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Biomedical subjects

K Hoshi

Publications and source records attributed to K Hoshi.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of diagnostic ultrasound irradiated during fetal stage on development of orienting behavior and reflex ontogeny in rats.

The physical growth, the development of orienting behavior and neuromotor reflexes of offspring of rats that received an irradiation of a diagnostic level of ultrasound on the 9th day of gestation were estimated and compared with those of two control groups (untreated control and sham-irradiated or immobilized control). Results showed no significant group differences in terms of either physical development or development of orienting behavior. In the reflexological tests, however, a number of those reflexes that developed after 6 days of postnatal life of the offspring of irradiated rats showed significant delays in maturation when compared with those of the untreated control rats, but showed no difference from those of the sham-irradiated group. From these findings it is suggested that under certain circumstances such as in stress, the prenatally irradiated ultrasound of even a low-intensity may affect the development of the brain of offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of diagnostic ultrasound irradiated during foetal stage on emotional and cognitive behaviour in rats.

Our previous work demonstrated that the prenatally irradiated ultrasound of even a low-intensity might affect the functional development of the brain of offspring in rats. In the present study, in order to investigate the emotional and cognitive behaviour of offspring of rats that received the irradiation of a diagnostic ultrasound on the 9th day of gestation, the following three experiments were carried out: 1) The emotional reactivity of the offspring was measured by the open-field technique. 2) The same reactivity was further evaluated in terms of the excape response from electroshock. 3) The cognitive function of the offspring was assessed through the discrimination learning and the discrimination reversal learning. The offspring of irradiated rats showed significantly more distinct vocalization response to handling in the open-field test and significantly more distinct escape response from the electroshock, when compared with the two control rats (untreated control and sham-irradiated control). From these findings it may be suggested that the emotional behaviour in rats can be influenced by a low-intensity ultrasound irradiated during foetal stage. On the other hand, as for the cognitive behaviour, the results of the present study suggest no adverse effect on it.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

[Gastrostomy].

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Gastrostomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HER-2/neu expression in ovarian clear cell carcinomas.

HER-2 /neu is a 185-kDa glycoprotein and a transmembrane receptor with tyrosine kinase activity. Its overexpression is observed in 25-30% of primary breast carcinomas and is associated with a poor clinical prognosis. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Japanese Ministry of Health, Welfare, and Labor approved the use of trastuzumab (Herceptin, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast carcinomas overexpressing HER-2 /neu. Results of clinical trials with Herceptin suggest that it may prolong the survival of patients with advanced metastatic breast carcinoma. Relatively little is known concerning the relationship between HER-2 /neu status and ovarian clear cell carcinoma. If HER-2 /neu overexpression status were demonstrable in ovarian clear cell carcinoma and a clinical correlation between overexpression and prognosis could be established, a rationale for clinical use of Herceptin for this tumor could be established. Our aim was to evaluate HER-2 /neu status in ovarian clear cell carcinomas. Fifteen ovarian clear cell carcinoma cases were immunostained for HER-2 /neu using HercepTest (DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark). Overexpression of HER-2 /neu was detected in only one case. Unlike in breast carcinoma, HER-2 /neu overexpression appeared to be uncommon in ovarian clear cell carcinomas. Herceptin may thus target only a small proportion of ovarian clear cell carcinomas and be of limited clinical value for treatment of this carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detachable coils for occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus in 2 dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of a detachable coil for transcatheter closure (TCC) of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in 2 dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Two female Pembroke Welsh Corgi dogs with PDA. METHODS: Using fluoroscopic guidance, an 8-mm-diameter coil stent with 5 loops (detachable coils for PDA closure) was inserted via catheterization of the femoral artery. The catheter was passed through the PDA into the pulmonary artery. The coil was withdrawn so that 1.5 loops remained on the pulmonary side of the orifice of the ductus. The rest of the loops were pushed out from the catheter into the ductus. After confirming the correct placement of the coil and the effectiveness of the occlusion, the delivery wire was detached from the coil. RESULTS: Insertion of the coil was easily performed, even without previous experience. Immediate and marked decrease of the cardiac murmur was auscultated. Only slight residual flow was detected by angiography conducted 3 months' postoperatively. The dogs experienced quick and uneventful recovery after coil placement and required minimal postoperative care. Follow-up evaluation of the dogs showed no functional clinical signs of PDA, and no cardiac abnormalities were detected on electrocardiographic, phonocardiographic, and echocardiographic examination. In dog 1, the residual flow had disappeared on the color-flow Doppler echocardiographic examination at 18 months' postoperatively. CONCLUSION: TCC using a detachable coil was easy, safe, and effective in 2 dogs with PDA. The minimal residual shunting observed only by echocardiography seemed hemodynamically insignificant. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This method can be used as an alternative to traditional surgical methods.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A mechanism of ischemic preconditioning during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Manifestation of ischemic preconditioning and its mechanisms during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was evaluated. Twenty-two patients with angina pectoris, who had one-vessel coronary artery disease of the proximal left anterior descending artery but without visual collateral circulation, underwent elective PTCA performed by balloon inflations of 90 s, repeated three times or more. Changes in standard 12-lead electrocardiogram, hemodynamics and oxygen saturation of the great cardiac vein by a fiber-optic catheter were analyzed. Anginal chest pain occurred in 21 patients (95%) during the first balloon inflation, and in only 9 patients (41%) during the third inflation. In comparison with the first inflation, the third produced less shifts in ST junction (p < 0.01) and peak T (p < 0.01), which were measured and averaged by 4 chest leads from V2 to V5. The heart rate-blood pressure product during the third inflation was equivalent to that during the first. The great cardiac vein oxygen saturation decreased equally during the first and third inflations. However, the ratio of the saturation at reactive hyperemia after balloon deflation to baseline was higher (p < 0.01) in the third than in the first inflation. The adenosine content of the great cardiac vein measured in 11 patients just prior to balloon deflation was also higher (p < 0.05) in the third inflation than the value in the first. Repeated coronary artery occlusion during PTCA could cause ischemic preconditioning, which may be derived from mechanisms common to accelerated reactive hyperemia, for example an increase in intrinsic adenosine levels.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy.

We report a 30-year-old woman who developed an acute myocardial infarction at 24 weeks of gestation. She did not undergo any kind of acute intervention. On the 8th hospital day, premature delivery was performed safely following premature rupture of membrane. Coronary angiogram was normal and no spasm was induced by provocative test with ergometrine maleate. The patient had abnormal values of fibrinogen, thrombin-antithrombin III complex and plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex. Thus, thrombus formation might have been associated with the onset of acute myocardial infarction. This is the first case of acute myocardial infarction during pregnancy, showing normal coronary angiogram and negative pharmacological provocation of coronary spasm.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microinsemination of rabbit oocytes with heat-treated sperm: embryonic development.

A study was conducted to evaluate the ability of rabbit oocyte to develop to the pronuclear stage and subsequent development if injected with heat-treated sperm. The rate of fertilization of eggs after microinjection of cauda epididymal spermatozoa heated at 60 degrees C for 30 min was 36%; the rate of cleavage was 24%. The rate of fertilization after microinjection of heat-treated sperm nuclei was 43%; the rate of cleavage was 26%. On the other hand, the rate of fertilization of eggs injected with sperm without heat treatment was 43%, the rate of cleavage was 29%, and there was no difference between eggs microinjected with heat-treated spermatozoa or sperm nuclei and those not heat treated. Of the viable eggs injected with heat-treated sperm, 16% developed to the 6- to 8-cell stage 72 h after injection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of semen characteristics with acrosin, hyaluronidase, tubulin, dynein, and actin of spermatozoa.

The distribution of acrosin (AC), hyaluronidase (HY), tubulin (TU), dynein (DY), and actin (ACT) has been examined by indirect immunofluorescent measurement in sperm preparations from infertile patients to investigate the sperm fertilizing ability. The fluorescence scores were determined by the chromatically positive rates of each antibodies. In cases in which semen showed lower concentration (oligozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia), the scores of these proteins were all significantly lower than those of normozoospermia. In cases in which semen showed lower motility (asthenozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia), the scores of AC, HY, TU, and ACT were significantly less. In semen that contained numerous morphologically abnormal spermatozoa, TU and ACT exhibited a significant reduction. These results indicate that sperm productibility may be involved in all proteins and that less-motile and morphologically abnormal spermatozoa are involved in structural or functional disorder of the proteins constituting the tail. The normality of these fluorescence scores showed a good correlation with pregnancy rate, but semen analysis did not show any correlation with pregnancy rate. It would appear that this immunofluorescent procedure has an advantage over semen analysis and yields useful information on sperm fertilizing ability.

Acrosin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs for patients with stage III or IV uterine cervical cancer treated with radical radiation therapy.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs in patients with stage III or IV uterine cervical cancer treated with radical radiation therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients with advanced (stage IIIA, 2; IIIB, 28; IVA, 3) uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma were randomized into a concurrent intra-arterial infusion of platinum drugs with radiation therapy (IAPRT) group (18 patients) and a radiation therapy alone group (15 patients). After altering intrapelvic blood flow by embolization of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries under pelvic angiography, intra-arterial infusion of platinum drug through catheters inserted into both internal iliac arteries was performed concurrently with radiation therapy. One-shot infusion of cisplatin (100 mg/m2) twice with a 2- to 3-week interval was performed in eight patients, weekly infusion of carboplatin (100 mg/m2) via a reservoir five to six times was performed in four patients, and daily shot of cisplatin (10 mg/body) or 21 days via a reservoir was performed in six patients. Radiation therapy consisted of external-beam irradiation of 50 Gy/25 fractions/5 weeks for the whole pelvis with midline block after 30 Gy and intracavitary high-dose-rate brachytherapy using tandem and ovoids of 24 Gy/4 fractions/4 weeks to point A. RESULTS: The local complete response rate of the IAPRT group was 94% and was significantly higher than that of the radiation therapy group (67%). There were no significant differences in local response in the three drug delivery methods. Two- and 5-year overall survival rates were 54.5% and 44.4% in the IAPRT group, and 74.5% and 50.0% in the radiation therapy group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. In the IAPRT group, grade 3 or 4 acute bowel complications were seen in 33% of patients, grade 3 or 4 late bowel complications were seen 44%, and grade 3 or 4 myelosuppression was seen in 33%, and these complications were seen more in the IAPRT group than in the radiation therapy group and caused death in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: IAPRT had a better local response than radiation therapy but showed no proof of control over recurrence and had a poorer survival than radiation therapy. There were many local recurrences and distant metastases, contrary to the better first response of the IAPRT group over the radiation therapy group. Complications of the IAPRT group were very severe and made the patient's performance status and prognosis worse than in the radiation therapy group. We need to design some methods to decrease these complications to make use of the good local response acquired with IAPRT. Furthermore, we should re-examine the indication of IAPRT in patients with a large tumor because local recurrence and distant metastasis would be inevitable.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

IgE rheumatoid factor in a case of rheumatoid arthritis with pleuritis.

IgE rheumatoid factor (RF) was detected in sera from 4 out of approximately 100 rheumatoid patients using a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All 4 patients had extraarticular lesions. A quantitative analysis revealed that over 60% of total IgE in the serum and pleural fluid from a rheumatoid patient with pleuritis had RF activity. The changes in the level of serum IgE RF in our case paralleled the disease activity. This study suggests that IgE RF may play some role in the pathogenesis of certain extraarticular features of RA.

Absorption↗