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Biomedical subjects

K Heller

Publications and source records attributed to K Heller.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Treatment of children with an unstable bladder using the new anticholinergic drug Mictonorm (author's transl)].

10 children with an unstable bladder were treated with the new anticholinergic drug Mictonorm. With the exception of one boy, the bladder capacity and the volume of all the other children increased. Contractions with amplitudes of 1.5 or 3.0 kPa had been registered. The extent of the maximum amplitudes was reduced. Both the enuresis nocturna and the enuresis diurna were positively influenced, the former, however, more so.

Benzilates↗
PubMed1982

[Animal experimental studies of the bladder effectiveness of the anticholinergic agent Mictonorm].

Pressing need of selectively vesically or spinally acting neuropharmacons exists for patients with neurogenic disturbances of the function of the urinary bladder especially for children with myelomeningocele. The medicament MICTONORM a peripherally effective anticholinergic drug was tested in healthy young pigs with reference to the effect on the storage volume of the bladder. Cystometrograms were recorded in the narcotised experimental animal before and after intravenous application of 0.5 mg MICTONORM per kg body mass. The average increase of the vesical capacity after the drug application amounted to 39.2% (dispersion 6.3 - 95.3%). The values of the vesical pressure showed a nonuniform behaviour. An effect in the afferent part of the vesical reflex arc comes into question for the pharmacon because of the type of action.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Chemotherapy for head and neck cancer relapsing after radiotherapy.

Thirty-nine patients (28 men and 11 women, ages 43 to 83 years) with advanced head and neck epidermoid carcinoma (33 had relapsed from previous radiotherapy) were treated with a three-day bleomycin administration (30 by continuous intravenous infusion and nine by subcutaneous route) followed on the fifth day by intravenous administration of cyclophosphamide + methotrexate + 5-fluorouracil (Bleo-CMF). This drug schedule was based on the cell cycle synchrony principle. Twenty-one of 39 patients (54%) responded (seven complete, 14 partial remission) lasting from 4 to 20 months. The median duration of survival for complete remission, partial remission, and disease progression was 15, ten, and four months, respectively. The Bleo-CMF was well tolerated with minimal toxicity. The effectiveness of this regimen in previously irradiated patients compels us to pursue its application in a randomized study as an adjuvant for Stages III and IV head and neck cancer following maximum eradication of the local disease by surgery and/or radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Genetic control of hydroxamate-mediated iron uptake in Escherichia coli.

Cells of Escherichia coli can derive iron from a variety of chelators (siderophores) in addition to enterochelin, the catechol derivative excreted by many enteric bacteria. The genetic control of hydroxamate siderophore utilization was investigated in mutants of E. coli K-12 selected for resistance to lethal agents which adsorb to the tonA protein of the outer membrane (albomycin, colicin M, and phages T5 and phi80). Many of the mutants were unable to utilize hydroxamate siderophores as an iron source. This phenotype was termed Fhu, for ferric hydroxamate uptake. Mutants carrying lesions in the tonA region of the chromosome were studied and fell into several types. Members of one class had lost some or all of the tonA receptor protein's functions in that they were resistant to the lethal agents and unable to utilize ferrichrome and its analogs, although able to respond to the hydroxamate rhodotorulic acid (FhuA phenotype). Other mutants were unable to utilize any of the hydroxamate siderophores tested and were resistant to albomycin, althogh many were sensitive to the other lethal agents (FhuB phenotype). Members of these classes lacked ferrichrome-mediated iron uptake. Strains carrying transposon Tn10 insertions in fhuA (previously termed tonA) lacked the 78,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein previously described; insertions in fhuB retained this protein and had no detectable change in outer membrane composition. Three-point transduction crosses revealed the gene order to be pan-fhuA-fhuB-metD in the min 3.5 region of the chromosome map. Complementation analyses with F' merodiploid strains showed that fhuA and fhuB comprise separate transcription units which are both required for utilization of ferrichrome. Response of diploid strains to rhodotorulic acid suggested the existence of a third gene, fhuC, required for utilization of this siderophore, but not ferrichrome. It is suggested that fhuB encodes a transport component in the cytoplasmic membrane that is necessary for the uptake of all hydroxamate siderophores following their receptor-mediated passage across the outer membrane.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1980

[Animal experimental studies on the restoration of bladder function in neurologic bladder disorders].

On German country pigs by subarachnoidal alcohol injection a neurogenic disturbance of the function of the urinary bladder was produced, the size of which was judged by clinical, rodynamic and histologic examinations. Between the 3rd and 83rd day after the subarachnoidal alcohol injection a 5 times 10 cm large sigment of the detrusor was substituted by a pediculated transponat of the muscle of the small intestine (ileum). The result of the following examinations in a period between 3 and 192 days after this intervention were the result that neither functionally nor histologically an involution of the changes typical for a disturbance of the innervation at the bladder was to be observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[A new operative method for urinary diversion in the non-excluded intestine--preliminary report on experimental studies in swine].

The hyperchloremic acidosis is a frequent complication of the urinary elimination through the non-excluded bowels. The dimensions are dependent on the renal function and on the quantity of the reabsorbed urine ingredients. A reduction of the absorbent surface of the intestine will aspire to for the lessening of the reabsorption. The urinary contamination of the proximal parts of the intestine is prevented by means of a telescopelike invagination of the colon sigmoideum creating some kind of a flutter valve. The operative technique is described. X-ray examinations demonstrate the effectiveness of the invagination.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Traumatic haemobilia in childhood (author's transl)].

The case of a 6-year-old girl is reported with severe hemorrhage and "false aneurysm" in the left hepatic lobe due to polytrauma. The diagnosis of the haemobilia which developed 6 weeks after the accident was established by arteriography and scintigraphy. Despite only conservative treatment no further bleeding recurred. Spontaneous restitution was controlled by arteriography and scintigraphy. A long-term follow-up after hepatic trauma is necessary because the haemobiliary syndrome may develop after an asymptomatic interval of several years.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Differential sensitivity of gene expression in vitro to inhibitors of DNA gyrase.

We have used the antibiotics coumermycin A1, novobiocin, and oxolinic acid, which are specific inhibitors of DNA gyrase, to study the coupled transcription and translation of several bacterial and plasmid genes in a DNA-directed cell-free system. The expression of different genes is reduced to different extents by inhibition of DNA gyrase activity. Among the genes tested, the lac operon, an rRNA gene, and the colicin gene of colicin E1 plasmid were found to be most sensitive, while the trp operon and some other genes in colicin E1 plasmid were relatively unaffected by the inhibitors. These results, together with earlier work on the transcription of circular DNA templates, indicate that DNA supercoiling can significantly enhance transcription from certain promoters.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

Accelerated adsorption of bacteriophage T5 to Escherichia coli F, resulting from reversible tail fiber-lipopolysaccharide binding.

A dual specificity for phage T5 adsorption to Escherichia coli cells is shown. The tail fiber-containing phages T5(+) and mutant hd-3 adsorbed rapidly to E. coli F (1.2 x 10(-9) ml min(-1)), whereas the adsorption rate of the tail fiber-less mutants hd-1, hd-2, and hd-4 was low (7 x 10(-11) ml min(-1)). The differences in adsorption rates were due to the particular lipopolysaccharide structure of E. coli F. Phage T4-resistant mutants of E. coli F with an altered lipopolysaccharide structure exhibited similar low adsorption for all phage strains with and without tail fibers. The same held true for E. coli K-12 and B which also differ from E. coli F in their lipopolysaccharide structures. Only the tail fiber-containing phages reversibly bound to isolated lipopolysaccharides of E. coli F. Infection by all phage strains strictly depended on the tonA-coded protein in the outer membrane of E. coli. We assume that the reversible preadsorption by the tail fibers to lipopolysaccharide accelerates infection which occurs via the highly specific irreversible binding of the phage tail to the tonA-coded protein receptor. The difference between rapid and slow adsorption was also revealed by the competition between ferrichrome and T5 for binding to their common tonA-coded receptor in tonB strains of E. coli. Whereas binding of T5(+) to E. coli K-12 and of the tail-fiber-less mutant hd-2 to E. coli F and K-12 was inhibited 50% by about 0.01 muM ferrichrome, adsorption of T5 to E. coli F was inhibited only 40% by even 1,000-fold higher ferrichrome concentrations.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1979

[A newly developed ventilator driven by a microprocessor (author's transl)].

The A4/6 is a newly developed ventilator, which may be used in the operating theatre or in the intensive care unit. The machine is electronically driven (microprocessor) and is characterised by a highly sensitive triggering mechanism. It is designed for the ventilation of the newborn (including premature infants) and children up to approximately 5 years. The significant and important features of its control design including its triggering mechanism will be described.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

[Measurement of resistance and deadspace of endotracheal tubes used in paediatric intensive care medicine (author's transl)].

It is reported about the evaluation of resistances and deadspaces of endotracheal tubes. The results show that the resistances of the tubes are similar to the resistances in the patient lungs. The deadspaces are small as compared to the physiological values. It is suggested that a patient with a endotracheal tube has a smaller deadspace than one without a tube.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1978

beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase of Streptococcus faecalis and the inhibition of its synthesis by glucose.

The lactose hydrolysing system of Streptococcus faecalis is described. It is closely related to that one of the group N streptocci as it consists of a beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-Pgal). The uptake of methyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (TMG), lactose, and glucose is maintained by the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) but the uptake of galactose is not. The induction time is 6--7 min. Inducers are lactose and galactose but not isopropyl-beta-D-galactoside (IPTG) and TMG. In the presence of glucose, mannose, and maltose no induction of beta-Pgal occurs but pyruvate and glycerol allow induction. The competitive inhibition of uptake of TMG by glucose suggests inducer exclusion by this sugar. TMG accumulates in the cells exclusively as a derivative.

Enterococcus faecalis↗