Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Honda

Publications and source records attributed to K Honda.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Relationship between substance P-induced initial transient contractions and inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in guinea pig ileum.

The effects of neomycin on substance P (SP)-induced inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and muscle contraction were studied in longitudinal smooth muscle of guinea pig ileum. Various tachykinin peptides including SP stimulated inositol phospholipid hydrolysis in guinea pig ileum. Neomycin (2.5 mM) reduced both the contractions and the accumulation of [3H]inositol phosphates induced by SP. These results suggest that the initial transient contractions induced by SP are coupled to inositol phospholipid hydrolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Synthesis, resolution, and renal vasodilation activity of novel DA1 agonists: 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives.

7,8-Dihydroxy-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1) and 4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-8-methyl-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (2) are potent renal vasodilators which selectively stimulate DA1 (peripheral dopamine receptor-1) receptors. Especially, (S)-(-)-1 is the most potent. Its DA1 agonist activity is about 10 times stronger than dopamine for increasing renal blood flow in anesthetized dogs. The renal and cardiovascular effects of (S)-(-)-1 may be suitable for the treatment of patients with renal insufficiency, heart failure and hypertension.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Studies on the mechanism for the gastric mucosal protection by famotidine in rats.

The effect of famotidine on gastric lesions induced by the decrease in mucosal defensive resistance was investigated in rats and compared with those of cimetidine, pirenzepine and cetraxate. Famotidine (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited dose-dependently the development of gastric lesions produced by taurocholate-histamine in doses that suppressed histamine-induced acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. The H2-antagonist also prevented gastric mucosal lesions induced by taurocholate-serotonin, iodoacetamide, acidified aspirin and acidified ethanol. Cimetidine, pirenzepine and cetraxate showed the inhibitory effects on almost all types of the gastric lesions, but their inhibitory effects were much less potent than those of famotidine. On the other hand, famotidine inhibited the decreases of gastric mucosal blood flow induced by acidified ethanol and the mucosal contents of glycoprotein induced by water immersion restraint stress. In addition, famotidine increased the transgastric potential difference (PD) and promoted the recovery of decreased transgastric PD induced by acidified ethanol in rats. These results suggest that the preventive effect of famotidine on gastric lesions is attributable not only to suppression of acid secretion but to activation of the gastric mucosal defensive mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Antiemetic effects of YM060, a potent and selective serotonin (5HT)3-receptor antagonist, in ferrets and dogs.

YM060, (R)-5-[(1-methyl-3-indolyl)carbonyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-benzimidazole hydrochloride, is a new serotonin (5HT)3-receptor antagonist. We examined the effects of YM060 on chemotherapeutic agent-, apomorphine- and copper sulfate-induced emesis. Intravenous YM060 potently prevented cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced emesis with ED50 values of 0.06 (0.05-0.07) micrograms/kg, i.v. in ferrets. Based on the ED50 values, YM060 was 300, 20 and 100 times more potent than ondansetron, granisetron and the S-isomer of YM060, respectively. The relative potencies of these drugs described above were similar to those in the previously reported 5HT3-receptor antagonism. YM060 given orally also potently inhibited cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.)- and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced emesis in ferrets with ED50 values of 0.1 (0.09-0.11) and 0.02 (0.16-0.27) micrograms/kg, p.o., respectively. All tested 5HT3-receptor antagonists including YM060 failed to prevent apomorphine (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.)-induced emesis in dogs and copper sulfate (1%, 10 ml, p.o.)-induced emesis in ferrets. Our data indicate that YM060 is a highly potent inhibitor of chemotherapeutic agent-induced emesis and that the antiemetic effect of YM060 may be depend on 5HT3-receptor antagonism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Fulminant mycoplasma pneumoniae infection presenting with Stevens-Johnson syndrome & respiratory failure].

An 18-year-old man was admitted to Hamamatsu University Hospital on February 15, 1985, with high fever, vesicular and papular rash involving the skin and mouth, conjunctivitis, productive cough and dyspnea. A diagnosis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome was made by skin biopsy, and chest X-ray showed an infiltrate in the right lower lung filed. Despite treatment with corticosteroids and antibiotics, the mucocutaneous lesions did not heal, and the pneumonia progressed to both lung fields. Because the patient had developed dyspnea, a tracheotomy was performed, mechanical ventilatory support was instituted, and high-dose corticosteroid therapy was started. However, jaundice due to intrahepatic cholestasis, hematuria, hematochezia, sepsis, and subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema ensued, and the patient died of respiratory failure on March 1. Postmortem examination of the lung demonstrated diffuse alveolar damage. The complement-fixation titer for Mycoplasma was 1:64, compared with a level of less than 1:4 on admission. This case was though to be one of fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection presenting with Stevens-Johnson syndrome, respiratory failure and other extra-pulmonary complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Predictive factors of etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonia presenting at a district general hospital].

Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the major respiratory diseases causing hospital admission in previously healthy patients. Prompt and appropriate antibiotic selection is essential for recovery. The authors tried to determine the distribution of the etiologic agents of community-acquired pneumonias and to analyze predictive factors. Out of 188 cases of community-acquired pneumonia presenting to our hospital, etiologic agents were determined in 106 cases (56%). Twenty-nine cases were due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, 27 cases due to Mycoplasma, 17 cases due to Haemophilus influenzae and 21 cases due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis was the cause in 11% of all cases and the importance of pulmonary tuberculosis must be emphasized as a community-acquired pneumonia. Out of 58 cases under 50 years old, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the etiologic agent in 23 cases (40%) and S. pneumoniae in 7 cases (12%). Out of 62 cases not less than 70 years old. M. tuberculosis was the most common etiologic agent (15 cases, 24%). S. pneumoniae followed, being causative in 13 cases (21%). M. tuberculosis was the cause in 10 cases out of 31 cases who did not complain of fever at presentation. In 86 cases who did not show leukocytosis on admission, 21 cases were due to Mycoplasma (24%) and 15 cases were due to M. tuberculosis (17%). In particular 17 cases were due to Mycoplasma among 28 cases under 50 years old without leukocytosis (61%), and 11 cases were due to M. tuberculosis in the 27 cases no less than 70 years old without leukocytosis (41%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Five years' experience with new medical examiner's system in Tsukuba].

Medical examiner's system has been authorized by the act of Autopsy and preservation of corpses and the government ordinance for medical examiner's system since 1949 in Japan, and introduced only in five large cities (Tokyo metropolis, Osaka, Kobe, Yokohama, Nagoya). Recently in Ibaraki Prefecture, new forensic medical service system (Tsukuba Medical Examiner's office) was instituted. This new system is not authorized by the government ordinance, but authorized by the regional ordinance of Ibaraki prefectural governor, therefore this system is enforce only in Ibaraki prefecture. In our new system, medical examiner does not have discretionary power to order an autopsy, and family have a right to reject it, therefore an autopsy rate is very low (about 2%). One hundred and forty four autopsies have been conducted under this system. Ninety four of 144 autopsy cases (67%) were dead from sickness or natural death, in remaining 50 cases manner of death was accidental, suicidal or undetermined. The medical examiner does not conduct autopsies for criminal investigation or homicide cases in Ibaraki prefecture. These autopsies are conducted at the department of legal medicine, University of Tsukuba.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1991

[Cisplatin, doxorubicin and vindesine in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

Thirty-seven patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled to evaluate a combination chemotherapy of cisplatin (80 mg/m2), doxorubicin (30 mg/m2) and vindesine (2 mg/m2 x 3). The overall response rate was 27% with ten partial remission. The median survival of whole patients was 11.4 months. The calculation of median survival of the patients with partial remission has not been completed: nine of ten patients have been still alive during the follow-up period of 4 to 16 months. The survival of the patients with PR was significantly different from those of the patients with NC or PD. The major toxicity was myelosuppression. These results indicate that a combination chemotherapy with cisplatin, doxorubicin and vindesine is a moderately effective regimen against non-small cell lung cancer compared to others.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Postmortem determination of the biological distribution of formic acid in methanol intoxication.

Two 25-year-old men were fatally intoxicated with methanol. The formic acid levels in their blood, urine, and organs were determined postmortem by headspace gas chromatography. The postmortem concentrations of formic acid in the two patients were the following: 0.32 and 0.23 mg/mL in blood, 2.27 and 0.47 mg/mL in urine, 0.11 and 1.17 mg/g in the brain, 0.54 and 0.51 mg/g in the liver, and 0.13 and 1.19 mg/g in the kidneys. The total amounts of formic acid in the gastric contents were 108 and 23.2 mg.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of Klinefelter syndrome associated with lung cancer and RA lung].

A 50-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray. He had experienced pain and swelling in his fingers for three years. He had also noticed that he is impotent. The diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was established by clinical findings and chromosomal analysis. Transbronchial biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma and right upper lobectomy was performed. Open lung biopsy showed interstitial pneumonia. In conclusion, we reported a rare case of lung cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and RA lung associated with Klinefelter syndrome.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of the regulation of IgG production to Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen].

Genetic control of the immune response to Cryptomeria japonica pollen antigen (CPAg) in humans was analyzed using 72 unrelated healthy adults. The 72 were classified into a low responder group and a high responder group by using purified CPAg. Significant associations were found between IgG low responsiveness to purified CPAg and possession of HLA-DQw3. Relative risks for the two groups were 4.80. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from low responders revealed a specific IgG response to CPAg when the CD8+ T cell fraction was depleted. Thereby, low response due to the presence of CPAg-specific CD8+ suppressor T cells was suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A case of lymphoma which developed bone, liver, and skin lesions two years after the diagnosis of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia].

We reported a case of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) in 1985. The patient, a 37-year-old housewife, had suffered from cough and dyspnea. Her chest roentgenograms revealed bilateral diffuse micronodular shadows. After open lung biopsy in 1983, the lesion was interpreted as LIP in the premalignant state. After pulse therapy her condition remarkably improved. She was readmitted because of fever and shoulder pain in 1985. X-ray films revealed punched out lesions on the extremities. As liver dysfunction and skin eruptions had been recognized to wax and wane since the first admission, transcutaneous liver biopsy and skin biopsy was done. The diagnosis was middle- to large-sized T cell lymphoma. CHOP therapy seemed effective. However there appeared dyspnea and cotton-like patchy shadows in both lung fields. Despite chemotherapy, she died of pulmonary fungal and cytomegaloviral infection in 1986. As a result of the reevaluation of the open lung biopsy specimen, we concluded that this case should have been considered as lymphoma at onset.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Activation of supraoptic neurosecretory cells by osmotic stimulation of the median preoptic nucleus.

In urethane-anesthetized male rats extracellular recordings were obtained from neurosecretory cells in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) while each of electrical stimulation and local osmotic stimulation produced by pressure injection of hypertonic saline was applied to the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) or to the medial septal nucleus (MS). Electrical stimulation of the MnPO produced orthodromic excitation or initial inhibition followed by strong excitation in most SON cells (59/61), and local osmotic stimulation of the MnPO excited majority of cells (39/51). On the contrary, local osmotic stimulation of the MS did not excite SON cells, although electrical stimulation excited all the cells (5/5). The results suggest that the MnPO is one of the osmosensitive sites controlling electrical activity of SON neurosecretory cells.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1990

Regulation by induction of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex in clofibrate-fed rat liver.

The activity of branched-chain 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase complex increased 3.0-fold in liver of rats fed on 0.1%(w/w) clofibrate. Immunotitration experiments with antibodies against the constituent enzymes of the complex revealed that this increase resulted mainly from the increased amounts of only two(a decarboxylase and a lipoate acyltransferase) of three components of the complex and that the other component(dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase) remained unchanged in its content, irrespective of clofibrate administration. The increases of both enzyme components were associated with increases in their mRNA levels which were estimated by in vitro translation with poly(A)+ RNA.

3-Methyl-2-Oxobutanoate Dehydrogenase (Lipoamide)↗
PubMed1990

The outcomes of the operated hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

During the past 5 1/3 years, we have performed 521 hepatic resections, of which 308 cases were hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Two hundreds and sixty cases of the 308 HCC patients were studied on their outcomes. These patients included 198 males and 62 females, whose ages ranged from 29 to 84 years. Underlying cirrhosis of the liver was found in 66% of the patients. Hepatectomized patients were classified into 5 groups according to the curability as follows; Group A, the resection of the tumor-bearing segment and additional segment; Group B, the complete resection of the tumor with more than 1.0 cm free surgical margin; Group C, the complete resection of the tumor with less than 1.0 cm free surgical margin; Group D, the incomplete resection of the tumor; Group E, the surgical approach for advanced HCC with tumor thrombi in the main trunk or the 1st branch of the portal vein and/or the inferior vena cava, with multiple daughter nodules in both lobes and with tumor recurrence. The number of patients in Groups A, B, C, D and E was 14 (5.4%), 105 (40.4%), 61 (23.4%), 14 (5.4%) and 66 (25.4%), respectively. There were 5 death (2.6%) among the 194 patients of Group A-D within 30 days after operation and 12 death (18.2%) in Group E. The overall 5-year survival rate of all 249 patients except for 11 surgical death cases was 32%. Whereas, 5-year survival rate for Group A and B were 100% and 47%, 4-year rate for Group C was 44%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗