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Biomedical subjects

K Hotta

Publications and source records attributed to K Hotta.

403 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Novel modulator for endothelial adhesion molecules: adipocyte-derived plasma protein adiponectin.

BACKGROUND: Among the many adipocyte-derived endocrine factors, we recently found an adipocyte-specific secretory protein, adiponectin, which was decreased in obesity. Although obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, the molecular basis for the link between obesity and vascular disease has not been fully clarified. The present study investigated whether adiponectin could modulate endothelial function and relate to coronary disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: For the in vitro study, human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were preincubated for 18 hours with the indicated amount of adiponectin, then exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (10 U/mL) or vehicle for the times indicated. The adhesion of human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells to HAECs was determined by adhesion assay. The surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (E-selectin), and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was measured by cell ELISA. Physiological concentrations of adiponectin dose-dependently inhibited TNF-alpha-induced THP-1 adhesion and expression of VCAM-1, E-selectin, and ICAM-1 on HAECs. For the in vivo study, the concentrations of adiponectin in human plasma were determined by a sandwich ELISA system that we recently developed. Plasma adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in patients with coronary artery disease than those in age- and body mass index-adjusted control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that adiponectin modulates endothelial inflammatory response and that the measurement of plasma adiponectin levels may be helpful in assessment of CAD risk.

Adipocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Choroidopathy with serous retinal detachment in a patient with polymyositis.

PURPOSE: The authors report a unique case of multifocal choroidopathy in association with polymyositis. METHODS: The clinical presentation, laser treatment, and subsequent change in ocular findings are described. RESULTS: A 65-year-old Japanese man with polymyositis experienced mid acute vision impairment in both eyes during systemic corticosteroid treatment for interstitial pneumonia. Fundus examination revealed a gray-white subretinal exudate with serous retinal detachment. Angiographic examination disclosed partial dilatation of the choroidal vein at the posterior pole and dye leakage points in the retinal pigment epithelium. The patient's left eye developed bullous retinal detachment and multi focal choroidal nodules at the posterior pole during the period of tapering of oral corticosteroid administration. Retinal burns were applied to the dye leakage points in the right eye using an argon laser. Vision in the right eye showed rapid recovery due to regression of the serous retinal detachment. However, in the left eye without retinal burns visual acuity decreased to light perception only even after regression of the bullous retinal detachment and choroidopathy. CONCLUSIONS: In serous retinal detachment with choroidopathy associated with polymyositis, laser photocoagulation at leakage points may be useful for rapid restoration of vision and for the prevention of permanent severe vision loss.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical investigation of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 53 patients in a single institution.

BACKGROUND: Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) has been reported to have unique clinicopathological features. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was performed using data base including 871 patients treated for primary lung cancer between 1981 and 1995. RESULTS: The patients with BAC included a larger proportion of female (P = 0.029) and smoked less (P = 0.002) than those with non-BAC. There was no difference in survival between surgically resected patients with BAC and those with non-BAC. Clinical Stage IV patients with BAC had a better response to chemotherapy than did those with non-BAC. Survival in the former group was better than that in the latter on univariate analysis, but the significance of this difference was not confirmed multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: The patients with BAC included a larger proportion of females and smoked less than those with non-BAC. Treatment results for BAC was comparable to those for non-BAC.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the relationship between serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and treatment outcome in surgically resected clinical-stage I patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

The relationship between preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level and treatment outcome for 39 clinical-stage I patients with surgically resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was retrospectively studied. Serum CEA levels were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, with the upper limit of normal defined as 6.7 ng/mL based on the 95% specificity level for benign lung disease in our hospital. Patients with serum CEA > or = 6.7 ng/mL (n = 9) were more likely to have advanced disease at surgery than those with serum CEA < 6.7 ng/mL (n = 30) (77.8% vs 16.7%, p = 0.0049). This increase in disease stage at surgery was mainly due to mediastinal lymph node metastasis. The sensitivity and specificity of serum CEA in the detection of pathological N2 disease were 62.5% and 87.1%, respectively. Survival for the high CEA group was significantly worse than that for the low CEA group (median survival time, 40.2 vs 75.8 months, p = 0.0125). Relapse-free survival for the high CEA group was also poorer than that of the low CEA group (p = 0.0032). In a multivariate analysis, serum CEA level was the most dominant factor affecting relapse-free survival (hazard ratio = 6.68, p = 0.0053). These findings suggest that preoperative serum CEA level is useful not only in detection of mediastinal lymph node metastasis, but also in prediction of survival for clinical-stage I patients with NSCLC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of omeprazole on rat gastric mucus glycoproteins with acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric damage.

Investigations were carried out to determine the effects of omeprazole on mucus glycoprotein in rat gastric mucosa. Quantitative and qualitative changes in mucus glycoprotein, isolated from omeprazole-treated rats with or without acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric damage, and the degree of gastric mucosal injury were studied. Omeprazole, in a dose-dependent manner, prevented macroscopical mucosal damage induced by acidified acetylsalicylic acid. A considerable decrease in corpus mucus glycoprotein (54%) and antral mucus glycoprotein (72%) was observed in acetylsalicylic acid-treated rats and acetylsalicylic acid reduced the amounts of fucose and galactose of corpus mucus glycoprotein. Pretreatment with omeprazole partially restored a quantitative reduction and a qualitative change of carbohydrate portion in corpus mucus glycoprotein induced by acetylsalicylic acid. A single administration of a high dose of omeprazole (200 mumol/kg) also induced the reduction of corpus mucus glycoprotein content (82%), although no changes in the carbohydrate component were observed. The decrease in corpus mucus glycoproteins induced by omeprazole might be due to a cause different from that of acetylsalicylic acid-induced mucus glycoprotein reduction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Elevated vascular endothelial growth factor levels in sera of patients with lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression has been observed in several malignant tumors, and VEGF level in serum appears to be correlated with tumor burden in cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Serum VEGF levels were measured in 70 patients with lung cancer including 23 with adenocarcinoma, 19 with squamous cell carcinoma, 3 with large cell carcinoma, and 25 with small cell carcinoma, and in 30 patients with benign lung disease and 13 healthy subjects with an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS: VEGF levels (mean +/- SD; pg/ml) were 834 +/- 699 and 732 +/- 529 in patients with lung cancer and benign lung disease, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (264 +/- 129) (P < 0.01). There were no differences between VEGF levels categorized by histology, disease stage, or distant metastasis for lung cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: Although serum VEGF levels were increased in lung cancer patients, this increase might not have been related to tumor burden.

Adult↗