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Biomedical subjects

K Ishihara

Publications and source records attributed to K Ishihara.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[The results of investigation by the Japanese version of Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire].

Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) developed by Horne & Ostberg (1976) was translated into Japanese, and then, MEQ and Life Habits Inventory were administered to approximately 1,500 university students. The distribution of MEQ scores was essentially normal, and the reliability of this questionnaire was high (r alpha = .702). Comparing among the morning, evening, and intermediate types, it was found that the morning type retired and arose significantly earlier than other types, although there was no significant differences in sleep length. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the morning and evening types in sleep latency, mood on arising, adequate amount of sleep, frequency and duration of nap, and number of staying awake all night per month. These results suggested that the evening type had more irregular sleep-waking habits than the morning type. Since the above results were obtained only from student population, further investigation on various populations is requested.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Therapeutic response of interferon-beta in malignant melanoma].

Therapeutic responses to systemic administration of interferon-beta (IFN-beta) were studied in 13 patients with malignant melanoma. Of 4 patients with stage IV malignant melanoma receiving systemic IFN-beta therapy alone, none showed any effective result (1MR, 3NC). Treatment with IFN-beta combined with chemotherapy, e.g. DTIC, produced a clinical improvement in 2 of 5 patients with malignant melanoma (1CR, 1PR, 2NC and 1PD). IFN-beta therapy has been performed by intravenous drip infusion concomitantly with chemotherapy before or after surgery, for prevention of metastasis in 4 cases of malignant melanoma (stage Ib, 1 case; stage II, 2 cases; stage III, 1 case). Three patients with stage Ib to II have been progressing favorably without metastasis over the past 3 years and 2 months. Patients receiving indomethacin suppositories for fever associated with IFN-beta therapy were examined for plasma and urinary IFN-beta activity levels. No significant difference was observed whether indomethacin was administered or not. Indomethacin is therefore considered to have no appreciable influence on IFN-beta therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Peplomycin therapy for skin cancer in Japan.

Peplomycin was given in a dose of 5 mg daily, divided into two equal parts for intramuscular administration each morning and evening. This schedule not only augments the antitumour effect but also reduces adverse reactions to the drug. Peplomycin-mitomycin C (P-M) therapy improves the response rates in T3 and T4 cases of skin cancer, and is also effective in some N1, N3 and M1 cases. Continuous intra-arterial infusion of peplomycin, though requiring somewhat complicated procedures, is very effective against squamous cell carcinoma of the head, neck and extremities. Multidisciplinary therapy incorporating peplomycin has given a considerably higher five-year survival rate than that found in historical controls.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[Study on utero-placental circulation by pulsed-Doppler technique--blood flowmetric study in placental pores].

The flow velocity waveform (FVW) was obtained by means of the pulsed-Doppler technique from the placental pores visualized as anechoic areas on the ultrasonic tomogram in 36 cases of singletons and 7 cases of multiple pregnancies. Utilised parameters for analysis of the sonogram were resistance index and systolic to diastolic ratio of flow velocity (S/D ratio) which were independent of the angle between the ultrasonic beam and the direction of blood flow. Diagnostic apparatus were composed of real-time sector scanner and Doppler unit with FFT analyser by which sampling points were selectable within 15 cm of depth. The FVW from the placental pores was recorded as the toward flow in the case of posteriorly attached placentas and was similar to the one from the arcuate arteries which has poor pulsatility and high diastolic flow in the normal pregnancies. There was a tendency for the increase in the gestosis index (GI) to be related to that of RI. Multiple pregnancies revealed lower RI than singletons in the same GI group. There was reverse correlation between mean birth weight and mean RI in the cases who received pulsed-Doppler examination within 2 weeks prior to delivery. The RI and S/D ratio showed a high correlation in the each cases (r = 0.99).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Internal malignancies and skin lesions].

In the early stage of internal malignancies, it is important to detect the relation between the malignancy and accompanying skin lesions. Skin lesions are commonly classified according to their origin as follows; skin lesions induced by internal malignancies, skin lesions as a part of a syndrome, nonspecific lesions and complications of internal malignancies, but with an unknown relationship so-called Bowen's disease, and Paget's disease. These skin lesions consist of various kinds and are multiple. Commonly, the disease which is detected seems to be an immunological reaction to internal malignancy; malignant acathosis nigricans, and dermatomyositis are examples in point. A description of internal malignancies and skin lesions is presented, including those which are most commonly encountered together with a description of such cases experienced at the National Cancer Center Hospital.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of malignant skin tumours with oral administration of BCG in enteric-coated capsules.

27 patients of stage Ib and 2 of malignant melanoma selected randomly were treated with the oral administration of BCG in enteric coated capsules in addition to the chemotherapy after the surgical treatment, while another 27 patients of the same stage of malignant melanoma with about the same background were treated with the same chemotherapy without BCG administration after the surgical treatment at the same period. The survival rate and the disease free time were observed in the patients of both groups with the results that the BCG group showed a significantly higher survival rate and a slightly higher disease free time than the control group. As an immunoparameter, the PPD reactions showed a higher conversion rate and increasing reaction size of the positive reactors in BCG group. Increasing the number of patients and observation period, the study will be continued in future.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Phase II study of decarbazine (DTIC) in malignant melanoma. DTIC Research Group].

A phase II study of DTIC was carried out with a response rate (CR and PR) of 24.2%. Metastases to liver, lymph nodes and subcutaneous tissues were susceptible to the drug. Most of the adverse reactions observed were upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea in 15.4%, vomiting in 5.8% and anorexia in 3.8%. Alterations in white blood cells, red blood cells or platelets exceeding Grade 2 were not observed. As for biochemistry, GOT was increased in 25.0% and GPT in 28.2%. However, these were mild and transient changes, disappearing in 3 to 4 weeks. The results seem to reproduce those of various U.S. group studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of left ventricular function before and after Fontan's operation for the correction of tricuspid atresia. Changes in left ventricular function determined by left ventricular volume change.

Functional change in the left ventricle was studied in the light of changes in the left ventricular (LV) volume preload before and after Fontan's operation. Six cases with tricuspid atresia (TA) were studied, and they had either types Ib or IIb. The preoperative LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) was 123 +/- 44 ml/m2, which corresponds to 166% +/- 45% of normal values. This suggests that in TA the preload of the LV volume is increased because of its peculiar hemodynamic situation. After Fontan's operation, the LVEDV decreased by 24.6% to 119.6 +/- 87.7 ml (P = 0.01), which corresponds to 120% +/- 50.9% of normal values. Presenting a striking contrast to the decrease in LVEDV, the postoperative reduction in LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) was approximately 8%. Preoperative and postoperative values for LVESV were 67.1 +/- 50.8 ml and 62 +/- 45.6 ml, thus, the systolic volume was decreased. Because of the small change in LVESV, the ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle significantly decreased from 0.61 +/- 0.1 preoperatively to 0.48 +/- 0.1 postoperatively. The cardiac index (CI) remained in the range of 1.9-2.5 l/min/m2 with a mean of 2.2 +/- 0.2 l/min/m2 at 1 month after operation. But, later, improvement in EF was observed in one case, in which the CI increased from 2.5 to 3.2 l/min/m2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Hexose and hexosamine concentrations in human pancreatic juice.

Hexose and hexosamine contents were measured in 117 samples of either duodenal or pancreatic juice from 49 subjects. The specimens were obtained by three methods: firstly, through a Dreiling's double lumen tube and with a pancreozymin secretin test performed simultaneously; secondly, by fiber duodenoscopy after an intravenous injection of secretin; thirdly, through a postoperative cannula without stimulation. The hexose content measured by phenol-sulfuric acid reaction correlated well with the hexosamine content measured by the Elson-Morgan method (r = 0.63, p less than 0.005). Since determination of hexose is not as complicated as that of hexosamine, the measurement of hexose content in the pancreatic juice seems to be more useful than measuring hexosamine for obtaining valuable information on pancreatic abnormalities.

Cholecystokinin↗
PubMed1985

Basic studies of cryochemotherapy in a murine tumor system.

The combined effect of cryosurgery and anticancer drugs (cryochemotherapy) was studied in an experimental B16 melanoma/BDF1 tumor system. Vascular volume and vascular permeability after cryosurgery of normal skin and the tumor were measured by using 51Cr-labeled red blood cells and 125I-labeled serum albumin. The vascular volume and vascular permeability of both the normal vessels and the tumor vessels greatly increased immediately after cryosurgery, and their vascular volume decreased to less than the normal level within a few hours. However, the tumor vessels showed less dilatation and increase in permeability than the vessels of normal tissue. There was a difference in functional characteristics in response to cryoinjury between the normal vessels and the tumor vessels. The anticancer drugs, peplomycin and adriamycin, were administered intraperitoneally in combination with cryosurgery. When peplomycin was administered 5 min, 1 hr, and 3 hr after cryosurgery, the drug concentration in the frozen tumor was higher than that in the untreated tumor. But when administered 1 hr before cryosurgery, peplomycin was not trapped in the tumor. Trapping of adriamycin was not observed after the same treatment. In cryochemotherapy, it is necessary to administer the appropriate drug at the appropriate time. However, the trapping of the anticancer drug results in a high concentration and lasts for a long time, so that cryochemotherapy is expected to be a new mode of cancer therapy, particularly as a multidisciplinary treatment for cancer.

Animals↗