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Biomedical subjects

K Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to K Hirose.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Human purified interleukin-1 inhibits DNA synthesis and cell growth of osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1), but enhances alkaline phosphatase activity in the cells.

We examined the effects of human purified interleukin-1 (IL-1) on DNA synthesis, cell growth, and alkaline phosphatase activity in the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1 under both preconfluent and confluent culture conditions. Addition of IL-1 to the cells markedly inhibited their DNA synthesis and growth over the range 1-10 U/ml. Such significant inhibitory effects were observed in cells cultivated in 1 or 5% fetal calf serum (FCS)-containing alpha modification Eagle's medium (alpha-MEM), but not in alpha-MEM containing 10% FCS. In contrast, alkaline phosphatase activity was enhanced significantly by IL-1 in the cell line cultivated in 1% FCS-containing alpha-MEM. These results demonstrate that human purified IL-1 is effective in inducing the differentiation of osteoblastic cell MC3T3-E1.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Significance of the increase in glucose 6-phosphatase activity in skeletal muscle cells of the mouse by starvation.

The effects of starvation on glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase; EC 3.1.3.9., D-glucose 6-phosphate phosphohydrolase) and glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2.4.1.1.) activities, and on glycogen content, were studied in skeletal muscles (m. rectus femoris) of mice. In the muscle cells from fed animals, the cytochemical reaction product for G6Pase activity was observed in moderate amounts in the terminal cisternae of sarcoplasmic reticulum and in small amounts in the nuclear envelope, and was rare or absent in the intermyofibrillar sarcoplasmic reticulum. After 4 days of starvation, however, the reaction product became abundant in all of the terminal cisternae, intermyofibrillar sarcoplasmic reticulum, and nuclear envelope. Biochemical G6Pase and glycogen phosphorylase a (active form) activities were higher in the muscles of starved mice than in those of fed animals. The glycogen content decreased markedly in the muscles of starved mice. The results suggest that the role of the increased G6Pase in skeletal muscle cells of starved mice is to release glucose into the blood by hydrolyzing glucose 6-phosphate produced through the increased phosphorylase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lateral sinus pericranii.

Most reported cases of sinus pericranii have been situated near the midline. This report describes a case of laterally situated sinus pericranii and discusses its origin.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1986

Effects of branched chain enriched amino acid solutions on septic rats.

An experimental study was performed to determine the effects of a BCAA enriched amino acid solution on sepsis in rats. After sepsis had been induced in male Wistar rats by caecal ligation and puncture the animals were divided into four groups according to the amino acid solutions infused: Group B-I, a solution containing no amino acid; Group B-II, a commercially available solution containing 21.1% branched chain amino acids (BCAA); Group B-III, a solution containing 38.7% BCAA and Group B-IV, that containing BCAA only. The control group of the animals received simple laparotomy and infusion without amino acids. Infusion was continued for 96 hours after the operation and all the solutions had the same caloric and nitrogen value. Group B-I had a plasma aminogram peculiar to sepsis; a significant rise in the concentration of the total 17 amino acids (TAA), BCAA and aromatic amino acid (AAA) together with a decrease in the BCAA/AAA ratio. Furthermore, the arterio-venous difference (AV-D) of AAA and BCAA showed a large negative value. In the three groups infused with amino acids, only Group B-III showed a significant improvement in the survival rate and nitrogen balance compared with Group B-I. Moreover, not only did the concentration of TAA and AAA significantly decline, but also the BCAA/AAA ratio increased. Therefore, the abnormal aminogram in sepsis tended to return to the control level. In Group B-IV despite the significant decrease of the peripheral TAA, no improvement in plasma aminogram, nitrogen balance or survival rate were shown. In Group B-II, in addition to the persisting plasma aminogram changes and peripheral efflux of amino acids, no improvement of survival rate were noted. Therefore, it was concluded that an amino acid composition richer in BCAA and lower in both AAA and SCAA is beneficial in the treatment of sepsis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Humoral antibody response against Bacteroides gingivalis-specific antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody in adult periodontal patients.

An antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody specific for Bacteroides gingivalis was purified in the presence of 0.5% (wt/vol) beta-octyl-glucoside by immunoadsorbent column chromatography. The purified antigen was homogeneous as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and silver staining, and the pattern of SDS-PAGE agreed with that of immunoblotting. The molecule exhibited an apparent molecular weight of about 62,000 by SDS-PAGE. The antigen was sensitive to trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, DNase I and II, and heating, but insensitive to RNase and neuraminidase. By the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, the purified antigen was not cross-reactive with rat polyclonal antibodies to each of several black-pigmented Bacteroides species, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. These results indicate that the purified antigen is specific for B. gingivalis. Humoral antibody titers in adult periodontal patients against the specific antigen were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum immunoglobulin G antibody titers against the specific antigen in adult periodontal patients correlated significantly with the severity of periodontal disease. However, such significant correlation was not observed with serum immunoglobulin M antibody titers.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of the efficacy of mass screening for uterine cancer in Japan.

To evaluate epidemiologically the efficacy of mass screening for uterine cancer, we compared the changes in the age-adjusted death rates from cancer of the uterus from 1969-1972 to 1973-1977 between the high coverage-rate areas and the control areas. The main results were: the decrease in the average age-adjusted death rate from cancer of the uterus was greater in the overall high coverage-rate (20% and over) areas (33.4%) than in the control areas (26.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant, when the high coverage-rate areas were limited to those where the uterine cancer death rate in 1969-1972 was greater than 90% of the average rate of all Japan, the decrease in the average age-adjusted death rate from cancer of the uterus was also greater in these high coverage-rate areas (68.1%) than in the control areas (44.2%) and this difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.01), when the high coverage-rate areas were limited to municipalities with a population size larger than 5,000, similar trends were observed. These results suggested that if mass screening for uterine cancer is widely conducted in areas with relatively high mortality rate from uterine cancer, it may be possible to reduce the mortality from this cancer at the community level.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Promoting effects of phenobarbital and 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene on the appearance of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase positive foci in rat liver pretreated with varying doses of diethylnitrosamine.

The promotion potential of phenobarbital (PB) and 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB) on liver carcinogenesis after initiation with various doses of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was assessed using an in vivo short term system. Male F344 rats were pretreated with a single intraperitoneal injection of varying doses of DEN (0, 6, 12, 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body wt), and 2 weeks later were treated with 0.05% PB or 0.06% 3'-Me-DAB for 6 weeks. All animals were subjected to partial hepatectomy 3 weeks after the DEN treatment. Quantitation of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive (gamma-GT+) foci revealed a DEN dose-dependent response. Magnitude of promotion by PB and more pronounced by 3'-Me-DAB was, in contrast, strongest at the lower doses of DEN. The results suggest that quantitative differences with regard to initiation level may exist, influencing the promotability of initiated cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cloning of sequences induced and suppressed by administration of PSK, antitumor protein-bound polysaccharide.

To elucidate the effects of PSK, a protein-bound polysaccharide from Coriolus versicolor, on gene expression in tumor cells, we prepared cDNA clone libraries from PSK-treated and untreated cells of a rat ascites hepatoma line, AH66, which was previously shown to be susceptible to the antitumor action of this compound. Two PSK-induced and one suppressed cDNA clones were selected from these libraries by using a differential colony hybridization and RNA blot hybridization. PSK was thus shown to have a direct effect on the transcription and consequently on the translation of tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Creatine kinase (CK)-linked IgA in Isaacs' syndrome. An immune complex disease?

Electrophoresis of serum from a patient with Isaacs' syndrome revealed an atypical creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme pattern which contained an extra band migrating between CK2(MB) and CK3(MM). Immunofixation demonstrated that the extra band was a complex of CK3(MM) and IgA. The presence of this complex seemed to correlate with increased serum CK levels which were associated with the aggravation of symptoms. Immunofluorescence studies on muscle biopsy samples revealed the presence of the complex in the muscle fiber membrane and motor endplate. The existence of CK-linked IgA in an Isaacs' syndrome suggests that an immunological abnormality may play a role in the pathological process of this rare syndrome.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

Studies on antigenicity of the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified uricase.

The purified uricase (urate: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3) from Candida utilis was modified to varying degrees with monomethoxypolyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular weights using cyanuric chloride as the coupling reagent. The PEG-uricase conjugates were examined on their immunological properties by means of ring test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). As increasing amounts of PEG were attached to uricase, it showed decreasing ability to elicit antibody production in rabbits. When sufficient polymers were attached, the modified uricase was devoid of the capacity to combine in vivo and in vitro with antibodies from guinea pigs injected with the unmodified uricase, however, were still able to react with antibodies to PEG-uricase conjugate. Antibodies against PEG-uricase conjugates also reacted with PEG modified superoxide dismutase (superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1). These results indicate that the coupling of PEG to uricase resulted in the loss of original antigenicity and immunogenicity, but in the appearance of new antigenicity and immunogenicity which never showed any cross-reactions against the native uricase.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Urban-rural difference in the trend of colo-rectal cancer mortality with special reference to the subsites of colon cancer in Japan.

In order to study the effect of urbanization on the epidemiological features of colo-rectal cancer in Japan, the age-adjusted death rates (AADRs) for right-sided (cecum, ascending and transverse) colon, left-sided (descending and sigmoid) colon and rectum cancers during three periods, 1969-71, 1974-76 and 1979-81, were compared among five areas with different population sizes; ten metropolitan cities (greater than 1,000,000), large cities (1,000,000-150,000), medium-sized cities (150,000-50,000), small cities (less than 50,000) and counties. The AADR for left-sided colon cancer has been increasing in recent years, especially in males, and was higher in urban areas than in rural areas, which may imply that the recent increase in the incidence of left-sided colon cancer is associated with an urbanization of the life styles of Japanese people. In Japan, the daily consumption of carbohydrate has been decreasing, but that of total fat has been increasing in recent years, and the ratio of fat/carbohydrate consumption as an energy source was strongly correlated with the AADRs for left-sided colon cancer among the five areas in the three periods. From this correlation analysis, it was suggested that urbanization of life style, namely, the recent westernization of eating habits of Japanese people might be associated with the recent increase of the AADRs for colon cancer, especially of left-sided colon cancer, in Japan.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of human recombinant beta-interferon on natural killer activity of peripheral lymphocytes in cancer patients].

After human recombinant beta-interferon (ReIFN-beta) was administered to 13 cancer patients intrathoracoperitoneally and by intravenous drip infusion every day or 3 times a week, the effect of peripheral lymphocytes on natural killer (NK) activity was studied. When ReIFN-beta was given every day or 3 times a week, the NK activity was notably enforced, and was maintained throughout the period of administration. NK activity was also enforced regardless of whether ReIFN-beta was given intravenously on intrathoracoperitoneally. By the administration of ReIFN-beta, pleural effusion and ascites in three patients were depleted, and in one patient, Douglas' cul-de-sac tumor disappeared. It was therefore suggested that ReIFN-beta was effective against the cavity of carcinomatosis.

Adult↗