, and liver biospy specimens contained cholesterol esters demonstrated by the Schultz reaction. Colonofiberscopy showed orange-brown spots present throughout the rectum. Histologically, "foam cells" were recognized in the lymphoid tissue of the pharynx and rectal mucosa. Her sister, 26 years old, also revealed yellow-orange tonsils, low plasma cholesterol levels (39mg/dl) and low plasma HDL levels (8mg/dl), and was also diagnosed as Tangier disease. From a statistical analysis of the reported cases, it is noteworthy that yellow-orange tonsils, which were said to be the hallmark of Tangier disease, were not found in 20% of the patients. However, it is important that we could find rectal mucosa studded with orange-brown spots in all of the cases examined, and it contained "foam cells" histologically. It was concluded that when we suspect Tangier disease on account of hypocholesterolemia, we must first do a proctoscopic examination.
Adult↗
Changes of plasma bile acid levels and their clinical significance in drug-induced liver injury.
Previously, the author described bile acid levels in plasma of patients with liver diseases and their clinical significance (8). This paper gives characteristics of changes in bile acid levels and composition in blood plasma of patients with drug-induced liver injury compared with those of other liver diseases and healthy controls. Based on the results, it can be said that bile acid levels in plasma can be utilized as a diagnostic procedure in drug-induced liver injury and the author also wants to stress that we must direct our attention to the appearance of lithocholic acid in plasma of patients with drug-induced liver injury because the appearance of lithocholic acid in plasma was one of the outstanding findings in this study.
Alanine Transaminase↗
Changes in plasma bile acid levels following challenge test for drug suspected to cause liver injury and their clinical significance in drug-induced liver injury.
In this paper, changes in total bile acid levels in comparison with serial results of conventional blood biochemical analyses in the clinical course after a challenge test for a drug suspected of causing liver injury in five patients with drug-induced liver injury were described and the clinical significance was discussed. On the basis of this investigation, it can be concluded that the estimation of bile acid levels in plasma in the clinical course after the challenge test increases the diagnostic and discriminatory capacities of liver function tests in drug-induced liver injury, i.e., total and basic bile acid levels in plasma promptly reflect altered hepatic cell function after the challenge test.
Adult↗
Light microscopic and electron microscopic study on morphologic features resulting in the delay of ICG elimination in diabetic and non-diabetic fatty liver.
Disturbances of intravenously administered indocyanin green (ICG) elimination are related to the effective circulating blood volume and the amount of binding protein for transportation in blood plasma through the liver because of the narrowed sinusoidal space due to the enlarged liver cells with fullness of confluent fat droplets in the cytoplasma. However, morphologic changes of the liver resulting in disturbances of ICG elimination could not be actually clarified until the present. Therefore, morphologic changes of the liver resulting in delayed ICG elimination in fatty liver, occurring in diabetes mellitus were investigated in contrast with those in fatty liver in non-diabetic, non-alcoholic diseases of the liver. An electron microscopic study of the liver with delayed ICG elimination revealed thickening and amorphous growth of the sinusoidal wall with obscure pores followed by membraneous formation, narrowness of Disse's space, rarefaction of sinusoidal microvilli and proliferation of collagen fibers, in fatty livers derived from both diabetes mellitus and other diseases. The term "intrasinusoidal block" in fatty liver should be utilized on the basis of these electron microscopic features of the liver.
Adult↗
A case of focal fatty change of the liver--a rare clinical entity.
Fatty change of the liver is generally found as a diffuse process involving the entire organ, although it may be accentuated in the central or peripheral portions of the hepatic lobules. We have encountered a case of focal fatty change of the liver which we disclosed incidentally in laparoscopic and bioptic examinations. Focal fatty change of the liver is a rare clinical entity at present which is generally encountered incidentally at postmortem autopsy. Therefore, the clinical course of the patient was described in this paper and the clinical and pathogenetic significance was also discussed.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Effect of long-term administration of paromomycin sulfate on the level of serum albumin and gamma-globulin in human cirrhosis.
The efficacy of administration of oral paromomycin sulfate on serum albumin and gamma-globulin levels was studied in cirrhotic patients. After an observation period of 3 months, paromomycin sulfate at 2.0 g per day or a placebo was administered for 6 months, and changes in serum albumin and in gamma-globulin levels were examined every three months. Out of 16 cirrhotic patients treated with paromomycin, 11 (68.8%) showed significant increases in serum albumin compared with one out of 16 in the placebo group. Concerning gamma-globulin, seven (43.8%) patients in the paromomycin group showed significant decreases compared with one in the placebo group. In addition, among the 11 cirrhotics whose endotoxemia decreased after paromomycin administration, eight (72.7%) showed significant increases in albumin level. It was suggested that paromomycin improves the serum albumin and gamma-globulin levels in cirrhosis through the alleviation of endotoxemia caused by intestinal bacteria.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗