32P-Postlabelling was applied to study the distribution of adducts in white blood cells of foundry workers exposed to polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons. The distribution of the adducts among 63 workers followed an apparently trimodal pattern, which could relate to polymorphism in PAH metabolism. A modified postlabelling method is described and some parameters were tested for optimal labelling. The total volume of the polynucleotide kinase reaction is 2 microliters, which decreases exposure to radioactivity and costs of isotopes.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Styrene oxide as a stereochemical probe for the mechanism of aralkylation at different sites on guanosine.

The stereochemistry at the alpha-carbon atom of the styrene moiety in styrene oxide-guanosine products was established, and the stereochemical consequences of reaction of optically active styrene oxide with guanosine were investigated. Inversion of stereochemistry in products at the alpha-carbon of styrene oxide decreased in the sequence 7- much greater than N2- greater than O6-substituted guanosines. These findings show that an extensively ionized substrate is needed for reaction at the exocyclic N2 and O6 sites on guanosine but that the reactive intermediate is not an ideal planar trigonal carbonium ion. This follows because inversion exceeds retention in both of the exocyclic substituted products.

Alkylation↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transplacental carcinogens and mutagens: childhood cancer, malformations, and abortions as risk indicators.

Childhood cancer, malformations, and spontaneous abortions in Finland were analyzed according to the parents' occupations. Children of women working in the food industry and farming and of men working in motor vehicle driving and farming appeared to have an elevated risk of cancer. Women in industrial and construction occupations had an increased risk of having malformed children and spontaneous abortions.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Linking data to study reproductive effects of occupational exposures.

This article describes existing data systems or registries on reproductive outcomes or occupational exposures--birth registries, vital record systems, birth defect registries, hospital discharge registries, etc.--and describes approaches to linking the data.

Birth Certificates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts in white blood cells and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene in foundry workers.

In an ongoing comprehensive evaluation of biological markers, workers in or near an iron foundry with varying exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were analyzed for molecular response to this exposure. Exposure to benzo(a)pyrene, determined by personal monitors worn by the workers (2 to 60 ng/m3), was considerably lower than in a previous study at this foundry (< 50 to 200 ng/m3) (F.P. Perera et al., Cancer Res., 48: 2288-2291, 1988). Two biomarkers, 1-hydroxypyrene in urine measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (a measure of internal dose) and PAH-DNA adducts in WBC measured by immunoassay (a measure of biologically effective dose) were assessed to demonstrate their relationship to the lowest exposures yet analyzed in foundry workers. In addition, these markers were analyzed for dose response and interindividual variability. Cigarette smoking, but not age or charbroiled food, influenced the level of 1-hydroxypyrene but not PAH-DNA adducts. When workers were classified into three exposure categories (low, medium, and high), mean 1-hydroxypyrene levels were 2.7, 1.8, and 3.6 mumol/mol creatinine, respectively. Comparisons by analysis of variance showed a significant difference between the groups after controlling for smoking (P = 0.02), but a trend test using multivariate linear regression analysis was not significant (r = 0.27; P = 0.07). Substantial interindividual variation was demonstrated by the 19- to 20-fold range in the values within each of the three exposure groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗