Successful treatment of epidural abscess with a percutaneously introduced 4-French catheter for drainage.
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Abscess↗
Biomedical subjects
K Hori
Publications and source records attributed to K Hori.
Diminished salt appetite in spontaneously hypertensive rats following local administration of the angiotensin II antagonist saralasin in the median preoptic area.
Previous studies have suggested that angiotensin (ANG) synthesis, receptor activation, or both, in the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) are responsible for initiating ANG-related salt appetite in normotensive rats. The present study was designed to test whether treatment with saralasin (Sar), an ANG II antagonist, in the MnPO area causes changes in saline (0.3 M NaCl solution) and water intakes in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), which is known to show greater salt appetite compared to normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Treatment with Sar in the MnPO area produced significantly attenuated saline intake, but had no effect on water intake. The results may support the importance of the ANG system in the MnPO area for salt appetite, and suggest that a disorder in the system may cause abnormal salt intake in SHR.
Angiotensin II↗
Contribution of cell proliferative activity to malignancy potential in testicular seminoma.
Testicular anaplastic seminoma, which has a high mitotic activity, is regarded as more malignant than typical seminoma, although its prognosis is still unclear. To determine whether seminoma with relatively greater malignancy potential can be identified based on the cell proliferative activity, the mitotic rate (MR; mitotic count per high-power field), mitotic index (MI; mitotic count per 1000 cells), Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI; the percentage of positive cells) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen LI (PCNA LI; the percentage of positive cells) were histologically examined in 44 patients. The MI, Ki-67 LI and PCNA LI in patients with metastatic disease were significantly higher than those in patients without metastatic disease, and the MI in patients with fatal disease was significantly higher than those in patients cured of the disease. However, these distributions of the MI, Ki-67 LI and PCNA LI values overlapped for both pairs of groups. There were no significant differences in the MR. These results suggest that the cell proliferative activity makes a small contribution to the malignancy potential in testicular seminoma, with the activity being not necessarily indicative of metastasis and prognosis.
Adolescent↗
Immunohistochemical analysis of the nm23 gene products in testicular seminoma.
The nm23 gene has been identified as a metastasis suppressor gene. To clarify the role of nm23 as a metastasis suppressor gene in testicular seminoma, the expression of the nm23-H1 and -H2 proteins (human nucleoside-diphosphate kinase-A and -B) was immunohistochemically examined in 43 patients. Thirty-six (84%) and 21 (49%) of the 43 primary tumors were positive for the nm23-H1 and -H2 proteins, respectively. There was no significant difference in either nm23-H1 or -H2 expression between the 24 primary non-invasive tumors and the 19 primary invasive tumors, or between the 31 primary tumors without metastasis and the 12 primary tumors with metastasis. In all, and 5 of 6 metastatic tumors, the expression of nm23-H1 and -H2 proteins was observed, respectively, and the expression was not decreased in the metastatic tumors, compared to the primary tumors. In conclusion, the immunohistochemical expression of both the nm23-H1 and -H2 gene products is not associated with the metastatic status or the invasive status of testicular seminoma, and it is unlikely to be a useful non-metastatic indicator for testicular seminoma. Further studies are needed to elucidate the biological role of nm23.
Adolescent↗
Testicular seminoma with human chorionic gonadotropin production.
Testicular seminoma with elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin level (hCG-positive seminoma) is regarded as more malignant than marker-negative seminoma, although its prognosis is still unclear. To clarify the malignant potential of seminoma with hCG production, the serum levels of the beta subunit of hCG (beta-hCG) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were examined in 35 and 40 patients, respectively, and the immunohistochemical expression of beta-hCG examined in 45 tumors. The elevation of the LDH serum level correlated to the invasive status, metastatic status and poor outcome, while that of the serum beta-hCG level correlated only to the metastatic status. Immunohistochemical expression of beta-hCG was observed in syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells in 11 tumors and a few mononuclear seminoma cells in 36 tumors. Expression was not associated with the malignancy potential, except where the expression in mononuclear cells inversely correlated to the invasive status. These results suggest that most seminomas produce a slight amount of hCG; that an elevated hCG serum level indicates the presence of metastatic tumors and mainly reflects an increase in tumor volume but not in cellular malignancy potential; and that the LDH serum level, rather than hCG, is more useful as a prognostic indicator for patients with seminoma.
Adolescent↗
Medicinal foodstuffs. VII. On the saponin constituents with glucose and alcohol absorption-inhibitory activity from a food garnish "Tonburi", the fruit of Japanese Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.: structures of scoparianosides A, B, and C.
The methanolic extract of a food garnish "Tonburi", the fruit of Japanese kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. (Chenopodiaceae), was found to inhibit the increase in serum glucose-loaded rats. Through bioassay-guided separation, momordin Ic and its 2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside were isolated as the active principles from this medicinal foodstuff together with three new saponins named scoparianosides A, B, and C. The structures of scoparianosides A, B, and C were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence as 3 beta, 22 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12en-28-oic acid (22 alpha-hydroxyoleanolic acid), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, 3 beta-hydroxyolean -18-en-28-oic acid (morolic acid), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 3)-beta-D -glucopyranosiduronic acid, and 3 beta-hydroxyolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid, 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranoxyl(1 --> 3) -beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid. Momordin Ic and its 2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, both of which are the principal saponin constituents of this medicinal foodstuffs, were found to potently inhibit glucose and ethanol absorption in rats.
Animals↗
A large right coronary artery-left ventricle fistula with mild volume overload on the left ventricle owing to its capacitive action--pulsed Doppler and cineangiographic analyses in a patient.
A 54-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a heart murmur without subjective symptoms. Angiography disclosed an enlarged right coronary artery and flow drainage into the left ventricle, ie, a large right coronary artery-left ventricle fistula. Analysis of pulsed Doppler studies and cineangiograms indicated considerable capacitance of this fistula owing to Windkessel action, which attenuated volume overload on the left ventricle. The features in this case suggest that evaluation of fistula hemodynamics is important in determining the overload on the ventricle through the fistula.
Blood Flow Velocity↗
[Coronary artery bypass grafting using arterial grafts in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis requiring steroid therapy].
We report a 58-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who underwent successful coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for stable angina after myocardial infarction. He had been receiving prednisolone for 9 years. Selective coronary angiography revealed 99% stenosis in the left anterior descending branch (LAD; seg. 6). Before going on cardiopulmonary bypass, the inferior epigastric artery (IEA) was anastomosed to the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) in end-to-side fashion. The LITA was anastomosed to LAD (seg. 7) and the IEA was anastomosed to the first diagonal branch (seg. 9). The postoperative course was uneventful and postoperative angiography showed both grafts were well patent. He is now doing well with no angina attack. The stumps of the LITA and IEA were examined pathologically with the atherosclerotic changes of both grafts relatively mild. We consider the arterial grafts are useful for CABG even in the patient with RA requiring steroid therapy.
Angina Pectoris↗
[Effect of nitrous oxide on spinal dorsal horn WDR neuronal activity in cats].
The effects of nitrous oxide (75%) on the spinal dorsal born wide dynamic range (WDR) neuronal activity were studied in either spinal cord intact or spinal cord-transected cats. Extracellular activity was recorded in the dorsal horn from single WDR neurons responding to noxious and non-noxious stimuli applied to the cutaneous receptive fields on the left bind foot pads of intact or decerebrate, spinal cord-transected (L 1-2) cats. The experiment was divided into four sections as follows: (1) When 10 micrograms of bradykinin (BK) was injected into the femoral artery ipsilateral to the recording site as the noxious test stimulus in the spinal cord-transected cat, all of 6 WDR neurons gave excitatory responses which were not depressed by 75% nitrous oxide. (2) When the injection of 10 micrograms of BK into the femoral artery ipsilateral to the recording site was used in the spinal cord-intact cat, 6 of 15 WDR neurons (40%) gave excitatory responses, which were significantly depressed by 75% nitrous oxide, and 9 of 15 WDR neurons (60%) gave inhibitory responses, which were not affected by 75% nitrous oxide. (3) When 10 micrograms of bradykinin (BK) was injected into the femoral artery contralateral to the recording site as the noxious test stimulus in the spinal cord transected cat, 6 of 12 WDR neurons gave excitatory reasons, which were not depressed by 75% nitrous oxide. (4) When the injection of 10 micrograms of BK into the femoral artery contralateral to the recording site was used in the spinal cord-intact cat, 6 of 6 WDR neurons (100%) gave responses, which were affected by 75% nitrous oxide. We have observed that nitrous oxide reduces the excitation and inhibition of dorsal born WDR neuronal activities induced by BK injection in spinal cord-intact cats, but does not reduce the excitation of those in spinal cord-transected cats. This finding confirmed that the antinociceptive effect of nitrous oxide might be modulated by supraspinal descending inhibitory control systems. In addition our result showed that the supraspinal effect of nitrous oxide was mediated not only by an increase but also a decrease in a supraspinal descending inhibition.
Action Potentials↗
[The effects of isoflurane on the formalin-induced activity in the spinal dorsal horn of transected cat].
Although the formalin test is widely used in rodents, the electrical response to this stimulus and the effect of isoflurane on this response, has not been well understood in cats. We have therefore examined the effect of isoflurane on spinal wide-dynamic-range neuronal activity evoked by a subcutaneous (s.c.) formalin injection in cats. In decerebrate, spinal cord-transected cats (L 1-2), a s.c. injection of formaldehyde solution (0.05 ml; 5%) was performed in the receptive fields of spinal wide-dynamic-range neurons at the hind paw. Isoflurane (1.5%) inhalation was given 20 mins prior to formalin injection or 5 mins after the formalin injection. The formalin injection elicited an immediate and continuous discharge or burst activity in the neurons that lasted at least 90 min. Inhaled isoflurane was found to markedly inhibit this neuronal discharge. At 30 mins after discontinuing of isoflurane, the neuronal activity in both groups recovered to approximately 55% of the control value. These results suggest that formalin injection will reliably produce a continuous burst of neuronal activity in the spinal dorsal horn of cats, and that this activity can be markedly reduced by isoflurane. The ability of isoflurane to inhibit this neuronal response was not temporally related to the formalin injection.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Acetylcholine in the hippocampus during the discrimination learning performance in a rat model of chronic cerebral ischaemia.
Acetylcholine (ACh) release in the hippocampus of Wistar strain rats with permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries was examined during a discrimination learning task using a microdialysis method. Such occlusion resulted in obvious impairment of the discrimination performance. The state, the basal value and released patterns, of ACh in the hippocampus differed in the sham-operated control and the experimental group, while ACh release was elevated during the dialysis experiment in both groups. These findings suggested that the bilateral occlusion produced persistent learning deficits from an early stage after the operation and that the impaired discrimination learning performance might be related to the diffusion of ACh in the hippocampus.
Acetylcholine↗
Platelet aggregation is inhibited by phycolectins.
Lectins from four marine algal species were examined for interaction with human platelets. The lectin designated hypnin A, from the red alga Hypnea japonica, inhibited adenosine diphosphate (ADP)- or collagen-induced human platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Complete inhibition was observed at concentrations of 100 and 5 micrograms/ml of the lectin with ADP (2 microM) and collagen (0.2 microgram/ml)-induced platelet aggregation, respectively. At the inhibitory concentration of 0.5 to 100 micrograms/ml, the lectin did not induce aggregation of resting platelets. Lectins from the other three algal species also inhibited ADP-induced human platelet aggregation. These results indicate that the algal lectins are a new group of inhibitors and may be useful to study glycoconjugates on platelet membranes and to design novel platelet aggregation inhibitors.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Timing of cancer chemotherapy based on circadian variations in tumor tissue blood flow.
Blood flows of normal tissues (subcutis, liver, kidney cortex, bone marrow) and tumor tissues (SLC) were measured during a daytime period (3-9 HALO) and a nighttime period (15-21 HALO) by the hydrogen clearance technique. Rats were subjected to an artificial light-dark cycle with light from 7 A.M. to 7 P.M. In all normal tissues, there were no significant differences between average tissue blood flows in 2 different time zones, while tumor tissue blood flow increased significantly in the nighttime. Based on this functional characteristic of tumor microcirculation, anti-tumor effects were compared between a group in which ADM was administered at 4 HALO and a group in which it was administered at 16 HALO. The therapeutic effect of ADM on rats administered at 16 HALO was significantly greater, particularly in large tumors, than that on rats administered at 4 HALO. The main reason for this therapeutic improvement may be due to the selective increase in delivery of anti-cancer drugs to tumor tissues brought about by a circadian increase in tumor tissue blood flow.
Animals↗
New gene, nel, encoding a Mr 91 K protein with EGF-like repeats is strongly expressed in neural tissues of early stage chick embryos.
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Amino Acid Sequence↗
Monoclonal anti-human aldolase C antibodies that react to the isozyme group-specific sequences and generally conserved sequences of human aldolase C1.
Nine monoclonal mouse anti-human aldolase C antibodies, mAbs A4, A8, B4, B7, B8, C1, D9, E10, and H1, were isolated and characterized. These mAbs fall substantially into four groups according to their reactivity with antigens. (i) Human aldolase C-specific mAbs (B8, D9, and H1). (ii) Type C aldolase-specific mAbs (B4 and E10). (iii) Ubiquitous mAbs, which react with vertebrate aldolases irrespective of type of isozyme and species (A4 and B7). (iv) Sub-ubiquitous mAbs, which are closely similar to the ubiquitous mAbs but differ slightly in terms of antigenic specificity (A8 and C1). Aldolase C-specific mAbs B8, H1, B4, and E10, but not D9, have their epitopes on a region within amino acid positions 79-193 of antigens, where the type-C isozyme group-specific sequence-3 (IGS-3) is situated. In contrast, ubiquitous mAbs A4 and B7 and sub-ubiquitous mAb A8 may have their epitopes on the commonly conserved regions of the three isozyme groups. The epitope of sub-ubiquitous mAb C1 appears to be on the IGS-2/3 but this is yet to be resolved. These nine mAbs can be classified into two groups based on the mode of epitope recognition, which was determined by ELISA, immunoblotting, and immunoprecipitation assays: (i) primary sequence-epitope mAbs such as B4, E10, and B7; and (ii) conformation-epitope mAbs (B8, D9, H1, A4, A8, and C1). Among these mAbs, aldolase C-specific mAbs H1 and E10 appear to be useful as probes for detection of conformational change around the type-C IGS-3 motif of human aldolase C because, when assessed by immunoprecipitation assay, mAb H1 reacts only with human aldolase C but not with CA250 and CA306, while mAb E10 reacts with CA250 and CA306 but not with aldolase C, even though these antigens have a common type-C IGS-3 motif. Similarly, the ubiquitous mAb B7 should serve as a probe for general use to detect vertebrate aldolases irrespective of isozyme groups and species.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Indonesian Medicinal Plants. XIV. Characterization of 3'-O-Caffeoylsweroside, a new secoiridoid glucoside, and kelampayosides A and B, two new phenolic apioglucosides, from the bark of Anthocephalus chinensis (Rubiaceae).
A new secoiridoid glucoside named 3'-O-caffeoylsweroside (1), and two new phenolic apioglucosides, named kelampayoside A (4) and kelampayoside B (6), together with eleven known compounds (five iridoids and six alkaloids), were isolated from the bark of Anthocephalus chinensis (Rubiaceae), an Indonesian medicinal plant from Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The chemical structures of 1, 4 and 6 have been elucidated respectively as 3'-O-caffeoylsweroside (1), antiarol 1-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), and antiarol 1-O-beta-D-5"-O-caffeoylapiofuransoyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (6) on the bases of their chemical and physiochemical properties. Among fourteen constituents characterized, cadambine (13), one of the major indole alkaloid constituents of A. chinensis, was shown to exhibit moderate growth-inhibitory activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum (a chloroquine-resistant K1 strain) cultured in human erythrocytes.
Animals↗
Nucleotide sequence of ribosomal protein L3 cDNA and the exon-intron structure of L3 gene in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.
A cDNA and a gene encoding the nematode (C. elegans) ribosomal protein L3 have been cloned and sequenced. The nearly full-length cDNA is 1255 bp in size except for the poly (A) tail. The encoded protein consists of 401 amino acids and has calculated molecular weight of 45,657 daltons. The gene sequence determined is 1649 bp and consists of four exons. The sequence of the nematode protein shows high homology to other eukaryotic proteins.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
[A case of effective chemotherapy by combination of 5'-DFUR and MMC for recurrent colon cancer with multiple liver metastasis].
A 63-year-old male had multiple liver metastasis about 7 months after right hemicolectomy. Combination chemotherapy of 5'-DFUR and MMC was started about 2 months after the diagnosis of recurrence. The abdominal US showed a remarkable decrease in size and number of liver metastatic foci 4 weeks after the beginning of this therapy. As this response was continued for 18 weeks by abdominal CT, this was considered to be a case of partial response (PR). We consider that the combination chemotherapy of 5'-DFUR and MMC is available for patient having recurrent colon cancer with multiple liver metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma↗