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Biomedical subjects

K Hotta

Publications and source records attributed to K Hotta.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Effect of horizontal lithotomy position on spread of hyperbaric dibucaine spinal anesthesia].

We have studied the effect of horizontal lithotomy position on the spread of hyperbaric dibucaine spinal anesthesia. In three groups of 20 patients, 7.2 mg of hyperbaric dibucaine was injected intrathecally in the lateral decubitus position. In group supine, the patients were kept in supine horizontal position in which patient's legs and thighs were extended throughout the operation. In group lithotomy A, immediately after the spinal injection, the patients were placed into the lithotomy position. In group lithotomy B, after the spinal injection, the patients were placed immediately in the supine horizontal position for 15 min and then placed into the lithotomy position. There were no significant differences in height of sensory blockade among the three groups. The lithotomy position did not significantly affect the level of sensory blockade with hyperbaric dibucaine.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A radiological analysis of the position of lumbar epidural catheters: a comparison between median and paramedian approach].

The position of lumbar epidural catheters was confirmed by radiography in 71 patients. Catheters were advanced by 5 cm cephalad in the lumbar epidural space by paramedian approach (Group P: n = 28) or median one (Group M: n = 43) and contrast media was injected through the catheters. If the contrast media was present in the paravertebral regions, the catheter was considered to be in the abnormal position. The incidence of the abnormal position of the catheters was higher in group M than in group P significantly. To advance an epidural catheter longer into the lumbar epidural space, paramedian approach may be superior to median one.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1995

[Postoperative analgesia service by continuous epidural infusion with buprenorphine].

We examined the analgesic efficacy and side effects of continuous epidural infusion with buprenorphine in 340 surgical patients. The patients received epidural injection of 0.1 mg of buprenorphine in 8 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine immediately after surgery. The patients who underwent thoracotomy or intraabdominal surgery were subsequently infused with buprenorphine 15 micrograms in 1 ml of 0.25% buprenorphine at a rate of 1 ml.h-1 for 48 h. In the other kinds of surgery, patients were infused with buprenorphine 8 micrograms in 1 ml of 0.25% buprenorphine at a rate of 1 ml.h-1 for 48 h. The patients who did not need additional narcotics were 68% and 83% on the postoperative day 1 and 2, respectively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was 22 +/- 2 mm at rest and 43 +/- 2 mm at movement on the postoperative day 1. Corresponding values on the postoperative day 2 were 16 +/- 2 mm and 37 +/- 2 mm, respectively. Nausea and vomiting were found in 12.4% of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Quantitation of the glycation intermediate 3-deoxyglucosone by oxidation with rabbit liver oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase to 2-keto-3-deoxygluconic acid followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A simple and sensitive method for the detection of 3-deoxyglucosone was developed using oxidation with crude oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase to 2-keto-3-deoxygluconic acid followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase was prepared from rabbit liver and partially characterized. 2-Keto-3-deoxygluconic acid produced from 3-deoxyglucosone by oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase was derivatized with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, and the fluorescent products were detected and quantitated by HPLC using a solvent containing borate. In the presence of borate, 2-keto-3-deoxygluconic acid was completely separated from N-acetylneuraminic acid. The detection limit of 3-deoxyglucosone was 2.5 pmol/injection (10 microliters) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. This method was used to confirm the inhibitory effect of aminoguanidine on glycation.

Aldehyde Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1994

Effects of acid-inhibitory antiulcer drugs on mucin biosynthesis in the rat stomach.

The effects of the anti-acid secretory agents, cimetidine (N-cyano-N'-methyl-N"-(2-([(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]thio)ethyl) guanidine), ranitidine (N-(2-(((-5-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-2-furanyl)methyl)thio)ethyl)-N'-meth yl- 2-nitro-1,1-ethene-diamine), roxatidine (2-acetoxy-N-(3-[m-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenoxy]-propyl) acetamide hydrochloride), FRG-8813 (2-(furfurylsulfinyl)-N-(4-[4-(piperidinomethyl)-2-pyridyl]o xy-(z)-2- butenyl)acetamide), omeprazole (5-methoxy-2-([(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl)- 1H-benzimidazole), and NC-1300-O-3 (2-([2-(isobutylmethylamino)benzyl]sulfinyl)-1H- benzimidazole), on mucin biosynthesis were studied in rat gastric mucosa by using an organ culture technique. [3H]Glucosamine incorporation was stimulated in the corpus region by the histamine H2 receptor antagonists which have a six-membered aromatic ring, roxatidine and FRG-8813, and the new H+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, NC-1300-O-3. Thus, these drugs not only inhibit acid secretion but may also promote gastric mucosal protective actions. The present observations also demonstrate that the determination of mucin biosynthesis may be a useful tool for evaluation of mucosal protective activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells as a result of prevention of cell death by bcl-2.

Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells die when cultured in serum-free medium. Neurotrophic factors can rescue PC12 cells from cell death, and induce neuronal differentiation. To further investigate the relationship among cell death, survival, and differentiation, the bcl-2 cDNA, which is known to prevent apoptosis in various types of cells, was transfected into PC12 cells. Six monoclonal bcl-2-transfected cell lines were isolated and confirmed to express mRNA and protein product of bcl-2. The wild-type and bcl-2-transfected PC12 cells were kept to adhere to collagen-coated dishes at the initiation of serum-free experiments to avoid cellular damage due to detachment of the cells by trituration. Even under the conditions, the control PC12 cells mostly died within 24 h, when cultured in serum-free medium, whereas those expressing Bcl-2 survived even for 7 days in serum-free medium. Moreover, outgrowth of long processes in the bcl-2-transfected cells was only observed under the condition to keep the cells attached to the dishes in serum-free medium without any additive neurotrophic or growth factors. Neurofilament medium protein, which is a neuron-specific cytoskeletal component, was also expressed in the differentiated cells, suggesting that the long processes in bcl-2-transfected PC12 cells are neurites. However, neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells expressing Bcl-2 was not observed when cultured in serum-containing medium. Accordingly, survival of PC12 cells expressing Bcl-2 under the condition which cells usually die may be accompanied with neuronal differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Dot blot analysis of rat gastric mucin using histochemical staining methods.

Rat gastric mucins blotted on various membranes were detected using the periodate-Schiff staining method. The use of a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane gave the best results compared to nitrocellulose, nylon, positively charged nylon, and positively charged PVDF membranes. Alcian blue, high-iron diamine, galactose oxidase-cold thionin Schiff, and paradoxical concanavalin A stainings were also performed to detect mucins on PVDF membranes. Mucins were quantitatively detected by this analysis using each staining method with a range of detection from 0.02 to 1 microgram. Mucins extracted from rat gastric mucosa were detected by these dot blot assays at the position of void volume during Sepharose CL-4B chromatography. Mucins, after being purified with cesium trifluoroacetate centrifugation, were also mainly excluded from a Sepharose CL-2B column and detected by the dot blot assay using each staining method. In contrast, mucins after reduced alkylation were separated into two fractions during Sepharose CL-2B chromatography; one was excluded but the other was included in the column. Both fractions were detected using the periodate-Schiff method, but only the excluded fraction was stained using the paradoxical concanavalin A staining method. Thus, the dot blot assay using histochemical staining methods is useful for detecting individual mucins during gel chromatography.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of the new histamine H2 receptor antagonist, FRG-8813, on gastric mucin in rats with or without acidified ethanol-induced gastric damage.

It is not presently well understood whether the histamine H2 receptor antagonist has a function other than the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, such as the effect on the gastric mucosal defence mechanism. In this paper, we report the effect of FRG-8813 (N-[4-[4-(piperidinylmethyl)pyridyl-2-oxy]-(Z)-2-butenyl]-2- (furfurylsulfinyl) acetamide), a new histamine H2 receptor antagonist, on the rat gastric mucin content with or without 0.15N HCl-ethanol (60 %)-induced gastric damage. The prior administration of FRG-8813 significantly inhibited the occurrence of macroscopically observable hemorrhagic lesions induced by the acidified ethanol treatment. Using a newly developed biochemical method, the mucin content of the deep corpus and antral mucosa of the acidified ethanol-treated animals was significantly reduced to 50% and 32% of the control, respectively. These reductions were inhibited by the pretreatment with FRG-8813. Total mucin content in the entire stomach recovered to about 80% of the control value after pretreatment with FRG-8813. A single oral administration of FRG-8813 (30 mg/kg) caused no significant change in the total mucin content, but mucin in the adherent mucus gel layer selectively and significantly increased to 250% of the control. These results suggest that FRG-8813 not only inhibits acid secretion but may also affect the gastric mucosal defensive mechanism as well.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1994

Estradiol-17 beta regulates the induction of VCAM-1 mRNA expression by interleukin-1 beta in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

We examined the effect of estradiol-17 beta on the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), an adhesion molecule, in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. After preincubation with estradiol-17 beta for 24 hours, cells were treated for 4 h with 0.5 micrograms/ml recombinant human interleukin-1 beta. The RNase protection assay was performed using an [alpha-32P]-labeled 121 base pair VCAM-1 cRNA probe. Preincubation with estradiol-17 beta (250 or 500 pg/ml) suppressed the induction of VCAM-1 mRNA expression by interleukin-1 beta. VCAM-1 staining with a monoclonal antibody decreased when cells were incubated with estradiol-17 beta at 250 and 500 pg/ml, while staining was detectable when cells were treated with interleukin-1 beta at 0.5 micrograms/ml. In conclusion, estradiol-17 beta regulates the induction of VCAM-1 gene expression by interleukin-1 beta in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene is associated with serum ACE concentration and increased risk for CAD in the Japanese.

BACKGROUND: The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system thought to be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Deletion polymorphism in the ACE gene may be a risk factor for myocardial infarction in the Caucasian population. However, this finding has not yet been investigated in the Japanese population. METHODS AND RESULTS: A 287-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 16 of the ACE gene was examined by polymerase chain reaction in a cross-sectional study of 100 healthy subjects and 178 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (70 angina pectoris, 108 myocardial infarction), whose serum ACE levels were concomitantly measured. Polymorphism of the ACE gene was characterized by three genotypes: two deletion alleles (genotype DD), two insertion alleles (genotype II), and heterozygous alleles (genotype ID). No differences could be detected among the three genotypes for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and body mass index. Serum ACE levels were 11.4 +/- 2.7, 14.5 +/- 3.5, and 16.6 +/- 4.6 IU/mL for genotypes II, ID, and DD, respectively. In the study population, the genotype DD was more closely associated with CAD than the other two genotypes (ID and II). The frequency of deletion alleles was higher (0.58) in the CAD group than in healthy control subjects (0.42) (P < .05). Furthermore, multivessel disease was more strongly associated with deletion alleles than with insertion alleles (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: A deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene is associated with serum ACE activity and increased risk for CAD in the Japanese.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effects of Z-300, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on mucin biosynthesis in rat gastric mucosa.

We examined the effects of Z-300 (N-[3-[3- (piperidinomethyl)phenoxy]propyl]-2-(2-hydroxy-ethyl-1-thio)acetam ido.2- (4-hydroxy benzoyl)benzoate), a newly-synthesized selective histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on mucin in rat gastric mucosa. Deep corpus mucin content increased significantly to 127% of the control after the administration of 30 mg/kg of Z-300, whereas that in the antral mucosa did not increase. The addition of Z-300 significantly increased [3H]-labeled mucin in the corpus region. In the antrum, biosynthetic activity showed no significant change by 10(-8)-10(-5) M of Z-300. These results suggest that Z-300 not only inhibits acid secretion but may also promote gastric mucus metabolism in the corpus region.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1994

Unusual combination of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with transient-pituitary-isolated gonadotropin deficiency.

We report a 27-year-old man with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and transient-pituitary-isolated gonadotropin deficiency. He had typical diabetic symptoms, and loss of libido of a 6-month duration. Although antibodies to islet cells or islet cell surface were not detected in his sera, daily urinary excretion of c-peptide immunoreactivity was extremely low, and antibodies to the pituitary AtT-20 cell were detected. The plasma responses of gonadotropin to a single and a repetitive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone were extremely low, whereas testosterone concentrations in the serum and urine were low normal. After 6 months, the gonadotropin deficiency and loss of libido were not detected and antibodies to the AtT-20 cell was negative. We suspected that both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and transient-gonadotropin-deficiency might be an autoimmune mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Analysis of the preceding R-R interval and the coupling interval on premature ventricular contractions].

Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) are one of the common arrhythmias. Although the analysis of the preceding R-R interval and the coupling interval on the Holter electrocardiogram, the Lorenz plotting method, has been used to characterize mature of PVC, this analysis has typically been performed without regard to the morphological classification of the electrocardiogram waveforms. Therefore, we performed the Lorenz plotting after a PVC classification. We analyzed 45 cases with more than 1,000 PVCs per day. Twenty-six of the cases with PVCs had no organic heart disease (idiopathic PVC); nineteen of the cases with PVCs had organic heart disease (PVC with disease). Each R-R interval was analyzed after classification based on the morphology of each QRS wave of the PVC. The computer generated a two-dimensional plot of the relationship between the preceding R-R interval of PVC and the following coupling interval. The forms of PVCs were monoform in idiopathic PVC and were mostly multiform in PVC with disease. The patterns on Lorenz plotting in idiopathic PVC had a tendency to be uniform with small standard deviations. In contrast, multiform PVCs tended to be highly variable with large standard deviations. The value of SD was 32.1 +/- 12.0 msec in idiopathic PVC, and that of the slope "a" was 0.048 +/- 0.051 in PVC with disease. Using the SD values and the slope "a" values, we were able to classify idiopathic PVC vs. PVC with disease with a 95% sensitivity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of indomethacin as an adjunct to postoperative pain relief by continuous epidural infusion of bupivacaine and buprenorphine].

We examined the analgesic effects of indomethacin as an adjunct to postoperative epidural analgesia in 40 patients who underwent upper abdominal surgery. Twenty patients in control group were epidurally given 0.1 mg of buprenorphine in 8 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine immediately after surgery and subsequently infused 15 micrograms buprenorphine in 1 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine at a rate of 1 ml.h-1 for 48 h. The remaining 20 patients were rectally given 50 mg of indomethacin in addition to the same epidural method described above. The patients who did not need additional narcotics in the control and indomethacin groups were 45% and 80%, respectively (P < 0.05). In upper abdominal surgery, postoperative pain relief by epidural buprenorphine and bupivacaine plus rectal indomethacin was more effective than that by epidural buprenorphine and bupivacaine.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

[Failures of lumbar epidural analgesia caused by transforaminal passage of an epidural catheter in two cases].

In one case, analgesia level obtained with a 20 ml of 1.5% mepivacaine was unilateral and inadequate. In the other case, an epidural catheter was inserted after a 20 ml of 2% mepivacaine was injected through a Tuohy needle. Toxicity by local anesthetic was induced by an overdose of local anesthetic through the catheter. In both cases, transforaminal passage of a catheter was confirmed by epidurogram with iohexol. If an epidural catheter is advanced beyond 5 cm into the epidural space, it may migrate outwards through the intervertebral foramen. Therefore, the insertion of an epidural catheter should be limited to 3-4 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Effect on gastric mucus of the proton pump inhibitor leminoprazole and its cytoprotective action against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats.

The effect of leminoprazole ((+-)-2-[[2-(isobutyl-methylamino)benzyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazol e, NC-1300-O-3, CAS 104340-86-5), a new compound being developed as an inhibitor of the gastric mucosal proton pump (H+,K(+)-ATPase), on gastric mucus secretion was studied by a biochemical method measuring the gastric mucin content in rats. Oral administration of leminoprazole (30 mg/kg) strongly inhibited the hemorrhagic lesions induced by 60% ethanol containing 0.15 mol/l HCl (acid-ethanol) administered 1 h later. Leminoprazole significantly inhibited the acid-ethanol-induced reduction of the mucin content in the surface mucosa including the mucus gel layer, but no significant effect could be obtained on the reduction of mucin present in the deep layer of the corpus and antral mucosa. Leminoprazole given to rats not treated with acid ethanol accelerated the secretion of deep mucosal mucus and increased significantly the content of soluble mucus which was recovered from the gastric luminal contents to about 200% of control, but failed to produce any significant change in the mucus content present in the surface mucosal and the mucus gel layers. The effect of leminoprazole on gastric mucus secretion might contribute to healing the peptic ulcer diseases and may be involved in the cytoprotective mechanism of this drug.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1994

[Deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene associates with increased risk for ischemic heart diseases in the Japanese].

The Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a key component of the renin-angiotensin system thought to be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies showed that deletion polymorphism in the ACE gene might be a risk factor for myocardial infarction in the Caucasian population. However, this finding has not yet been reported in the Japanese population. In this study, a 287 base pair (bp) insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 16 of the ACE gene was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a cross-sectional study of 35 healthy subjects and 85 patients with ischemic heart diseases (IHD) (32 angina pectoris, 53 myocardial infarction). Polymorphism of the ACE gene was characterized by three genotypes; two deletion alleles (genotype DD), two insertion allele (genotype II) and heterozygotes alleles (genotype ID). No differences could be detected among the three genotypes for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure and body mass index. The serum ACE activities in each II, ID and DD genotype were 10.1 +/- 2.1 microU/ml, 13 +/- 3.2 microU/ml, 14.2 +/- 5.4 microU/ml, respectively. In the population study the genotype DD was significantly associated with IHD when compared with the other two genotypes (ID and II). The frequency of deletion allele was higher (0.61) in the IHD group than in the normals (0.39) (chi 2 = 7.8, p < 0.01). These frequencies were not varied whether they had classic risk factors or not. Furthermore, coronary multivessel impairment was significantly associated with the deletion allele than with the insertion allele (chi 2 = 11.7, p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗