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Biomedical subjects

K Horiuchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Horiuchi.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Regional hemodynamic effects of betaxolol, a new selective beta 1-blocker, and atenolol in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Betaxolol is a new beta-blocker that has been reported to have beta 1-selectivity, and it is devoid of both membrane stabilizing action and intrinsic sympathomimetic action. The effects of betaxolol on systemic and regional hemodynamics were examined in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by a microsphere method and compared with the effects of atenolol. A single oral administration of betaxolol at 1 and 10 mg/kg decreased the mean arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner. At the same doses, atenolol also showed a similar but weak hypotensive effect. Both of these drugs at the high dose decreased cardiac output and heart rate and at the low dose, did not. Total peripheral resistance decreased by only betaxolol at the low dose. Betaxolol showed a tendency to normalize the hemodynamic abnormalities which were observed in the kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal tract of SHR, while atenolol did not. It should be noted that betaxolol increased the flow rate in the kidney, which may be explained by its direct vasodilatory action on renal blood vessels. In conclusion, betaxolol showed an antihypertensive action at the doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg, exhibited the characteristics of a beta 1-blocker and produced preferable effects on regional hemodynamics in SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical studies on Kock continent urinary reservoir and Indiana continent urinary reservoir].

Recently, the continent urinary reservoir which provides the patient with a better quality of life has become popular. Many types of reservoirs have been reported, but the optimal procedure remains to be established. From July 1987 through November 1988, we performed Kock pouch construction on 11 patients (ages 39 to 76 years). Between July 1989 and March 1991, 9 patients (ages 44 to 66 years) underwent Indiana pouch operation. The first 4 patients underwent ileal patch type, and the subsequent 5 underwent Heineke-Mikulicz type procedure. A one-stage radical cystectomy and continent urinary reservoir construction was performed on 19 patients, and bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy was converted to Kock pouch in one patient. There were no perioperative deaths, but reoperation was required for urinary leakage from the reservoir on one patient in each group. As the late complications in the Kock pouch group, one patient required revisional operation of the continent valve mechanism, 2 patients experienced intermittent prolapse of the nipple valve of the efferent limb, and 2 had malfunction of the afferent nipple valve. In the Indiana pouch group unilateral hydronephrosis was noticed in one patient, and 4 had mild difficulty of catheterization. Although 3 patients in both groups had mild urinary leakage, all patients had good quality of life with capacity of reservoir over 500 ml and with good renal function. We changed the type of operative procedure from Kock pouch to Indiana pouch because of the high complication ratio in the former.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Determining zinc coproporphyrin in maternal plasma--a new method for diagnosing amniotic fluid embolism.

We measured the concentration of zinc coproporphyrin I (ZnCP-I), a characteristic component of meconium, in maternal plasma by fluorometry after HPLC. We obtained plasma samples from 89 women: 35 at weeks 10-40 of normal pregnancy, 41 shortly after normal delivery, 4 from patients with amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), and 9 from non-AFE patients with intra- or postpartum shock caused by genital bleeding. The plasma ZnCP-I concentration was 97 (SD 83, range 38-240) nmol/L in the AFE patients, 11 (SD 9.2) nmol/L in the non-AFE patients, 12 (SD 7.9) nmol/L during normal pregnancy, and 26 (SD 10) nmol/L shortly after normal delivery. We suggest that measuring ZnCP-I in maternal plasma by fluorometry on HPLC is a rapid, noninvasive, and sensitive method for diagnosing AFE and propose 35 nmol/L as the cutoff value for the ZnCP-I concentration in maternal plasma for the diagnosis of AFE.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A 60-kDa phosphorylated protein from fetal human bone.

A phosphorylated protein was isolated and purified from fetal human bone. Fetal and adult human bones were decalcified with EDTA, and the extract from the fetal bone was fractionated using Q-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography. The fraction containing Ser(P) was purified by Sephacryl S-200 molecular sieving and C4 reverse-phase HPLC. The purified protein had a molecular weight of 60000 on SDS-PAGE, where the protein was stained with Rhodamine-B. The amino acid composition of this protein was different from any other reported phosphorylated proteins in human bone. However, this phosphorylated protein was difficult to detect in the adult bone extract on SDS-PAGE.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Differentiation of oka varicella vaccine strain from wild varicella-zoster virus strains isolated from vaccinees and household contact.

The Oka varicella vaccine strain can be differentiated from wild-type strains by its unique restriction endonuclease fingerprinting (REFP: HpaI-K and EcoRI-P) pattern of the gpV-coding region of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) genome. VZV-DNAs from patients with complicated clinical courses related to vaccination were examined to determine whether they were vaccine-derived or wild-type. A virus was isolated from a one year-old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) who developed typical varicella 28 days after vaccination (case A). Another virus was isolated from a four-year-old boy without clinical symptoms following household contact with varicella patients at the age of two months, and he developed zoster 14 months after vaccination (case B). Also, two strains (OK1 and OK2) were isolated from household contacts (mother and sister) with a vaccine with ALL in Oklahoma who developed varicella 18 days after vaccination (case C). In case C, BgII-REFP did not determine conclusively whether the two strains (OK1 and OK2) were vaccine-derived or wild-type because the patterns obtained were different from both the Oka varicella vaccine strain and American wild-type strains [Gelb et al., Journal of Infectious Diseases, 155:633-640, 1987]. All VZV strains examined in the present study were identified as wild-type by our method using HpaI-K and EcoRI-P fragments as marker fragments. Thus it is becoming evident that REFP using HpaI and EcoRI endonucleases is a convenient and reliable means of distinguishing between the Oka vaccine virus strain and wild-type viruses isolated from individuals developing vesicular rashes shortly and long after varicella vaccination.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

Histologic and immunohistologic diversity of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of lymph node origin.

To examine whether nodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) share common features in every nodal site, histologic and immunohistologic findings were analyzed site by site. Cases selected were nodal NHL of neck (17 cases), submandibular (10 cases), inguinal (9 cases), and abdominal cavity (22 cases). No significant differences in age distribution were found. A slight female preponderance was present in cases with inguinal NHL. Histologic and immunohistologic findings showed that nodal NHL were heterogeneous; (1) T-cell type was frequent in the neck but exceptional in other sites, (2) frequency of high-grade tumors was much higher in the intra-abdominal cavity but low in other sites, and (3) follicular lymphoma was common in the submandibular and inguinal regions. Previous studies indicated that histologic and/or immunologic types of NHL correlated with pathogenesis of lymphoma; EB virus and HTLV-1 for B and T lymphomagenesis, respectively, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for development of high-grade tumors. The present results may provide an insight to consider as a possible pathogenesis of NHL.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Histiocytic neoplasias: immunohistochemical evaluation of their frequencies among malignant lymphoma and related conditions in Japan.

Through histologic review of 1,766 cases with malignant lymphoma and related conditions, 35 cases (2%) were selected as probable histiocytic neoplasias. Proliferating cells in these cases had voluminous, granulated cytoplasm, and round to irregularly shaped nuclei often with bi- or multinucleated forms showing monomorphous or polymorphous proliferation accompanying small lymphocytes, plasma cells, and, less frequently, eosinophils. Cases showing proliferation of convoluted cells with numerous benign-appearing histiocytes or large cells with clear cytoplasm were excluded under a diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma. To evaluate the immunologic character of proliferating cells, immunohistochemistry using antibodies Mx-Pan B, MB-1, MT-1, UCHL-1, lysozyme, alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, S-100 alpha, S-100 beta, Leu M1, epithelial membrane antigen, and Ki-1 were carried out in 23 cases. Naphthol-ASD-chloracetate reaction and toluidine blue stain were also performed. These procedures revealed that 12 cases (52%) were B-cell type, three cases (13%) T-cell type, six cases (26%) true histiocytic type, and two cases null type. Therefore, the frequency of cases with true histiocytic neoplasias among cases with malignant lymphoma and related conditions in Japan may be 0.5%.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma: its frequency and characteristics in Japan.

The nature of intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma (ILL) in Japan was investigated. For this purpose, we have reviewed 1,766 cases of malignant lymphoma and related diseases, and 38 cases were selected as ILL. In two cases, small lymphoid cells proliferated as a wide mantle of atrophic secondary follicles. The frequency of ILL in nodal and extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was 3.4% and 3.9%, respectively. The frequency was high in orbit and salivary gland lymphomas; two out of three cases and one out of six cases, respectively. Age range (median) and sex ratio (M:F) in nodal and extranodal cases were 34-65 (52) years and 2.1:1 and 22-82 (61) years and 1.1:1, respectively. The majority of nodal ILL presented as systemic disease, but extranodal ILL usually presented as localized disease. ILL when treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy had a favorable prognosis, the 5-year survival rate was 82%.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Search for polynuclear pentavalent technetium complex of dimercaptosuccinic acid [Tc(V)-DMS] tumour localization mechanism. I. Medullary thyroid carcinoma animal model.

To search for the tumour localization mechanism of Tc(V)-DMS, a polynuclear pentavalent technetium complex of dimercaptosuccinic acid [Tc(V)-DMS], the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) bearing mouse model was considered. Subcutaneously transplanted tumour was allowed to grow for 2, 4 and 6 weeks, and the influence of the tumour stage on the biodistribution of Tc(V)-DMS was screened. High radioactivity uptake in the tumour tissue was observed, and this accumulation showed a direct correlation with tumour growth and calcitonin secretion, the MTC marker detectable in the blood serum. The gathered data implicated some calcitonin-related factors as the mediator in the Tc(V)-DMS localization; participation of a phosphate-like oxoanion, TcO4(3-), is strongly suggested not only by the high radioactivity accumulation in the calcitonin-producing tumour but also by the accumulation in the bones of this model animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Fluorophores from aging human articular cartilage.

Human articular cartilages of various ages were digested with collagenase, and the fluorescence of the digests was measured as a function of age. At acidic pH, all collagenase-treated fractions were found to contain two main fluorophores with fluorescence maxima at 395 and 385 nm (excitation at 295 and 335 nm, respectively). Each fluorophore was isolated from the hydrolysate and its structure was deduced from spectral and chemical data. The 395/295 nm fluorophore was identified as pyridinoline, which is one of the non-reducible cross-linkages in collagen. The 385/335 nm fluorophore was identical to pentosidine, which was isolated from human dura mater and characterized by Sell and Monnier in 1989. Our results showed that the amount of pentosidine per collagen in human articular cartilage increases linearly with age (r = 0.929, p less than 0.005), while the amount of pyridinoline per collagen remained constant and was not correlated with age (r = 0.20). On the other hand, the amount of pentosidine per pyridinoline increased exponentially during life (r2 = 0.839, p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The mutH gene regulates the replication and methylation of the pMB1 origin.

DNA methylation is known to regulate several prokaryotic replication origins. In particular, the Escherichia coli chromosomal origin oriC and the pMB1 plasmid origin (which is homologous to the ColE1 origin) replicate poorly when hemimethylated at dam (GATC) sites. Because the mismatch repair protein MutH is known to recognize hemimethylated dam sites, its role in the replication of these origins was investigated. The results presented here show that the mutH gene product is partially responsible for the poor replication of the pMB1 origin when hemimethylated but has no effect on the replication of oriC. Methylation levels at individual dam sites suggest that the MutH protein binds to an inverted repeat in the pMB1 replication primer promoter. These findings suggest a mechanism for the coordinated control of DNA repair and replication.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Photodynamic therapy using pheophorbide a and Nd:YAG laser.

The authors describe a new photodynamic therapy (PDT) method for malignant brain tumors. Pheophorbide a (Ph-a), the photosensitizer, has low toxicity, causes no skin sensitization and is activated with an acoustic Q switched neodymium yttrium-argon-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser which achieves deep tissue penetration. The Ph-a distribution in Fisher 344 (F344) rats bearing rat T9 glioma at 24 hours after intravenous injection was very low in the normal brain tissue, but significantly higher in the T9 glioma giving a tumor to normal brain tissue concentration ratio of 7.5:1. The in vitro survival rate of T9 glioma cells pretreated with Ph-a was 68.8 +/- 5.4% after laser irradiation for 20 minutes, significantly lower than in the control groups. This indicates that Ph-a was activated with the acoustic Q switched Nd:YAG laser causing the photodynamic effect. The survival rate after Ph-a pretreatment and laser irradiation in a waterbath at 44.0 degrees C was further reduced to 15.8 +/- 3.3%. In vivo PDT studies using T9 glioma cells inoculated into the dorsal region of F344 rats showed tumor eradication in four of six rats. The combination of PDT and laser hyperthermia produced tumor eradication in all six rats. The combination of PDT and hyperthermia is a promising method for tumor treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Isolation and characterization of zinc coproporphyrin I: a major fluorescent component in meconium.

We isolated a substance from an organic extract of meconium (in neutral pH) that exhibited a porphyrin-like fluorescence peak at 580 nm on excitation at 405 nm and deduced its structure. Spectrometric data suggest that the substance is not free coproporphyrin I or free coproporphyrin III, but is a chelate of coproporphyrin I with Zn2+. We also detected a chelate of coproporphyrin III with Zn2+ by HPLC. These substances may be useful as new indicators of the presence of meconium.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1991

A case of primary systemic amyloidosis with AA protein.

We present here a case of young adult-onset primary systemic amyloidosis with AA protein. A 29-year-old male presenting with macrohematuria was transferred to our hospital because of aggravation of renal function. Amyloid protein was detected in the bladder, stomach and thyroid. The amyloid protein proved to be AA type by potassium permanganate histochemical analysis. Since secondary amyloidosis was excluded by the laboratory data and there was no family history of amyloidosis, a diagnosis of primary systemic amyloidosis with AA protein was reached. Although the patient was prescribed dimethyl sulphoxide, his renal function worsened with gastrocolic symptoms and a bleeding tendency. Hemodialysis (HD) was then initiated. After starting the HD, the patient's general condition recovered and subsequently the patient on treatment with maintenance HD was discharged.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Morphology of sickle cells produced in solutions of varying osmolarities.

The effect of varying osmolarities (0.6% to 1.5% NaCl solutions, 213 to 492 mOsm/kg H2O) on the morphology of deoxygenated sickle cells was studied quantitatively with a computer-assisted image analysis system. Discocyte-rich, less dense fractions of sickle cells (density less than or equal to 1.11) were suspended in buffered NaCl solutions (pH 7.4) of various osmolarities, deoxygenated at room temperature for up to 5 hours, and stained by Wright's solution. Microscopic images were analyzed by circular shape factor (CSF = 4 pi x [area]/[perimeter]2) and elliptical shape factor (ESF = [short axis]/[long axis]). Since these two parameters yield different values for elongated cells and for cells of other shapes, such as maple-leaf- or star-shaped cells, the morphologic changes of sickle cells can be analyzed numerically. We found that both the rate and the degree of deformation depended highly on the osmotic pressure of the media in which the cells were suspended. In hypertonic solution, most sickle cells assumed a maple-leaf shape. The deformation occurred quickly, but the degree of deformation (circular shape factor and elliptical shape factor) was lower than that found in isotonic and slightly hypotonic solutions. Although elongated cells were formed in hypotonic and isotonic solutions, deformation was slower in these solutions than in hypertonic solutions. These results indicate that the shape and the degree of deformation of deoxygenated sickle cells are highly dependent on the osmolarity of the suspending medium and that the rate of deformation is inversely related to osmolarity. The relationship between morphology of deoxygenated sickle cells and osmotic pressure of the suspending media is discussed.

Buffers↗
PubMed1991

A comparative trial of the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids. Outcome in 3- to 8-month-old infants, 9- to 23-month-old infants and children, and 24- to 30-month-old children.

The reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the Takeda acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were compared in 139 infants aged 3 to 8 months, 60 infants and children aged 9 to 23 months, and 99 children aged 24 to 30 months. Good antibody responses to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), and agglutinogens occurred in all age groups after both the third and fourth doses. After the fourth (booster) dose, the mean antibody values in initially seronegative infants vaccinated at 3 to 8 months of age were as follows: anti-PT, 67.8 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units (EU) per milliliter; anti-FHA, 149.5 EU/mL; the agglutinin titer was 125.6. The values in initially seronegative children vaccinated at 24 to 30 months of age were as follows: anti-PT, 92.9 EU/mL; anti-FHA, 251.7 EU/mL; the agglutinin titer was 275.8. Reactions following immunization were minimal. Except for drowsiness after the first dose in infants, there were no clinically significant differences in reactions between infants and older children. The findings in this study coupled with the recent demonstration of efficacy of this vaccine in 2-year-old children supports the recent Japanese recommendation to lower the age of immunization with acellular pertussis vaccine combined with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids to 3 months.

Anorexia↗