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Biomedical subjects

K Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to K Hirose.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Amplification of rfbE and fliC genes by polymerase chain reaction for identification and detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis, Dublin and Gallinarum-Pullorum.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers for O9 antigen (rfbE) and phase 1 flagellin antigen (fliC) were designed for the rapid identification and detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis and Dublin. The rfbE primer pairs selectively amplified the rfbE region of group O9 Salmonella serovars. The fliC primer pairs amplified the DNAs of g,m and g,p-type flagellar antigen; Salmonella serovar Enteritidis, Dublin, and Essen. However, DNA from flagellar-negative Salmonella serovar Gallinarum-Pullorum was also amplified. The sensitivity of PCR primer pairs was 10(4) CFU/assay by boiled DNA preparation and 10(2) CFU/assay by proteinase K-treated DNA preparation.

Carbohydrate Epimerases↗
PubMed1997

Impact of family history on the risk of breast cancer among the Japanese.

To assess the impact of family history on the risk of developing breast cancer, a case-referent study was conducted using data from the Hospital-based Epidemiologic Research Program at Aichi Cancer Center (HERPACC), Japan. In total, 1,551 breast cancer cases were included and 28,450 women, confirmed as free of cancer, were recruited as the reference group. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated by using an unconditional logistic regression model. Stratification by age at diagnosis was done to evaluate the impact of family history on early (< 40 years of age) vs. later (> or = 40 years of age) onset. New findings obtained from the present study were as follows. 1) For women having a family member with ovarian cancer, the OR for breast center diagnosed under age 40 was 5.04 (95% CI: 1.48-17.1). 2) The effect of family history on the risk of breast cancer was greater when a sister(s) was (were) positive (OR = 3.51) than when the mother was positive (OR = 1.47). 3) The estimated proportional ratio (PR) for breast cancer was 2.63 (95% CI: 2.05-3.38) among sisters excluding probands, while PR for cancers other than breast cancer was 1.09 (95% CI: 0.94-1.27). This result suggested that a family history of breast cancer, especially among sisters, elevated the risk of developing breast cancer. Furthermore, when women had a sister(s) with breast cancer diagnosed prior to 40 years of age, their family history of breast cancer affected their risk of cancer of the breast and other organs.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A case report of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and graft replacement of the ascending aorta for coronary artery disease associated with dissection of the ascending aorta].

A 64-year-old woman waiting for CABG for triple coronary artery disease admitted to our hospital due to chest oppression. One week after the admission, pericardiotomy was performed and blood in the pericardial effusion was found. Emergent chest CT scan revealed dissection of the ascending aorta (DeBakey II) with occluded false lumen. Because her condition was stable, concomitant operation of graft replacement of the ascending aorta and triple coronary artery bypass grafting were performed 3 months after the medical therapy. Her postoperative course was uneventful and the patient remains asymptomatic.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1997

Allergic granulomatous angitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) with multiple intestinal fistulas.

A 40-yr-old man who had a known diagnosis of allergic granulomatous angitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) and had been on steroids was found to have a stone in the common bile duct. At surgery, multiple internal fistulas were found in the small bowel. Cholecystectomy, removal of the stone in the common bile duct, and resection of the small bowel because of fistulas were performed. To our knowledge, the formation of an intestinal fistula has not been reported as a clinical manifestation of allergic granulomatous angitis. This rare condition occurs in the terminal stage of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Correlation between gene analysis and endocrine abnormalities in the patients with myotonic dystrophy].

The genetic basis of myotonic dystrophy (DM) is an unstable expansion of CTG repeats that encodes a putative protein kinase A (PKA). Expanding CTG repeats length correlates central nervous involvements and cardiac disorders. Moreover, there are studies combining endocrine abnormalities and molecular analysis. In these reports, both the urinary excretion of phosphate in the Ellsworth-Howard test and serum TSH response in the thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) tolerance test correlate with size of CTG expansion. The Ellsworth-Howard test and the TRH tolerance test have been postulated to be mediated through the PKA and protein kinase C (PKC), respectively, suggest that the DM gene relates to a PKA or one part of the PKA pathway which influences the PKC pathway.

Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases↗
PubMed1996

Stac, a novel neuron-specific protein with cysteine-rich and SH3 domains.

In RLGS-M (restriction landmark genomic scanning using methylation-sensitive endonuclease) displays of mouse brains, spot #91 is one of tissue-specific gel spots whose intensity changes developmentally. We have now cloned the corresponding cDNA from this spot and analyzed its structure and expression. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed that the #91 cDNA encodes a novel protein of 403 amino acids which consists of a cysteine-rich domain and a SH3 domain. We designated this gene as Stac. Northern blotting and in situ hybridization analyses demonstrated that 2.7 kb of Stac mRNA is expressed predominantly in brain and neurons, especially in hippocampus, cerebellum and inferior olive. Further, the gene product of 47 kDa was found by western blotting analysis in the soluble fractions of brain as well as Stac-expression vector-transfected NIH3T3 cells. Although the function of Stac is unknown so far, it is likely involved in a neuron-specific signal transduction.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Three-dimensional cryoelectron microscopy of dimeric kinesin and ncd motor domains on microtubules.

Kinesin and ncd motor proteins are homologous in sequence yet move in opposite directions along microtubules. We have previously shown that monomeric kinesin and ncd bind in the same orientation on equivalent sites relative to the ends of tubulin sheets of known polarity. We now report cryoelectron microscope images of 16-protofilament microtubules decorated with both single- and double-headed kinesin and double-headed ncd. Three-dimensional density maps and difference maps show that, in adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imido]triphosphate, both dimeric motors bind tightly to microtubules via one head, leaving the other free, though apparently in a fixed position. The attached heads of dimers bind to tubulin in the same way as single kinesin heads. The second heads are connected to the tops of the first but, whereas the second kinesin head is closely associated with the first, pairs of ncd heads are splayed apart. There is also a distinct difference in orientation: the second kinesin head is tilted toward the microtubule plus end, while the second head of ncd points toward the minus end.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1996

Relationship between serum levels of interleukin 6, various disease parameters and malnutrition in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) are correlated with the disease status and prognosis in cancer patients. IL-6 is also an important mediator of experimental cancer cachexia. We investigated the production of IL-6 and IL-6 receptors and expression of IL-6 mRNA by esophageal squamous carcinoma cells using immunohistochemical staining and in situ reverse transcription-PCR. We also measured levels of serum IL-6 using an ELISA in 50 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to determine the correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and clinicopathological factors IL-6 mRNA was expressed in the primary tumor. Esophageal squamous carcinoma cells produced both IL-6 and IL-6 receptor. IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in the primary tumor than in the normal epithelium. The incidences of weight loss, tumor invasion to adjacent organs, and noncurative resection were significantly higher in ESCC patients with serum levels of IL-6 > or = 7 pg/ml (n = 13, group C) compared with patients with serum levels <7 pg/ml and > or = 3 pg/ml (n = 14, group B) and <3 pg/ml (n = 23, group A). Tumor size and C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher and albumin levels were significantly lower in group C. Results suggest that IL-6, which is produced by tumor cells, may be related to various disease parameters as well as to the nutritional status in patients with ESCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

cDNA cloning of a murine homologue of Drosophila single-minded, its mRNA expression in mouse development, and chromosome localization.

A combination of the RT-PCR method and subsequent screening of the cDNA library of mouse skeletal muscle with the cDNA isolated by RT-PCR used as a probe led to isolation of cDNAs encoding a polypeptide (mSim) with bHLH and PAS domains which show high similarity to the corresponding regions of Drosophila Sim, a master regulator in neurogenesis. Experiments using a GST-fusion protein demonstrated that mSim heterodimerizes with Arnt (Ah receptor nuclear translocator), even more efficiently than AhR (Ah receptor) does with Arnt. RNA blot analysis using RNAs from various tissues of mice indicated that mSim transcript is expressed in several limited tissues such as muscle, kidney and lung of adult animals. Distribution of mSim mRNA was always accompanied with that of Arnt. All the results suggest a regulatory role of mSim in partnership with Arnt. Chromosomal location of the mSim gene was determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization to be localized on the C3.3-C4 band of mouse chromosome 16 which is syntenic with the human chromosome 21q22 carrying the Down syndrome critical region, where a gene highly homologous to the Drosophila sim was localized. Whole mount in situ hybridization using a unique part of mSim cDNA sequence showed that mSim mRNA was expressed in the ventral diencephalon, branchial arches and limbs. These findings will provide an approach to the cause of the Down syndrome as well as the elucidation of the functional roles of mSim in animal development.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Myocardial contusion caused by a baseball.

Myocardial contusion is a rare type of sports injury. We report a case of myocardial contusion caused by a baseball. In this patient, arrhythmias were induced by an exercise test 1 week after injury. That patients with myocardial contusion but without arrhythmias at rest need to be treated carefully is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Evidence of HTLV-I in thyroid tissue in an HTLV-I carrier with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type l (HTLV-I) protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) for HTLV-I were examined in thyroid tissues from two patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and serum anti-thyroid antibody. The virus envelope protein and signals for the mRNA were detected in many of the follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid tissue from one of the patients, respectively, by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. PCR-Southern blotting revealed the presence of HTLV-I DNA in the thyroid tissue, in which the viral protein and mRNA were detected, although no virus particles were found in the epithelial cells by electron microscopy. HTLV-I virus was not present in the thyroid tissue from the second patient. The present findings suggest that infection of thyroid tissue with HTLV-I is associated with the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in some patients.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Induction of gene expression for nitric oxide synthase by immunomodulating drugs in the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line.

We have elucidated the direct effects of PSK (a protein-bound polysaccharide) and OK-432 (a streptococcal preparation), both immunomodulating drugs, on the gene expression for an inducible nitric oxide synthase and on the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line. As determined by northern blot analysis, both immunomodulating drugs were potent inducers of gene expression for inducible NO synthase when cells were costimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma). Expression of mRNA for the enzyme occurred in a dose-dependent manner after 3 h, when 10-50 micrograms/ml PSK or 0.001-1 KE/ml OK-432 was used. Furthermore, NO was also produced in response to these drugs, as detected by the Griess reagent reaction. The enhancement of NO synthesis was thought to be mediated, in part, through tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) induction by these agents, since a neutralizing antibody to TNF alpha significantly suppressed NO production in RAW264.7 cells stimulated with PSK or OK432 in combination with IFN gamma. We speculate that NO production may play a role in tumoricidal and microbicidal activities of PSK or OK-432 in vivo.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1996

Enhanced expression of manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA and increased TNFalpha mRNA expression by gastric mucosa in gastric cancer.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), a mitochondrial enzyme, is a cytokine-regulated acute-phase protein that protects cells from free radicals. The current investigations examined the in vivo regulation of the expression of Mn-SOD mRNA and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue. The expression of these transcripts in breast carcinoma tissue also was examined because breast cancer is a much more TNF-sensitive tumor than gastric cancer. TNFalpha mRNA was markedly increased in gastric carcinoma tissue (p < 0.005). There were significantly higher levels of Mn-SOD mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue than in noncancerous tissue (p < 0.0001). The level of Mn-SOD mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue was higher than that in breast carcinoma tissue (p < 0.005). Up-regulation of Mn-SOD mRNA in gastric carcinoma tissue most likely serves as a protective mechanism against superoxide radicals and TNF cytotoxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Regional left ventricular wall thickness and systolic function during the first year after index anterior wall myocardial infarction: serial effects of ventricular remodeling.

There is controversy regarding changes in regional left ventricular systolic function and thickness during remodeling after infarction. To address this, electron beam computed tomography was done in 22 patients with an index anterior wall infarction at discharge, 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year, and global ventricular chamber volumes and mass quantified. A mid-ventricular short-axis scan from each study was divided into 4, 90 degrees sectors (anterior, septal, lateral and posterior walls). Regional wall thickness, ejection fraction, and absolute and percent wall thickening were determined and compared with 10 normal adults. Global infarct size was estimated at 24.2%+/- 3.4% of the ventricle. In these subjects, the ventricular chamber enlarged steadily during the year, while global ventricular mass initially decreased during the first 6 weeks, but then increased by 1 year. Regional ejection fraction changed little during the year, apart from the lateral wall, which was less than normal. Absolute wall thickening was reduced in the anterior (infarct) and septal walls throughout the year, but was normal and unchanged in the posterior and lateral walls. Regional percent wall thickening was not different from normal individuals. The anterior wall was thinned at discharge and tended to thin further during the year. The lateral wall was thinner than normal 6 weeks after infarction, but remained unchanged thereafter. The posterior wall tended to thin for the first 6 months, but the values at any time were not above normal. There was little change in septal wall thickness throughout the year. It is concluded that, after a moderate size, uncomplicated index anterior infarction, regional systolic function remains generally unaffected by remodeling. However, regional walls tend to thin and/or remain at normal thickness. These data confirm differential regional patterns after anterior infarction for systolic function, muscle atrophy and/or minimal hypertrophy which accompany serial changes in global ventricular chamber volumes and mass.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Correlation between occurrence of exudative epidermitis and exfoliative toxin-producing ability of Staphylococcus hyicus.

Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated from healthy pigs and pigs affected with exudative epidermitis (EE). Thirty seven strains (P-7 to P-43) were isolated from pigs affected with EE on 8 farms while 131 strains were isolated from healthy pigs bred on 2 farms in Japan. Isolation rate for pigs affected with EE was 100% while that for healthy pigs was 35.4%. The biochemical and cultural characteristics of the isolates from healthy and diseased pigs were identical except for the Voges-Proskauer reaction. The culture supernatant of many isolates caused skin exfoliation in 1-day-old chickens. Therefore, many isolates were considered to produce S. hyicus exfoliative toxin (shET). The rate of shET production by the isolates from piglets affected with EE was 87.5%, while that of the isolates from healthy pigs was 76.1%. shETs were divided in two serotypes by immunodiffusion. Piglets experimentally infected with shET-producing and nonproducing strains were observed. Local skin erythema at the inoculation site was observed with nonproducing strains and disappeared within 48 h, while the skin erythema at the sites inoculated with shET-producing strains did not disappear until 7 days after inoculation. Typical clinical signs, such as exfoliation, exudation and crusting were observed only in the piglets inoculated with shET-producing strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Proximal and segmental motor nerve conduction in the sciatic nerve produced by percutaneous high voltage electrical stimulation.

Percutaneous high voltage electrical stimulation was applied to the proximal sciatic nerve at the hip in 18 normal subjects to evaluate motor conduction in the proximal sciatic nerve, and short-segment stimulation of the sciatic and posterior tibial nerves was given in 6 normal subjects. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were recorded from the abductor hallucis (AH) and extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscles. Supramaximal stimulation was easily obtained at the proximal sciatic nerve and all the sites in the short-segment stimulation. The motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve between the hip and the popliteal fossa was 49.2 +/- 4.24 m/sec in the tibial division and 54.1 +/- 6.48 m/sec in the peroneal division. The respective peak-to-peak amplitude and negative-peak areas of the CMAPs at the hip were reduced to 86.8 +/- 5.65% and 97.3 +/- 5.36% for the tibial division, and 93.4 +/- 7.06% and 96.8 +/- 5.09% for the peroneal division as compared to the values for the popliteal fossa. The negative-peak duration of the CMAPs at the hip point were increased to 109.2 +/- 7.2% for the tibial nerve and 107.1 +/- 5.68% for the peroneal nerve as compared with the duration at the popliteal fossa. This method is non-invasive and useful for evaluating motor nerve conduction in the lower limb.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A candidate for cancer gene therapy: MIP-1 alpha gene transfer to an adenocarcinoma cell line reduced tumorigenicity and induced protective immunity in immunocompetent mice.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the possibility of cancer gene therapy by the gene delivery of chemokine, the effects of human macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (hu-MIP-1 alpha), murine-macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (mu-MIP-1 alpha), and human-interleukin 8 (hu-IL-8) on tumor progression and immunization were studied. METHODS: Cachexia-inducing and highly tumorigenic adenocarcinoma cells (cell line colon 26, clone 20) were transfected with either a control plasmid, hu-MIP-1 alpha, mu-MIP-1 alpha, or hu-IL-8 expression vector. The production of hu-MIP-1 alpha reached > 1.5 ng/ml in vitro when transfectant cells were cultured at a cell density of 2 x 10(5) cells in 7 ml for 3 days. Immunocompetent BALB/c mice were inoculated into the footpad with the tumor cells, and then primary tumor growth, morphological analyses, and tumor immunogenicity were studied. RESULTS: The secretion of hu-MIP-1 alpha, mu-MIP-1 alpha, and hu-IL-8 did not affect the growth rate in vitro. Reduced tumorigenicities in vivo were observed in transfected cells with hu-MIP-1 alpha and mu-MIP-1 alpha. Morphologic observation of the site of inoculation of cells transfected with hu-MIP-1 alpha showed infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils on the 5th day after the inoculation. Mice that had rejected cells transfected with hu-MIP-1 alpha gene were immune to a subsequent challenge with the parental cells. CONCLUSIONS: The rejection of the cells depends on cytolysis and generates potent and long lasting antitumor immunity. These data suggest that tumor cells transfected with the MIP-1 alpha gene might be useful as an effective therapy for the treatment of certain tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗