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Biomedical subjects

K Henry

Publications and source records attributed to K Henry.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Measuring percent lymphocytes by flow cytometry to calculate absolute lymphocyte subset counts for HIV+ specimens.

A comparison was made of lymphocyte percentages from an automated hematology analyzer (ELT 15) vs. a fluorescence flow cytometer (Cytofluorograf). The hematology values were consistently higher than the flow (by greater than 10% for 13 of 50 HIV+ specimens). The findings were similar to three other pairings: H*1 vs. Cytofluorograf, Cell Dyn 3000 vs. Cytofluorograf, and Cell Dyn 3000 vs. EPICS Profile. In another comparison manual percent lymphocytes matched much better with flow values. Factors of sample preparation and instrument analysis as they relate to nonrandom cell loss and lymphocyte resolution are examined.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of observed and self-reported compliance with universal precautions among emergency department personnel at a Minnesota public teaching hospital: implications for assessing infection control programs.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the level of universal precautions compliance in a hospital emergency department by two methods (direct observation of subjects versus self-reporting by questionnaire). SETTING: A Level II trauma center located within a university-affiliated medical center in Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota. Glove and needle disposal containers were available in each treatment room; gowns, masks, and goggles were readily available. PARTICIPANTS: ED physicians (12 staff plus rotating residents), medical students, nursing staff, and ancillary personnel. METHODS: Ten observers documented six specific behaviors among ED personnel: needle recap frequency, needle recap techniques, and use of gowns, gloves, masks, and goggles. After the observations, surveys were distributed to ED personnel by intrahospital mail in Fall 1989. RESULTS: During 270 observation hours, 1,018 patient-worker interactions were recorded. Gloves were the barrier worn most frequently when appropriate (74%), followed by goggles (13%), gowns (12%), and masks (1%). Needles were recapped 51% of the time, and most needles that were recapped (79%) were recapped by the two-hand technique; 5% of all needles used were left uncapped at bedside or in the trash. Physicians were observed to use gloves more frequently than registered nurses and nursing assistants; nurses were observed to recap more frequently than physicians. From the survey, the three most common reasons for noncompliance involved time (71%), dexterity (61%), and patient appearance (50%). CONCLUSION: Universal precautions are not consistently used by ED personnel, and ED personnel significantly overestimate their compliance with universal precautions.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1991

A 7-year old white-male boy with progressive neurological deterioration.

A 9-month-old boy presented with rapid deterioration of psychomotor development. He developed seizures at 2 months, and shortly thereafter lost motor skills and developed feeding difficulties, increased startle response, red maculas, and decreased vision. His measurements, including head circumference, were greater than the 95th centile. No organomegaly was found. Serum determination of the hemoxsaminidases confirmed the diagnosis of Sandhoff disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

HIV infection in healthcare workers. How great is the risk? What can be done before and after exposure?

Healthcare workers know that there is a risk of HIV infection through exposure to AIDS patients. In both hospital and office settings, physicians have the opportunity to set standards and promote education about the degree of risk, effective precautions, and postexposure testing, prophylaxis, and treatment. Drs Henry and Thurn share the latest findings and offer policy recommendations based on their own experience.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Mac387: its non-specificity as a tumour marker or marker of histiocytes.

A commercially available monoclonal antibody which detects histiocytes in paraffin sections, Mac387, was reacted with 148 soft tissue sarcomas, 29 carcinomas and 10 malignant melanomas. The soft tissue sarcomas had been previously immunophenotyped. All categories of sarcomas, with the exception of angiosarcomas, were positive. Most showed staining in less than 50% of the tumour cells. Six of 10 adenocarcinomas and three of nine basal cell carcinomas were positive, while squamous carcinomas and malignant melanomas were negative. Normal squamous mucosa and epidermis were also positive. The results of this study suggest that Mac387 is of little value in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumours, nor is it a specific histiocytic marker.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

Cytomegalovirus gastritis with perforation and gastrocolic fistula formation.

A 76-year-old man with lymphoma involving cervical and mediastinal lymph nodes and abdomen was treated by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. He subsequently developed cytomegalovirus gastritis and gastric ulcers with a gastrocolic fistula and a jejuno-jejunal fistula, necessitating a partial gastrectomy. The pathogenesis of cytomegalovirus gastritis and its complications are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

The impact of experience with AIDS on HIV testing and counseling practices: a study of U.S. infectious disease teaching hospitals and Minnesota hospitals.

A survey on HIV antibody testing practices was sent to the 200 hospitals in the United States that conduct infectious disease (ID) fellowship training and to all 171 short-term care Minnesota hospitals. Responses were obtained from 124 U.S. ID hospitals (62%) and from 133 (78%) Minnesota hospitals. The U.S. ID hospitals estimated that consent for HIV antibody testing is obtained 70.1% of the time, that consent is both obtained and documented 54.3% of the time, and that risk-reduction counseling in conjunction with such testing is provided 51.4% of the time. The Minnesota hospitals estimated that consent for HIV antibody testing is obtained 35.2% of the time, that consent is both obtained and documented 25.7% of the time, and that risk-reduction counseling in conjunction with such testing is provided 21.8% of the time. Wide variance was noted in both the U.S. and Minnesota responses. Those U.S. hospitals serving higher numbers of persons with AIDS gave higher estimates for each of the 3 items (p less than .05); similar findings were noted among the Minnesota hospitals. The data suggests that standard clinical use of HIV testing remains deficient.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1991

AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among 629 registered nurses at a Minnesota hospital: a descriptive study.

Since nurses play a pivotal role in many aspects of healthcare delivery, their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in relation to AIDS are crucial. A descriptive study was done to discover the AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes, and behavior among registered nurses who practice in a hospital setting, and to describe the relationship of these findings with other variables. A 67-item survey was sent to 704 registered nurses at a 455-bed acute care teaching hospital and its associated clinics. The results indicated there is a considerable level of misinformation, mistrust, and fear regarding AIDS among RNs practicing in the hospital setting.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Documented male-to-female transmission of HIV-1 after minimal vaginal exposure in the absence of other cofactors for infection.

AIDS cases attributable to heterosexual vaginal intercourse constitute a growing proportion of new AIDS cases in the United States. Major cofactors that possibly increase the efficiency of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 include genital ulcer disease, multiple sexual exposures, lack of male circumcision, and primary and advanced stages of HIV-1 disease. I report the case of a 33-year-old woman who was recently infected with HIV-1 after one to three nontraumatic episodes of vaginal intercourse with a healthy-appearing, HIV-1-infected, bisexual man. An investigation of her exposure history revealed the precise time frame during which infection occurred. The patient developed a primary HIV-1-infection syndrome and became seropositive for HIV-1 within eight weeks of her last sexual contact with the infected man. An epidemiological and laboratory evaluation of the index patient and her sexual partner identified only one risk factor for enhanced HIV-1 transmission: the patient's use of oral contraceptives. Her partner was immunologically intact, HIV-1 antigen negative, and circumcised. Both of the individuals were from Minnesota, as were their recent sexual partners. This case illustrates that HIV-1 infection by vaginal intercourse can occur in the absence of the major risk factors believed to increase the efficiency of transmission. Even in a low HIV-1 prevalence area like Minnesota, efforts to promote awareness of HIV-1 status, abstinence, non-penetrative sex, or barrier protection need to be expanded and the behaviors adopted by sexually active persons if HIV-1 transmission is to be minimized.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

HIV and AIDS resources.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

The evolving challenge of Pneumocystis carinii. A deadly opportunist in AIDS.

Considerable progress has been made in the identification and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Prophylaxis, either primary or secondary, represents a major advance and should be used appropriately by physicians caring for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Yet with success come new challenges. Centers for treatment of AIDS that aggressively use prophylaxis have seen a shift toward severe illness due to other pathogens and generalized wasting. The strategies employed in combating P carinii pneumonia are likely to be tried against other AIDS-related infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Constitutional symptoms in patients with germ cell neoplasms.

A patient with a mediastinal germ cell neoplasm evidenced fever, weight loss, pruritus, and painful adenopathy on ingestion of alcohol. Retrospective review revealed that 9 percent of 104 patients with advanced germ cell neoplasm evidence constitutional symptoms at presentation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 detected in all seropositive symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals.

Between February 1987 and October 1988, peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) from 409 adult individuals antibody positive by Western (immuno-)blot for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) (56 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] patients, 88 patients with AIDS-related complex, and 265 asymptomatic individuals) were consecutively cultured for HIV-1 or tested for the presence of HIV-1 DNA sequences by a polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR). We isolated HIV-1 or detected HIV-1 DNA sequences from the PBMC of all 409 HIV-1 antibody-positive individuals. None of 131 healthy HIV-1 antibody-negative individuals were HIV-1 culture positive, nor were HIV-1 DNA sequences detected by PCR in the blood specimens of 43 seronegative individuals. In addition, HIV-1 PCR and HIV-1 culture were compared in testing the PBMC of 59 HIV-1 antibody-positive and 20 HIV-1 antibody-negative hemophiliacs. Both methods were found to have sensitivities and specificities of at least 97 and 100%, respectively. In contrast, the sensitivities of serum HIV-1 antigen testing in AIDS patients and asymptomatic seropositive patients were 42 and 17%, respectively. Our ability to directly demonstrate HIV-1 infection in all HIV-1 antibody-positive individuals provides definitive support that HIV-1 antibody positivity is associated with present HIV-1 infection. Moreover, the sensitivities and specificities of PCR and culture for the detection of HIV-1 appear to be equivalent, and both methods are superior to testing for HIV-1 antigen in serum for the direct detection of HIV-1.

AIDS-Related Complex↗