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Biomedical subjects

K Inui

Publications and source records attributed to K Inui.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Technical problems on right lung transplantation].

This report describes the technique of the allo-transplantation of the right lung of an adult mongrel dog. Compare to the transplantation of the left lung, we found several pitfalls in the right lung transplantation. 1) The intraatrial groove of the recipient must be divided carefully just at the middle of the right and the left atrium in order to make a generous cuff for the left atrial anastomosis. 2) It is preferable to divide azygos vein to perform easy anastomosis of right pulmonary artery and right bronchus. 3) Care must be taken to make left atrial cuff in donor lung since we did not divide intraatrial groove in the donor animal. It was necessary to make the left atrial cuff with a part of the right atrium attached.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1989

Impaired cholesterol esterification in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with I-cell disease and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy.

Cholesterol esterification was examined in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with I-cell disease and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy by incubating cells pretreated without fetal calf serum for 48h, with (14C) cholesterol for 24h. Impaired cholesterol esterification was found in these cells and free cholesterol was accumulated in plasma membrane and Golgi fractions. This impairment was also induced in control cells by adding leupeptin (20 micrograms/ml) or monensin (2 micrograms/ml). These findings suggest the importance of the role of lysosomes for esterification of cholesterol and give a hint as to the basic defect in type C Niemann-Pick disease.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1989

[Increased lipid peroxides generation and calcium fluxes in hearts during reperfusion].

To investigate the evidence for free radical generation and calcium influx as reperfusion injury, we studied the time course of lipid peroxides generation and calcium content in hearts during reperfusion. The study was performed in patients who had valve or coronary disease, and underwent open heart surgery. Lipid peroxides activity in plasma during reperfusion showed a significant (p less than 0.01) rise to a peak on 5 minutes of reperfusion (1.45 +/- 0.07 nmol/ml; mean +/- sem) compared to the level before reperfusion (1.37 +/- 0.07 nmol/ml) (n = 20). The lipid peroxides generation well correlated with aortic cross-clamp time (r = 0.6384, p less than 0.01). On the other hand, the atrial calcium content after 5-10 minutes of reperfusion was 118.5 +/- 14.9% of the level before cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 15), calcium/magnesium was 124.5 +/- 8.9% (p less than 0.05). That increase ratio well correlated with aortic crossclamp time (r = 0.5948, p less than 0.05). These results have produced evidence of increased oxidant activity and calcium influx in hearts during reperfusion. These results suggested that abnormal lipid peroxidation happened during reperfusion, and these peroxidation of the cell membrane might cause the membrane damage and then calcium influx.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of intractable hepatic hydrothorax treated by pleuro-venous shunt].

A 64-year-old woman with Idiopathic Portal Hypertension was hospitalized for severe respiratory distress. Chest X-ray film showed a massive pleural effusion in the right hemithorax. Though repeated thoracentesis was performed, the patient was suffering from dyspnea frequently. A pleurovenous shunt was inserted. Follow up chest X-ray films showed resolution of pleural effusion and the patient remained free of symptoms. Two months after the placement of the shunt pleural effusion again began to develop with systemic edema caused by development of chronic renal failure. Reduction of effusion was obtained by hemodialysis. Pleurovenous shunting may provide satisfactory palliation for intractable pleural effusions.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Effect of various chemical modifiers on H+ coupled transport of cephradine via dipeptide carriers in rabbit intestinal brush-border membranes: role of histidine residues.

We examined the effect of diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC), a histidine specific reagent, on H+ coupled transport of cephradine via dipeptide carriers in the intestinal brush-border membranes, in comparison with the effects of other chemical modifiers. Pretreatment of membrane vesicles with DEPC resulted in the inhibition of cephradine transport in the presence or absence of an inward H+ gradient. This inhibition was reversed by subsequent treatment with hydroxylamine, but not with dithiothreitol. The inactivation by DEPC pretreatment was abolished by the presence of cephradine or glycylsarcosine. In the DEPC-pretreated membranes, the V(max) value of cephradine uptake was decreased without any change in the Km value. In contrast, cephradine uptake was not changed by the pretreatment with N-acetylimidazole, a tyrosine specific reagent, or p-chloromercuribenzene sulfonate, a sulfhydryl reagent. These results suggest that histidine residues in the carriers are essential for H+ coupled transport of amiocephalosporins.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac response to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

In 54 subjects, cardiac function was investigated during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with a Holter electrocardiorecorder. The heart rate of patients who were premedicated with an anticholinergic agent increased more than did that of patients who received no premedication. In the group who received no anticholinergic premedication, sinus tachycardia was evident during endoscopy, but the only clinically important change was in one patient who converted to atrial flutter from atrial fibrillation. The heart rate increased during endoscopy among patients undergoing the procedure for the first time, but it did not increase in the patients who had previously undergone endoscopy. These results show that endoscopy is a relatively safe examination from the view point of cardiac risk when performed without the administration of an anticholinergic agent, but that cardiac patients should be monitored carefully. The endoscopist should also take into consideration the psychological state of the examinees.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy and biliary endoscopic lithotripsy.

We have been developing procedures for percutaneous transhepatic cholecystoscopy (PTCCS) through the sinus tract of percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy since 1981, and have used this method on 67 patients with gall bladder diseases. We also performed biliary endoscopic lithotripsy with PTCCS and percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) using a Nd-YAG laser or electrohydraulic shock wave lithotripter to non-operatively treat 83 patients with cholangiolithiasis, 11 with cholecystolithiasis, and four with cholecysto-choledocholithiasis. The present paper reports the PTCCS procedures and their usefulness for the precise diagnosis of early carcinoma of the gall bladder, and the usefulness and safety of biliary endoscopic lithotripsy techniques.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of cold blood cardioplegia and cold crystalloid cardioplegia with or without magnesium].

Blood cardioplegia has recently been advocated as a superior method of myocardial protection, but its temperature is important, and it has not been compared to a magnesium containing crystalloid cardioplegia. This study was undertaken to compare the protective effect of cold blood cardioplegia (BCP) and cold crystalloid cardioplegia with or without magnesium (MgKCP and KCP). Fourty-five patients were undertaken prosthetic cardiac valve replacement with left ventricular volume overload from valvular regurgitation. They were divided into three groups for the difference of the cardioplegic solution. Intraoperatively, myocardial temperature and the tissue PCO2 was monitored, and the content of calcium and magnesium of right atrium was measured before and after aortic cross clamping. Postoperatively, left ventricular stroke work index and serum CPK-MB isozyme activity were measured at 3, 6, 24 and 48 hours after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. The increase of the tissue PCO2 during aortic cross clamping and its recovery at ten minutes after reperfusion were significantly suppressed in BCP. The retension of the tissue calcium after reperfusion and calcium to magnesium ratio were significantly low in MgKCP. The recovery of cardiac pump function and decrease of CPK-MB were superior in MgKCP.

Cardioplegic Solutions↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of magnesium containing cardioplegic solution on the cases of extended aortic cross clamping].

We have investigated about the preservation of myocardium using magnesium containing cardioplegic solution. In this study we have concluded that magnesium containing cardioplegic solution is effective especially in the cases of extended Aortic cross clamping. 91 cases were availed for studying the post-operative cardiac function, and 32 cases of which were availed for seeking the content of calcium and magnesium of the myocardium. GK-Mg solution was superior in the post-operative cardiac function, and in the total CPK-MB. The retention of calcium in the myocardium after Ao declamping was higher in the cases of using GK solution. And Ca.Mg ratio was also higher in GK solution. Especially in the cases of extended Ao cross clamping, increase of calcium in the myocardium and Ca.Mg ratio was suppressed by using the GK.Mg solution. Although magnesium have several effects on the myocardium, but we think that suppressing the influx of calcium into the myocardium is one of the most important factor of the magnesium for the preservation of myocardium.

Aorta↗
PubMed1988

pH sensitivity of H+/organic cation antiport system in rat renal brush-border membranes.

We examined the pH sensitivity of the H+/organic cation antiport system in brush-border membranes isolated from rat renal cortex. The uptake of tetraethylammonium, a typical organic cation, in the absence of an H+ gradient had a marked pH dependence with an optimum pH of 7.0, while the uptake of p-aminohippurate, an organic anion, and D-glucose was almost consistent in the pH range of 6.0-8.0. The decreased tetraethylammonium uptake by brush-border membrane vesicles, suspended in an acidic pH buffer or an alkaline pH buffer, was completely recovered by subsequent treatment of the vesicles with a pH 7.0 buffer. The pH sensitivity of tetraethylammonium uptake was not changed in the presence of either carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, a protonophore, or valinomycin (voltage-clamped condition). Kinetic parameters of tetraethylammonium uptake were changed in a pH-dependent manner, although Eadie-Hofstee plots of tetraethylammonium uptake were linear in the pH range of 6.0-8.0, indicating the existence of one mode of transport system at various pH values. At an acidic pH, the Km was increased without any change in Vmax value, compared with the values at pH 7.0. On the other hand, at an alkaline pH, the Vmax was decreased without a change in Km value. These results suggest that the H+/organic cation antiport system in renal brush-border membranes is very sensitive to pH (optimum pH of 7.0), in contrast to organic anion and D-glucose transport systems, and that pH is an important factor to regulate the activity of the H+/organic cation antiport system, as well as H+ gradient (a driving force).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Changes in the hormone dependency of DMBA-induced rat mammary tumors with reference to the effect of tamoxifen.

Tamoxifen was administered over a period of 4 weeks to 19 female Sprague-Dawley rats bearing 20 DMBA-induced mammary tumors. Consequently, 13 tumors (65.0 per cent) regressed and showed a reduction in their estradiol receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) concentrations. In spite of subsequent treatment given to the rats bearing the regressed tumors, 6 new tumors occurred. The ER and PgR concentrations of these tumors were lower than those of the tumors before tamoxifen therapy, and histochemical study showed these tumors to be composed mostly of ER-negative cells. These results suggest that: (a) the hormone dependency of breast cancer is reduced by tamoxifen therapy; (b) breast cancers recurring during tamoxifen therapy show reduced hormone dependency.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1988

Urinary excretion and diuretic action of furosemide in rats: increased response to the urinary excretion rate of furosemide in rats with acute renal failure.

A urinary excretion-response curve representing the urinary excretion rate of furosemide versus the urinary excretion rate of (Na+ + K+) was used to analyze furosemide action in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure (ARF) with and without dopamine coadministration. Urinary excretion of furosemide, but not its serum concentration, was the determinant for the diuretic action of furosemide. Increased diuretic response was observed in ARF rats, although the total diuretic response and urinary recovery of furosemide within 2 hr decreased. Dopamine enhanced furosemide-induced diuresis in ARF rats in terms of the total urine output and urinary electrolyte excretion, although the urinary excretion-response curves were not different. This enhancement by dopamine was found to be caused by the augmented urinary excretion of furosemide and the increased response to this drug in ARF rats. These findings suggest the contribution of decreased concentrating ability along the nephron and/or increased sensitivity of cells at the site of action to this drug.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

A quantitative method of evaluating the diuretic response to furosemide in rats.

Furosemide effects are usually evaluated by measuring the urinary excretion rate of Na+ (UVNa) in humans. In the present study, however, UVNa showed a nonlinear relationship with urine flow rate after intravenous injection of furosemide in rats. In contrast, when the urinary excretion rate of (Na+ + K+) (UVNa + K) was plotted against the urine flow rate, a linear regression line was observed, with small interindividual variations in normal rats and in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Piretanide, a loop diuretic, also showed a similar relationship, while other types of diuretics revealed different slope values for the relationship. Although the urinary excretion rate of Cl- (UVCl) vs UVNa + K is expected to show a linear relationship in normal rats, the correlation coefficient of the linear regression line was smaller than that of the urine flow rate vs UVNa + K. Further, the slope of UVCl vs UVNa + K was slightly different in ARF rats. Therefore, UVNa + K provides a better quantitative measure of diuretic response to loop diuretics than UVNa or UVCl.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1988

A family with pseudodeficiency of acid alpha-glucosidase.

A unique family is presented which consists of a patient with the juvenile muscular dystrophy form of glycogenosis type II and four healthy individuals, both parents and sisters, with low acid alpha-glucosidase activity. It was almost impossible to distinguish the homozygote from the heterozygous members by lymphocyte assay alone. In cultured skin fibroblasts, acid alpha-glucosidase activity measured with a synthetic substrate was less than 1% of the normal mean value in the patient and about 15% in the parents. The activity toward glycogen was not detectable in the patient and was about 30% of the normal mean value in the parents. These values are also lower than expected in heterozygotes. To explain these results properly, a new mutant allele of acid alpha-glucosidase is proposed. Both parents could be compound heterozygotes for the pseudodeficiency allele and the juvenile form of glycogenosis type II allele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Intestinal absorption of cephalosporin antibiotics: correlation between intestinal absorption and brush-border membrane transport.

The absorption of seven cephalosporin antibiotics from the in-situ intestinal loop at pH 7.4 and their transport by brush-border membrane vesicles in the presence of an inward H+ gradient ([pH]i = 7.5, [pH]o = 6.0) were examined. A good correlation was found between the intestinal absorption rate and the initial uptake rate by brush-border membrane vesicles. The data suggest that the transport study using intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles is useful as a model system for the intestinal absorption of beta-lactam antibiotics.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Aminoglycoside-induced alterations in apical membranes of kidney epithelial cell line (LLC-PK1).

Aminoglycoside-induced renal cell injury was investigated using the LLC-PK1 pig kidney epithelial cell line. The development of aminopeptidase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, marker enzymes for apical membranes, was inhibited in the LLC-PK1 cells cultured with gentamicin. The inhibitory effect of gentamicin on the enzyme activities was dose dependent and was related to its accumulation within the cells. The development of Na+ -dependent active transport of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, a nonmetabolizable hexose, was also inhibited by treatment with gentamicin. Inhibitions in apical membrane enzyme activities and Na+ -dependent transport of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside were associated with the elevation of cytosolic free calcium, determined with a fluorescent indicator fura-2. The correlation between the alterations in apical membrane functions and the increase in cytosolic free calcium concentration was also supported by the study using the calcium ionophore A23187. The present data suggest that aminoglycoside-induced alterations in apical membranes of the LLC-PK1 cells are related to the increase in cytosolic free calcium levels.

Aminoglycosides↗