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Biomedical subjects

K Hiura

Publications and source records attributed to K Hiura.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Bronchoscopic and angiographic comparison of bronchial arterial lesions in patients with hemoptysis.

In seven patients with nonmalignant disease, we bronchoscopically observed various types of bronchial arterial lesions that may have caused hemorrhage. Five of the seven showed a bulging lesion, and the other two demonstrated an intrabronchial mass. We also examined these seven patients using selective bronchial arteriography. Herein we report our comparative study of the bronchoscopic findings and the bronchial arteriograms of these bronchial arterial lesions. The bulge observed in bronchoscopy corresponded either to an aneurysm or to a hypervascular area in the bronchial arteriogram. The mass lesions corresponded to a hypervascular area or a focal dilatation in the bronchial arteriogram. The intrabronchial lesions observed bronchoscopically either disappeared or were significantly diminished by bronchial arterial embolization for management of the hemorrhage. A histologic examination in two patients who underwent surgery revealed vascular lesions corresponding to the intrabronchial lesions in bronchoscopy. The results of this comparative study have important application in the bronchoscopic examination of bronchial arterial lesions in patients with hemoptysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A case of lissencephaly (agyria) syndrome with apnea--polygraphic study.

A 4-month-old infant with lissencephaly syndrome who was diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and computed tomography experienced four apnea attacks during three polysomnographies. Apnea attacks were of two types. Type I apnea attacks were thought to be sleep apnea. The cause is unknown. Apnea was followed by tonic seizures due to hypoxia. Type II apnea attacks were thought to be epileptic apneic attacks, because they proceeded from the epileptic discharges in the right anterior temporal region (lead of electrooculogram). The origin of Type II apnea attacks was focused in the limbic system.

Apnea↗
PubMed1983

Postural effects on behavioral states of newborn infants--a sleep polygraphic study.

Physiological and behavioral correlates of neonates in the supine and prone positions were examined. Polygrams were recorded in 10 newborn infants in the prone and supine positions. Newborn infants slept more in the prone position than in the supine, and quiet sleep was significantly more in the prone position. Gross movement, jerky movement and twitch movement were less in the prone than the supine position. There was no difference in localized movement or tremor-like movement in the two positions. Respiration was more regular in the prone than the supine position. Sleep apnea (greater than or equal to 6 seconds) was less in the prone position. The pulse rate during quiet sleep was higher in the prone position.

Arousal↗
PubMed1983

Short latency somatosensory evoked potential in children.

The short latency somatosensory evoked potential was studied in 90 normal children of 1 month to 16 years old and 7 adults. Somatosensory stimuli were delivered through a disc electrode placed over the median nerve at the wrist joint. The uniform recording sites used were the central region of the scalp, and the seventh cervical spine or Erb's point. Reference electrodes were placed on the hand contralateral to the median nerve stimulated. Three positive peaks (P1, P2 and P3) and one negative peak (N1) were consistently recorded, a further positive peak (P4) after N1 was not always observed. The latency of each peak per 1 m body length decreased with age until 2 or 5 years of age. The latency of each peak after 2 years of age was positively correlated with the body length and arm length. The value of P1 peak latency per 1 m body length reaches adult values at an earlier rate than the value of P3 peak latency and P2-P3 latency per 1 m body length. This suggests that central lemmiscal pathways mature at a slower rate than peripheral nerve fibers. The wave form pattern of the short latency somatosensory evoked potential changed to the adult pattern at 10 years of age. The peak latency of P4 during deep sleep was slightly prolonged. In recording on infants during sleep, the EEG should be monitored to determine the stage of sleep.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Increased body movements during sleep in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

Overnight sleep polygrams were recorded form 9 patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). Six of 9 patients had abnormal electroencephalograms, but no specific abnormalities were detected. Body movements and twitch movements during sleep were analyzed. At all stages of sleep, body movements during sleep were more frequent in cases of GTS than those in normal controls. Twitch movements in stage REM of sleep were significantly increased in GTS. These results are consistent with the idea that GTS is due to an imbalance between the central neurotransmitters, catecholamine and serotonin.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Influence of ACTH therapy on overnight sleep polygrams in infantile spasms.

Overnight sleep polygrams were recorded before and during therapy in nine patients with infantile spasms. Results showed that ACTH therapy increased the waking time and decreased rapid eye movement sleep. Thus it caused sleep disturbance in patients with infantile spasms. During ACTH therapy the number of rapid eye movements/min and the pulse rate decreased significantly. Body movements/min also decreased, but not significantly. These results suggest that ACTH therapy may inhibit functions of the central nervous system. The respiratory rate increased during ACTH and clonazepam therapy, probably in association with the decrease or the absence of seizures. These findings indicate the necessity for further studies on whether ACTH therapy is really of value in patients with infantile spasms, and show that if ACTH is given, the period of therapy should be as short as possible.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The present status of active tuberculosis in a general hospital; a study of 186 cases.

To study the present status of TB in a general hospital, we reviewed the records of 186 patients with TB at the Saga Medical School Hospital. Ninety-two patients (49.5%) had extrapulmonary tuberculosis and 59 patients (31.7%) had complicated severe diseases. The variety of TB lesions and underlying diseases often caused diagnostic delay and misdiagnosis. In fact, 16 cases were not identified to be TB until after death. The TB prevalence was significantly high in malignant disease, diabetes mellitus, collagen disease and chronic renal failure among the total number of patients discharged. Twenty-one patients developed TB while on an intensive therapy for underlying diseases. Unfortunately, 22 patients with TB died in our hospital. These findings suggest that special care must be taken to prevent TB in a general hospital. We emphasize that early diagnosis of TB depends on the suspicion of this infection on the part of the physician.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperexcitability of cervical motor neurons during neck flexion in patients with Hirayama disease.

We recorded the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the affected thenar muscles during neck flexion in 4 patients in the early progressive phase of Hirayama disease. The MEP size significantly increased during neck flexion in patients compared with normal controls. In 2 patients who were treated with a neck collar, the intrinsic muscle atrophy gradually recovered together with increased grip power, and the time course of changes in MEP during neck flexion became normal after treatment with a neck collar for 7-16 months. The technique described here would be useful for evaluating the vulnerability of cervical motor neurons and the therapeutic effect of the neck collar in Hirayama disease.

Adolescent↗