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Biomedical subjects

K Imai

Publications and source records attributed to K Imai.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Detection of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 antigen in malignant diseases.

A new monoclonal antibody (MoAb) HA58 (IgG1) was prepared, which recognizes the binding site on the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) antigen to the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1). The double-determinant immunoassay (DDIA) was established with use of MoAb HA58 and another anti-ICAM-1, MoAb CL207, to detect the soluble, shedding ICAM-1 antigen. Human recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced not only the expression of cell surface ICAM-1, but also the shedding ICAM-1 antigen in an IFN-gamma concentration-dependent and incubation-time-dependent manner. DDIA was applied to detect the shedding ICAM-1 antigen in the sera of patients with malignant or benign diseases. The incidence of positivity for ICAM-1 antigen in malignant diseases was higher than that in benign diseases or in healthy controls. Furthermore, the sera of cancer patients with liver metastasis showed higher levels of the shedding ICAM-1 antigen. These findings suggest that serum ICAM-1 antigen may be a useful marker to monitor tumor burden in cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Homozygous C3 deficiency associated with IgA nephropathy.

A 23-year-old male patient with homozygous C3 deficiency who developed asymptomatic proteinuria and hematuria was reported. Renal biopsy disclosed typical IgA nephropathy with deposition of early- and late-complement components except for C3 deposition. C9 and membrane attack complex were detected in the glomeruli despite the absence of C3. It was suggested that there might be some unknown complement activation mechanism which does not require C3 component.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with orally administered 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate.

1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine-5'-stearylphosphate (fosteabine) was administered orally to patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); refractory anemia with excess of blasts (RAEB), RAEB in transformation, acute leukemia derived from RAEB and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, in an early phase II study in a multi-institutional study. Among 62 evaluable patients, 2 patients achieved a complete remission, 6 a good response and 8 partial response by daily oral administration of 100-200 mg of fosteabine. The overall response rate was 25.8%. The response rates were almost the same among the four subtypes of MDS. Responses were reached 2-23 weeks (median, 8 weeks) after the start of therapy and continued for 3-50 weeks (median, 10 weeks). Major side effects were myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicities. In spite of the disadvantages, such as unpredictable absorption, this newly developed orally administrable cytarabine analogue will be a useful drug in the treatment of MDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plasma lysosomal enzymes after liver transplantation in the pig.

During liver transplantation in the pig, the plasma activities of beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase were elevated as early as 15 min after establishing the hepatic circulation. The enzyme activities peaked at 3 h and returned to the initial level within 2-3 days. However, such substantial alterations were not observed in other enzymes, alpha-mannosidase and alpha-glucosidase. Similar reactions to those of the first three enzymes were found in aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase but with later peaks and slower eliminations. In light of the current study, the serial estimation of acid hydrolases may be useful to discover the extent of tissue injury and also to evaluate the effectiveness of various organ-preservation methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Interleukin-1 inhibits in vitro decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a critical cytokine for the initiation of the immune response to infection or antigenic challenge, is known to also possess a variety of biological functions outside the immune system. We examined whether IL-1 could affect the decidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (ESC), a conspicuous part in the process of implantation, by assessing PRL production and morphological transformation in an in vitro system. Purified human ESC were cultured in the presence of progesterone (P) with or without the addition of IL-1. IL-1 markedly suppressed the induction of PRL production by P in a dose-dependent manner. The morphological decidualization of ESC in response to P was also inhibited by IL-1. This report demonstrates for the first time the possibility that IL-1 blocks decidualization, the functional differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells in response to ovarian steroids.

Cell Count↗
PubMed1991

Antioxidative effect of protoporphyrin on lipid peroxidation in tissue homogenates of intravenously administered rats.

Effect of intravenous administration of protoporphyrin IX (PP) on lipid peroxidation was studied in rats. PP and/or PP-derived porphyrins were found to be mainly distributed in livers, spleen and lungs. Dose-dependent decreases in the Fe2+ and L-ascorbic acid-stimulated lipid peroxidation in homogenates of livers and dose-dependent increases in porphyrin concentration in livers were observed after the PP injection. In the experiments with a 20 mg/kg dose of PP, the peroxidation level in the liver homogenates reached its minimum level during the period of 3 to 24 h accompanying the high porphyrin concentration in livers after the administration. After 96 h, a relatively high porphyrin concentration was still retained, but decreases in the peroxidation levels had ceased. PP administration caused a dose-dependent decrease in the endogenous lipid peroxides in livers within 0.5 h and the low levels were maintained throughout the course of the 168-h study. These results clearly show that the administered PP is distributed in the liver and inhibits the lipid peroxidation in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of protoporphyrin IX on the induction of respiratory impairment of hepatic mitochondria by carbon tetrachloride in rats].

The effect of pretreatment with protoporphyrin IX (PP) on the impairment of hepatic mitochondrial respiration induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was studied in rats. Treatment of animals intraperitoneally with CCl4 resulted in marked impairment of states 4 and 3 respirations, respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria in the presence of succinate, beta-hydroxybutyrate or glutamate as substrates. The PP, given intravenously, caused no alterations in those mitochondrial functions. The treatment with PP prior to the administration of CCl4 inhibited the induction of mitochondrial respiratory impairment by CCl4. CCl4 increased markedly the contents of lipid peroxide in the liver but not those in the mitochondria. The increase of hepatic lipid peroxides by CCl4 was markedly reduced by the pretreatment with PP. These results indicate that PP effectively protects the mitochondria from the functional disorder caused by CCl4.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Mycological examination on skin surface of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)].

Mycological examination on skin surface of 39 female and 35 male cynomolgus monkeys was carried out. Fungi were detected from 73 out of 74 subjects. Cladosporium was mostly predominant and the moderate predominant fungi were as follows: Acremonium, Curvularia, Arthrinium, Trichoderma, Stachybotrys, Emericella, Epicoccum, Pestalotia and Aureobasidium. However, dermatophytes or keratinophilic fungi were not isolated in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of operative therapy for renal cell carcinoma. 1. Nephrectomy].

A study was made on treatment-related factors, notably prognosis, in 148 patients treated by surgical resection of the primary lesion among 170 consecutive patients who were admitted to the Department of Urology, Gunma University for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma during the period from September 1961 through August 1989. Operative procedures used in this series were radical nephrectomy in 100 patients, simple nephrectomy in 46, partial nephrectomy in 1 and tumor enucleation in 1, lymph node dissection being performed in 53 of the 100 patients treated by radical nephrectomy. The patients receiving surgical resection of the primary lesion were stratified according to sex, PS, disease stage, surgical procedure, lymph node dissection and weight of renal substance resected and comparisons were made on survival rate and recurrence rate among patients in different strata in an effort to observe if these factors are determinant of postoperative prognosis. No significant difference in survival rate was observed between sexes. Patients displaying a PS value of 0 had a significantly higher survival rate than those having a PS value of 1 or above. Whereas a significant difference in survival rare was noted between stage IIIA + IIIB + C disease patients, no significant difference was observed among stage I, II and III patients, thus stages up to IIIA being considered low stage. Radical nephrectomy was associated with a significantly higher survival rate than simple nephrectomy in low stage (stage I-II) disease patients. However, there was no significant difference in survival rate between stage I-II disease patients with vs. without lymph node dissection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of operative therapy for renal cell carcinoma. 2. Intravenous tumor thrombectomy].

Twenty-eight patients with a tumor thrombus 914 in the inferior vena cava and 14 in the renal vein), among a series of 170 renal cell carcinoma patients receiving hospital treatment at the Gunma University during the period from 1961 to 1989, were explored for clinical features, with the results leading to the following conclusions: 1) There were 19 male and 9 female with respective mean ages of 62.1 and 54.4 years. 2) The disease was right-sided in 16 patients and left-sided in the other 12, but there were no striking left-to-right difference in tumor location. 3) The most frequent chief complaint was symptoms arising from the urinary tract. Among symptoms and sings occlusion of the inferior vena cava or renal vein, proteinuria was most frequent, being present in 56% of patients with clinical evidence of occlusion, followed by tortuosity of veins of the abdominal wall and edema in the lower extremities noted in 3 patients. 4) Selective renal arteriography demonstrated tumor hypervascularity in all 22 patients (except for one with a hypovascular tumor mass) and A-V shunt at a high percentage. Profuse striated vascular pattern representing arterialization of an extensive tumor thrombus was also noted, particularly with intra-caval involvement. Venacavography demonstrated neoplastic thrombi in the inferior vena cava as filling defects, thus proving the diagnosis. CT also provided diagnostic evidence of a tumor thrombus in all cases except for one in which it failed to detect a tumor thrombus in the renal vein preoperatively, with an accurate diagnosis rate of 100% for intra-caval tumor thrombi and 83% for tumor thrombi in the renal vein.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Correlation between the prostatic vessels and vertebral venous system of the dog].

We examined the correlation between the intrapelvic vessels, especially prostatic vessels, and the vertebral venous system in the male dog by radiography. Aorta abdominalis branches the right and left external iliac arteries at the 6th lumbar vertebra, and is divided into the right and left internal iliac arteries and arteria sacralis mediana at the 7th lumbar vertebra. Arteria urogenitalis arises from the internal iliac artery at the middle of articulatio iliosacralis, and is divided into arteria vesicalis caudalis cranially and arteria prostatica caudally. Arteria prostatica is divided in the prostatic capsule and distributed to the prostatic parenchyma in which arteries form the network. Vena prostatica is distributed to the prostatic parenchyma, forming the network and entered vena urogenitalis after joining vena vesicalis caudalis. Vena urogenitalis joins the internal iliac vein, and then the common iliac vein and vena cava posterior after joining the external iliac vein. The anastomosis between the intrapelvic vein and the vertebral venous system is formed by the vena intervertebralis. The vertebral venous system is anastomosis with the vena cava posterior, the common iliac vein, the internal iliac vein and vena pudenda interna.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Voiding disturbance in elderly males examined by prostate mass screening. Gunma Urological Oncology Study Group].

Information about voiding disturbance was obtained from 34,140 elderly males in Gunma Aged Club Association (Q group) through a questionnaire and from 8,129 males by prostate mass screening for prostate disease (MS group) as to: (1) the characteristics of the subjects examined by the mass screening, (2) the relationship between the voiding disturbance and aging and (3) the frequency of voiding disturbance in the normal elderly males. In MS group, the percentage of young subjects, especially less than 60 years old, who complained voiding disturbance was higher than the expected percentage on the assumption that it increases with aging. The percentage of voiding disturbance in these young subjects was also higher than that of males in the same decade in Q group. In their past and present history, the percentage of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) in these young subjects was higher than the expected percentage on the assumption that the incidence of BPH increases with aging. Judging from these results, it was estimated that they were not satisfied with the medical care by which they were treated or were being treated, and they received this mass screening to obtain consultation for their complains. Loss of the force was related with the prostate size estimated by digital rectal examination but not with aging. However, nocturia was well related with aging but not with the prostate size. Hesitancy, strain and dribbling were not apparently related with either the prostate size or aging. It was demonstrated that frequency of nocturia was 0 to 1 in less than 60 years old normal males, 0 to 2 in 60 to 79 years old ones and 0 to 3 in over 80 years old ones. The other symptoms studied in each decade were also analyzed and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Clustering of liver cancer deaths in Saitama Prefecture, Japan.

Cancer statistics in 1965 revealed that people in the eastern part of Saitama had a high risk of developing cancer of the liver. Clusters of liver cancer were also observed in 1975, though less for males than for females. In 1985, traces remained of clusters with higher death rates from liver cancer. A field survey revealed absence of correlation between geographical clustering of liver cancer and HBsAg positivity, geographical HBsAg positivity differences between sexes, and lack of correlation between geographical distribution of HBsAg positivity and death rates from liver diseases (cancer or cirrhosis). There was no geographical relationship of death rates from liver cancer to liver cirrhosis in Saitama. Statistics of the Saitama Cancer Center revealed lower averages than in the rest of Japan for the percentage of HBsAg positivity in HCC inpatients, the percentage of HCC inpatients with liver cirrhosis, and the ratio between the number of patients with HCC and those with cholangio carcinoma. A mail questionnaire revealed that farmers in the eastern part of Saitama had a strong positive association with death from liver cancer. These results suggest that HBV does not play an important role in the clustering of high death rates from liver cancer in Saitama.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1991

[Detection of the new tumor marker MUSE 11 antigen in sera of pancreatic cancer patients: a comparison with sialyl SSEA-I antigen].

Using sera from patients with pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, we measured the level of the adenocarcinoma-associated antigen MUSE 11. A comparative study between levels of MUSE 11 and levels of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) was also carried out. With respect to the MUSE 11 antigen, positive incidence was found in 17 out of 26 pancreatic cancer patients (65%), and in 1 out of 13 chronic pancreatitis patients (8%). Similar results were obtained from the assay of SLX levels. However, no correlation was found between the two markers. Out of 9 samples which showed MUSE 11 negative, three were positive for SLX. Out of 13 samples showing SLX negative, seven were positive for MUSE 11. Twenty out of 26 (77%) cases showed positive results for either antigen. These data suggest that the MUSE 11 antigen may be useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Prostate cancer--treatment of hormone independent cancer].

At the present time in Japan, the androgen ablation therapy, such as the surgical castration, estrogen therapy, antiandrogen therapy and LHRH agonist therapy, is mainly used for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer as well as for early prostate cancer. Ten to twenty percent of advanced prostate cancer do not respond to the initial endocrine therapy. The most of advanced prostate cancer relapse to androgen independent state within several years after the initial endocrine therapy. This characteristic of prostate cancers to develop resistance to androgen ablation therapy is the main problem in the treatment of prostate cancer. We surveyed the literatures regarding the treatments of the hormone independent prostate cancer. The results of bilateral adrenalectomy or antiandrogen therapy for patients who had relapsed to standard hormone therapy was disappointing. These data showed that the absence of testes and adrenals is not sufficient to stop the progression of the hormone independent cancer cells. Theoretically, the chemotherapeutic agents will be expected to be active agents for the hormone independent prostatic cancer. However, none of the products available are particularly active and the objective response rate is less than 10%. Therefore, the least toxic agents should be used. The treatment of painful metastasis in the terminal stage patients with hormone independent prostate cancer should be positively achieved. The external beam irradiation is useful for palliation of local bone pain of prostate cancer. Analgesics including morphine should be also positively used for the relief of pain in the terminal stage patients with prostate cancer.

Analgesics↗