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Biomedical subjects

K Hoffman

Publications and source records attributed to K Hoffman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of human antibodies to Salmonella typhi Vi antigen.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect antibodies to Salmonella typhi Vi antigen in human serum, and the results were compared with those from a previously described hemagglutination assay (HA). The ELISA detected Vi antibodies at a titer of greater than or equal to 20 in 40 (52%) of 77 sera from typhoid fever patients, whereas the HA gave titers of greater than or equal to 20 in 35 (47%). Determination of titers of serum specimens from 170 persons without typhoid fever revealed Vi antibody titers of greater than or equal to 20 in 4 (2.3%) by the ELISA and 3 (1.7%) by the HA. Unlike the sensitized erythrocytes used in the HA, the ELISA reagents have a shelf life of greater than or equal to 1 year. The ELISA may be preferred by some laboratories, especially those already performing other ELISA tests.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1977

Focused psychiatric curriculum selection: student, psychiatrist, and nonpsychiatrist physician expectations.

The authors obtained curriculum needs analysis data from second-year medical students and compared these with data obtained from nonpsychiatrist physicians and psychiatrists. All groups felt that interviewing skills, the doctor-patient relationship, managing the dying patient, and evaluation of suicidal patients were important topics. All gave psychological testing, behavior modification, mental retardation, and psychoanalytic theory the lowest teaching priority. The students gave a higher rating to all topics than did the other groups. The authors suggest that this kind of analysis can facilitate curriculum selection and implementation.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical aspects of Crohn's disease. Report of experience at the Munich surgical university hospital 1954-1974].

Crohn's regional ileitis, which is differentiated into acute, chronic uncomplicated and chronic complicated forms, is seen to have a high complication rate in the long run. It is the fistulae to sections of the intestine which are not primarily diseased, the fistulae to the bladder, vagina and retroperitoneal space, fistulae opening on the abdominal wall and perianal fistulae which make the primary condition a serious disease. In the chronic stage, an adequate resection of the intestine in good time can lead to healing. Detour anastomoses which leave behind the affected section of the intestine gives poor results.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discrepancies between attainment and importance of life values and anxiety and depression in gastrointestinal cancer patients and their spouses.

Patients' satisfaction with life, viewed in terms of the discrepancy between the perceived attainment and subjective importance of various life values, is a less often studied phenomenon for understanding the psychological adaptation in cancer patients. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the relation between the degree of attainment and importance of life values on the one hand, and anxiety and depression, on the other. A consecutive series of 85 newly diagnosed patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, 52 potentially cured and 33 with an advanced disease, and 26 spouses to the patients with an advanced disease participated. The patients and spouses of non-cured patients filled out questionnaires twice, close to the diagnosis and after 1 (non-cured patients) or 3 months. Overall, large discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values were associated with high anxiety and depression. For the patients (both cured and non-cured), the discrepancies decreased for several life values over time, as did anxiety and depression. For the spouses of the non-cured patients, there was no decrease either for life value discrepancies or for anxiety/depression. This suggests that patients, in contrast to their spouses, strive to achieve small discrepancies between the perceived attainment and importance of life values, as part of their adjustment to serious diseases, e.g. cancer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A dual frame design for sampling elderly minorities and persons with disabilities.

Multiple data sources are sometimes available as potential sampling frames for population surveys, and in some situations the use of a multiple frame sample design is more advantageous than using a single sampling frame. The use of multiple sampling frames, however, has variance and bias implications, as well as sampling, data collection, and logistical considerations. These issues are addressed for a proposed dual frame sampling approach in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The results of an investigation of the sampling efficiencies and operational issues in supplementing the NHIS area frame sample with a sample of elderly African and Hispanic Americans and persons with disabilities selected from Social Security Administration files are presented.

Adolescent↗