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Biomedical subjects

K Imai

Publications and source records attributed to K Imai.

At least 1,243 records · Page 69Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Therapy of renal cell carcinoma. 3. Interferon therapy].

Human lymphoblastoid interferon (HLBI-alpha) or recombinant human leukocyte interferon (HLIF-alpha) was administered to ten patients suffering from renal cell carcinoma at a daily dose of 5 X 10(6) units. The efficacy of interferon was assessed in nine patients who had received HLBI-alpha or HLIF-alpha for more than eight weeks. One patient (11%) demonstrated complete response (CR), three patients (33%) showed no change and five patients (56%) continued to have progressive disease. CR was obtained after 30 weeks under HLBI-alpha and FT-207 combination therapy. The main side effects were fever, anorexia, general fatigue and hematologic toxicities. Cessation of interferon therapy due to side effects was necessary in three patients. In conclusion interferon is one of the most valuable agents in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Study of voiding disturbances in elderly males. III. Analysis of flow rates and patterns in uroflowmetric studies: comparison between children, young adults and elderly men].

We performed uroflowmetric study in 8 boys (7 approximately 14 years old), 20 young adults (19 approximately 39 years old) and 552 elderly men (40 approximately 93 years old) with a DISA 21C10 mictiometer, and obtained 753 studies. Uroflowmetric studies were classified into 6 patterns: N type (normal), NB type (neurogenic bladder: wave-like curve), OB type (obstructive diseases: flat curve), AP type (anterior peak), PP type (posterior peak) and OT type (others). We studied the relationship between age and uroflowmetry with patterns and flow rates (maximum flow rate = MFR, average flow rate = AFR). In men over 19 years old, flow rates (MFR, AFR) decreased proportionally with age (MFR: 2.9 ml/s/10 years old, AFR: 1.6 ml/s/10 years old). In elderly men (over 40 years old), the N type flow curve decreased and OB type flow curves increased gradually with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[The subrenal capsule assay modified with three-dimensional measurement (volume method) and its higher predictivity].

Subrenal Capsule Assay (SRCA) developed by Bogden et al. is a new in vivo sensitivity test for anticancer agents. However, the presence of host reaction on about day 6 is largest problem for this method, and now many researchers are scrutinizing or introducing several modifications for this assay chiefly by immunosuppressing procedures. As one of the means to measure the actual change of the tumor volume and minimize the misreading of host reactions, we introduced three dimensional measurements of the grafts (volume method) instead of original mean diameter measurement. Using this method, prospective quantitative study was made. The results of 16 assays with 15 cases of miscellaneous malignancies showed 94% evaluability and in 22 treatments predictive accuracy was 77%. Assay/clinical correlation coefficient was 0.38 and coincidence of ranking order of the effectiveness was 6/6, with good contrast to those of 78%, 56%, 0.00 and 1/3, by original method respectively. Clinical responses more than PR were obtained in 9 of 15 cases. Two cases are still in CR for two years by assay directed single agent treatments. Many other minor modifications were also adopted and evaluated by quantitative observation of assay/clinical correlations. SRCA with our modifications seemed to have utilities than original.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Response criteria for prostatic cancer treated by chemotherapy or antiandrogenic therapy].

The efficacy of cytotoxic agents in the treatment of prostatic cancer is difficult to evaluate because objective, measurable lesions, such as lung, liver, skin, subcutaneous and nodal metastasis are often not found. However, most of the patients with advanced prostatic cancer have bone involvement and elevated serum acid-phosphatase in addition to the primary tumor. Exact clinical trials on such cases, especially phase II studies can not be performed without appropriate evaluations of these three parameters. The criteria of these three parameters offered by various study groups are reviewed and the relevant response criteria are proposed. A stable category was thought to be useful to evaluate the efficacy on the patients with progressing disease. In our proposal, overall assessment of response involves all objective parameters including these three parameters as well as both measurable and unmeasurable disease described in the WHO handbook for reporting results of cancer treatment.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

[Quantitative study of platelet deposition on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts using 111indium-labeled platelets].

The count of platelets deposited on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts (2 cm long, 3 mm internal diameter, implanted into thoracic aortae of 59 rabbits) was measured using 111Indium-labeled autologous platelets. The changes due to the time courses after implantation, the effect of aspirin and the differences of the platelet deposition on the thrombus and thrombus free surface were studied. In non-treated grafts, platelet deposition on the thrombus free surface was significantly and repeatedly decreased on the 3rd (42.3 +/- 16.6 X 10(4)/mm2, mean +/- S.D.), 9th (17.7 +/- 5.3 X 10(4)/mm2), and 30th (6.8 +/- 3.2 X 10(4) mm2) days after the implantation (p less than 0.05). In treated grafts, platelet deposition on the thrombus free surface was significantly inhibited by aspirin on the 3rd day (20.5 +/- 8.4 X 10(4)/mm2) after implantation (p less than 0.03), while significant inhibition of platelet deposition by aspirin was not noted on the 9th (13.4 +/- 3.8 X 10(4)/mm2) and 30th (13.1 +/- 4.5 X 10(4)/mm2) days after the implantation. Platelet deposition on the thrombus was not inhibited by aspirin. (3600 +/- 2400 X 10(4)/mm2, non-treated grafts. 3500 +/- 520 X 10(4)/mm2, treated grafts). It is concluded that administration of aspirin is necessary immediately after implantation, and its effect is not noted at the time when the deposition of the platelet decreased, and the effect of aspirin cannot be expected in tissues where easy platelet aggregation occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Oxygenation properties of hemoglobin from the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris. Effects of pH, salts, and temperature.

Oxygen equilibrium curves of the extracellular hemoglobin from Lumbricus terrestris were determined under a variety of conditions. These data were characterized by (i) a rather small free energy of cooperativity (1.6-2.8 kcal/mol), (ii) a large and strongly pH-dependent Hill coefficient with a maximum value of 7.9, (iii) a high sensitivity of the upper asymptote of the Hill plot to pH, and (iv) a maximum association constant as large as that of the free beta subunit of human hemoglobin A. The effects of LiCl, KCl, NaCl, BaCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, and MgCl2 on the oxygen equilibrium were measured. Cations, not Cl-, were found to control oxygen binding. Divalent cations have a larger effect on oxygen affinity than monovalent cations, and their effectiveness decreased in the order listed above within each valence class. These specific effects depend in part on ionic radius and cannot be explained in terms of ionic strength. The data indicate that the oxygenation-linked binding of a Ca2+ ion is accompanied by the release of two protons; the binding of a Na+ ion is associated with the release of one proton. These findings indicate that the oxygenation-linked cation-binding site contains two acid groups that do not readily dissociate their protons except when replaced by cations. Incubation at either pH 6.2 or 8.9 had no effect on subsequent measurements of oxygen equilibria at pH 7.8. The apparent heat of oxygenation was found to be -11.8, -7.3, and -9.3 kcal/mol at pH 9.0, 7.4, and 6.6, respectively. These differences indicate that proton-binding processes contribute to the heat of oxygenation.

Barium↗
PubMed1986

[Studies on estramustine-binding protein in the human prostate].

In the present study, size exclusion HPLC was used to analyse the properties of Estramustine-binding protein (EMBP) in the cytosol of human benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). The typical size exclusion HPLC separation profile of 3H-Estramustine-labelled cytosol of BPH showed four radioactive peaks that corresponded to the V0, 250K, 68K and 45K protein regions. The specific binding protein for Estramustine is contained mainly in the 250K protein region and in part in the V0 region. In the presence of sodium molybdate, the specific Estramustine binding to a 250K protein was increased to a level which was about 2.5 times as much as the value in the absence of sodium molybdate. The specific Estramustine binding to a 250K protein under the condition of no DCC treatment and the addition of sodium molybdate was 600% of the value obtained under the condition of DCC treatment and no addition of sodium molybdate. These results suggested that sodium molybdate stabilized the specific Estramustine-binding activity to a 250K protein and that specific Estramustine binding to a 250K protein seemed to be weaker than the binding of androgen to androgen receptor.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1986

High-performance liquid chromatography followed by peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence detection of acetylcholine and choline utilizing immobilized enzymes.

A sensitive and selective method for the simultaneous determination of acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) is reported. ACh and Ch were separated on a reversed-phase column, passed through an immobilized enzymes (acetylcholine esterase and choline oxidase) column, and converted to hydrogen peroxide. The generated hydrogen peroxide was detected by the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence reaction. The linear determination ranges were from 10 pmol to 10 nmol. The detection limit for both cholines was 1 pmol.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1986

Amino acid composition analysis of minute amounts of cysteine-containing proteins using 4-(aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole in combination with HPLC.

The simultaneous determination of amino acid composition including cysteine of egg albumin, a model protein containing a/s cysteine residue, is reported. All the thiol groups of the cysteine residue(s) of egg albumin were labelled with 4-(aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, a fluorogenic reagent for thiol groups. The labeled egg albumin was hydrolyzed in 6N HCl at 110 degrees C for 24 h. The hydrolysate was lyophilized, derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, a fluorogenic reagent for amines, and subjected to HPLC. 18 derivatized amino acids including double labelled cysteine were separated within 90 min on a Nucleosil ODS column (150 mm X 4.6 mm i.d.; 5 microns), and detected at 530 nm (ex. 470 nm) in a range from 90 fmol (aspartic acid) to 1.3 pmol (cysteine) (S/N = 3). Composition ratios of amino acids of egg albumin were similar to theoretical values except for methionine, which would be destroyed under the present acid hydrolysis condition. Analytical methods for cysteine residues are reviewed, and the availability of fluorogenic reagents having the benzofurazan structure is also discussed.

4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan↗
PubMed1986

The sustained release of LH X RH agonist from LH X RH agonist-polymer composite in patients with prostatic cancer.

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH X RH) agonist can be administered daily to patients with prostatic cancer with resulting clinical efficacy. A sustained drug release formulation of an LH X RH agonist, (D-Leu6)-des Gly-NH2(10)-LH X RH ethylamide (leuprolide)-vinyl polymer composite, was prepared by means of radiation-induced polymerization under a supercooled state. The sustained release of leuprolide from subcutaneously implanted leuprolide-vinyl polymer composite (14 mm in diameter and 4 mm in thickness) was obtained over a period of several months in five patients with prostatic cancer. Serum testosterone levels began to decrease on the tenth day, fell below 1 ng/ml after three weeks of implantation, and thereafter remained at the castration level until removal of the polymer composite. Clinical improvement was associated with serum hormonal changes, and support this as a novel and superior method of administration of LH X RH agonist.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, and E. brunetti: potent anticoccidial activity of an uridine analog, 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrazinone 4-oxide.

The anticoccidial activity of an uridine analog, 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrazinone 4-oxide (emimycin riboside), against five species of chicken Eimeria was tested individually in battery experiments. With 16 ppm of the compound in feed, marked anticoccidial activity was obtained against Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. acervulina, E. maxima, and E. brunetti. The last named species was more drug-sensitive than the others--dietary levels of at least 8 ppm of the drug exhibited good protection and eliminated practically all clinical signs. The battery tests with delayed and restricted medications showed that emimycin riboside affected the development of parasites in first and second generation schizogony of the life cycle of E. tenella.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1986

Sequence and expression of transcripts of the T-cell antigen receptor alpha-chain gene in a functional, antigen-specific suppressor-T-cell hybridoma.

We have detected rearrangement and expression of a gene encoding a T-cell antigen receptor alpha chain in the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-specific, inducible suppressor-T-cell (Ts) hybridoma 34S-281 (BW5147 lymphoma-C57BL/6Ts) by using alpha-chain cDNA clones isolated from this Ts hybridoma. The cDNA clones have a restriction length polymorphism in the constant region that identifies them as being of C57BL/6 origin. The cDNA sequence has an ATG start codon for an open reading frame including variable, joining, and constant gene segments. Furthermore, the Ts alpha-chain gene transcripts were detected on membrane-bound polysomes by RNA blot analysis using a variable-region fragment from one of the alpha-chain cDNA clones as probe, suggesting that they are actively translated in the Ts hybridoma. As the beta-chain gene is deleted in all Ts hybridomas analyzed, and since a disulfide-linked dimer is detectable by two-dimensional NaDodSO4/PAGE of lysates of surface-radioiodinated Ts, we suggest that Ts antigen receptors are either alpha-chain homodimers or heterodimers composed of the alpha chain in association with an undefined chain.

Animals↗