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Biomedical subjects

K Irsigler

Publications and source records attributed to K Irsigler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Suppressive effect of somatostatin on secretin-CCK-PZ-stimulated endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function in man (author's transl)].

With a view toward the therapeutic use of somatostatin in the treatment of acute pancreatitis, a preliminary investigation was conducted with 6 healthy volunteers, in which the suppressive effect of somatostatin on endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function was observed. A 30-minute baseline measurement period was followed by the administration of cyclic somatostatin (100 microgram by i.v. injection plus a 90-minute infusion at a rate of 200 microgram/hr). After the first 45 minutes of this infusion secretion was submaximally stimulated by the infusion of secretin-cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) (75 U each), over two hours. No decrease was observed in basal bicarbonate or enzyme concentration under somatostatin administration alone. However, secretion did not show the usual steep rise after the commencement of stimulation. After the somatostatin infusion was stopped, i.e. under secretin-CCK-PZ alone, a significant increase occurred in the values of secretin-induced volume, bicarbonate concentration and total bicarbonate contents of the duodenal aspirate, as well as in CCK-PZ-induced enzyme secretion. The release of insulin, both basal and stimulated, was also significantly decreased by somatostatin.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Diabetes and pregnancy: treatment and results (author's transl)].

Pregnancy and delivery in 190 diabetic women are described. Obstetric, medical and neonatal guidelines for treatment are outlined and the following results are reported: 1. The delivery dates suggested by P. White were generally exceeded by 2 weeks. Group A was delivered at term, group B generally in the 38th week, group C between the 37th and 38th week and group D mostly in the 37th week of gestation. 2. Spontaneous delivery was achieved in 60% of the cases; Caesarean section was necessary in 33%, whilst the incidence of vacuum extraction was 5%. 3. The perinatal infant mortality rate in diabetic pregnancy decreased from 22.9% in 1970/71 to 2.7% in 1972/1976. 4. Perinatal mortality was related to the degree of severity of diabetes according to White's classification. 5. The percentage of PBSP cases was lowered from 32% to 24%. Perinatal mortality in the PBSP group decreased from 50% in 1970/71 to 19% in 1972/1976. 6. Hypoglycaemia occurred in 70% of 74 newborn infants submitted to intensive neonatal care. A true glucose value of less than 25 mg% was recorded in 30% of these cases. Hypocalcaemia was present in 16% cases, whilst 62% of the newborn infants suffered from respiratory distress syndrome. Cardiomegaly occurred in 28% of infants. 7. Development and prognosis are judged to be favourable in children of diabetic mothers.

Austria↗
PubMed1977

[Changes in glucose tolerance, serum insulin and blood lipids during contraceptive medication (oestrogen-gestagen) in metabolically-healthy women (author's transl)].

A low-dosage combination type of contraceptive (oestrogen-gestagen) was given to 19 metabolically- healthy women of normal weight over a period of 6 months. Glucose tolerance, serum insulin and serum lipids were measured 1 month before, during and 2 months after medication. There was a slight decrease in the basal insulin values and an opposite trend in the basal blood glucose values, not exceeding 10 mg% in comparison to pretreatment values. The oral glucose tolerance test with a load of 100 g oligosaccharides did not show any statiscally significant changes during the 9 month observation period. The serum insulin curve, however, showed a delayed increase with a tendency to return to original values after medication had stopped. A slight degree of insulin resistance without change in glucose tolerance can, therefore, be assumed. There was a tendency for triglyceride values to increase over the observation period. A trend towards decreased cholesterol, on the other hand, was statistically insignificant. The observed changes were all within the normal range in all cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Investigations of the effect of midodrine on carbohydrate and fat metabolism with particular reference to the diabetic metabolic state (author's transl)].

Midodrine, which is used in the treatment of hypotensive circulatory distrubances was investigated with respect to possible effects on carbohydrate and fat metabolism in 5 healthy subjects and 7 patients with disturbed glocuse tolerance. An i.v. glucose tolerance test was carried out on both groups and was repeated a few days subsequently with simultaneous administration of midodrine (5mg i.v.). Midodrine had no significant effect on glucose tolerance in either group, nor was there any significant effect of midodrine on FFA, serum insulin, triglyceride or cholesterol levels. 15 diabetic patients controlled by different therapeutic regimens (5 by diet only, 5 by oral preparations and 5 by insulin treatment) were given 3x5mg midodrine orally over a 5-day period and the effects on diabetic control and metabolic parameters compared with a 5-day pretreatment period without midodrine. Midodrine did not cause any change in the quality of diabetic control nor any significant alteration in serum lipid or uric acid levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[The therapeutic management of consumption coagulopathy in progressive liver cirrhosis: low-dosage heparin therapy (author's transl)].

The high incidence of consumption coagulopathy in active liver cirrhosis prompted us to introduce low-dosage heparin therapy (LDHT) in the management of this condition. An investigation was carried out on 109 patients with clinical and biochemical evidence of progressive liver cirrhosis, which was designed to evaluate whether in addition to basic LDHT, the administration of either vitamin K1, human fibrinogen or partial prothrombin complex (Prothromplex 500) enhanced the results obtained with LDHT alone. The normotest, PTT, thrombin coagulase activity, fibrinogen and platelet count were determined at regular intervals. A significant increase in fibrinogen and platelet count was obtained within 14 days of LDHT in about 75% of the patients and the consumption coagulopathy was halted. Additional treatment with vitamin K1 did not bring about any further increase in the prothrombin complex. Substitution therapy with factors II, IX, X and fibrinogen combined with LDHT brought the expected results. The results reported in the literature and the aims of, and indications for LDHT are discussed.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Body composition in lean and obese persons determined by "lift balance densitometer" (author's transl)].

A new method was used to measure body density in 125 persons (divided into five groups: lean male and female; extremely obese male and female; moderately obese female). There was no correlation between body weight and total body fat in lean males, but a good correlation in lean females. Fat-free body mass correlated well with body weight in both lean groups. There was good correlation between body weight and total body fat in obese males and females. Relative weight (weight related to Broca index) correlated well with fat percentage in obese males, females, and lean women, but not in lean males. The results suggest that the Broca index of over-weight (percentage over-weight = height in cm minus 100) is a good measure of obesity in females and in extremely over-weight males, but no conclusion can be drawn about the amount of fat tissue in males who are only moderately over-weight or under-weight. In these persons fat-free body mass correlates better with body weight than "obesity tissue".

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[A new method for determining the body composition with the aid of a displacement balance and low-pressure volumetric analysis (author's transl)].

A new method for determination of the specific weight of the gas-free human body is presented. Volume measurement is facilitated by extremely precise scales, by means of which a well-defined amount of water which was removed from a "patient container" is weighed. After the test subject has entered the container and is standing up to the neck in water, the container is closed. The combined gas volume consisting of the subject's lung volume, his intestinal gas and the air around his head is measured by lowering the pressure by an exactly-defined amount. This is done by opening a valve at the bottom of the container, which results in the outflow of a certain amount of water, the volume of which corresponds to the volume expansion inside the container. The gas volume prior to expansion can then be calculated by application of the gas laws. The advantages of this measuring device are its relatively small size, the high precision and the fact that the procedure is not unpleasant for the subject, as the head is not submerged under water.

Body Composition↗
PubMed1975

[Indirect calorimetry by means of displacement spirometry of the respiratory minute volume (author's transl)].

One factor limiting the accuracy of indirect calorimetry is the measurement of the respiratory minute volume. The precision of available gasometers can scarcely ever be reduced beyond plus or minus 1% of the volume which is to be measured. A new method is presented which enables the metabolic rate to be determined with far greater accuracy by increasing the precision of respiratory volume measurements. Expired air is collected in a metal cylinder and its volume is determined by forcing it under water and measuring the weight necessary to accomplish this. This force is equivalent to the buoyancy force of the measured volume. The lower limit of accuracy in measurement of compensatory weights is 1 g, which is equivalent to an accuracy of 1 ml gas volume, independent of the size of the spirometer. Losses caused by mechanical friction reduce the factual accuracy to plus or minus 0.1%. After volume determination, the O2 and CO2 content of the collected air is determined in analysers connected to the displacement spirometer.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1975

[Specific weight loss in hyper- and hypothyroidism (author's transl)].

By means of a new method of extremely precise weight measurement (buoyancy scale) it is possible to measure the continuous weight loss of the human body. This weight loss is made up of three components, viz. the weight difference between produced CO2 and consumed O2, water loss through the lungs and transpiration through the skin. In relation to body weight it is called "specific weight loss." This parameter was measured in healthy human subjects and found to be within a relatively narrow range (16.42 plus or minus 2.55 mg/min/kp body weight). In four patients with hypothyroidism the values were very low (5.5 to 8.5 mg/min/kp). An increased specific weight loss was found in patients with hyperthyroidism (38 to 102 mg/min/kp in clinically severe cases). The applicability of this method to examination of thyroid function is discussed. It is compared to the classical method of basal metabolic rate measurement and its advantages are enumerated.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1975

Urinary catecholamine excretion and thyroid hormone blood level in the course of severe acute brain damage.

Urinary catecholamine excretion and thyroid hormone blood level were studied in 16 patients following severe cerebral trauma. Increased excretion rates of epinephrine and norepinephrine were found. There was no significant difference in the catecholamine excretion when compared with generally traumatized patients. The relationships between catecholamine excretion, increased metabolic rates, and negative nitrogen balance indicate that in patients with a midbrain syndrome there exists an additional diencephalic metabolic factor, which leads to a rise in fat oxidation and perpetuation of catabolism. Early high caloric parenteral nutrition seems to inhibit the initial increase of catecholamine excretion and thus protects the body from an unnecessary breakdown of its own reserves. If the course is classified according to neurological stages, it can be shown that patients with a traumatic apallic syndrome in poor condition have a high increase of catecholamine excretion. Secretion of thyroid hormones is not influenced significantly by cerebral trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Gynecological, hematological and metabolic studies during therapy with an estrogen-gestagen combination preparation].

Twenty women after menopause were submitted to substitution treatment with a biphasic hormone combination (Cyclacur¿). Nine of these had undergone hysterectomy + ovarectomy. Through 11 days each of the women was administered a daily dose of 2 mg estradiol-valerianate as estrogen. Subsequently, for another 10 days each was given the identical dose of estrogen plus 0.5 mg DL-norgestrel as gestagen. Upon this followed an intermission of 7 days without any medication. After 1 cycle of placebo, 7 cycles of medication were followed by 1 cycle of placebo again with regular controls. Climacteric signs and symptoms were eliminated entirely. In those women without hysterectomy withdrawal-menorrhagia occurred promptly 2--3 days after discontinuing medication. During the entire period of investigation there was no significant change in serum lipids, blood sugar values, or serum enzyme tests used as parameter of hepatic function. As far as hematology is concerned there was a moderate rise of hematocrit. No change of serum protein-bound iodine was observed.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1975

[Does obesity have an effect on heart function?].

Cardiac performance was studied in 14 obese but otherwise healthy young subjects during rest and submaximal ergometric exercise by means of Swan Ganz catheters. Cardiac output and stroke volume determined by the thermal dilution method were normal or slightly increased during rest rising on exercise in the usual range. However, mean pulmonary artery and pulmonary wedge pressures were increased above normal values in 50% of the patients during exercise indicating depressed left ventricular function. Patients with normal and abnormal hemodynamic response to exercise could not be separated by clinical findings. Repetition of studies in 11 patients following therapeutic starvation of 2-3 weeks duration revealed a statistically significant fall of pressures in the right atrium, the pulmonary artery and in the pulmonary wedge position during rest and exercise. In the majority of patients a moderate reduction in cardiac output and stroke volume suggested a decrease in preload due to loss of intravascular volume, but in a few instances with unaltered or increased cardiac output improvement of cardiac function had to be considered.

Adult↗