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Biomedical subjects

K Hell

Publications and source records attributed to K Hell.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Diurnal variation in refraction after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy.

Diurnal fluctuations in vision are common after radial keratotomy (RK), associated with a myopic change in refraction and keratometric power mostly in the morning. After photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), only a small percentage of patients report fluctuations of vision. We tested ten such patients who had undergone excimer laser PRK with regard to refraction, keratometry, and visual acuity 5 to 20 months after surgery. Patients were examined five times during one day from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Ten volunteers serving as a control group were examined following the same protocol. None of the patients showed an increase in minus spherical power of the manifest refraction between morning and evening. The change in manifest refraction from morning to evening was +0.3 D +/- 0.3 D, which was not significantly different from the control group. The change in refraction did not correlate with keratometric power, follow-up time of age of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Distribution of immunocompetent cells small intestine transplantation in rats].

Heterotopic small bowel transplantation was performed in allogeneic rats with and without cyclosporine. Syngeneic animals served as controls. Small bowel allografts, lymphoid tissues and small bowel of the host were investigated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies against T-cells and macrophages. During rejection, increasing numbers of macrophages infiltrated preferentially the deep layers of the small bowel wall, whereas only a slight T-cell infiltration was observed. No histological changes were noted in the organs of the host. Cyclosporine prevented lymphoid as well as macrophage infiltration of the transplant. Rejection monitoring of small bowel transplants is possible by investigation of macrophage infiltration in deep biopsies including the submucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

How to choose antimicrobials for surgical prophylaxis.

For many of today's clean-contaminated surgical operations antibiotic prophylaxis is a generally accepted and proven procedure. On the basis of a literature survey the parameters to be considered are analyzed: bactericidal spectrum, pharmacokinetics (peak plasma and tissue concentrations, tissue penetration, persistence at high-risk sites and elimination), minimal toxicity, absence of (above all, serious) adverse drug reactions (coagulation disorders, etc.), avoidance of resistance, suitability for single-dose prophylaxis even when the operation is unforeseeably delayed after the administration of the antibiotic, or when the operation lasts a very long time. Finally, the antimicrobial chosen must be cost-effective. The decisive factor, however, remains the proven clinical efficacy for the procedure concerned. There should be no prejudging of any issue until the relevant data have been collected, especially in the case of facts suggesting that single-dose antimicrobial agents are effective even in colorectal surgery, and that cephalosporins of the third generation might offer advantages over those of the first.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Use of a long-acting cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) for antimicrobial prophylaxis in abdominal and biliary surgery.

Present data available on ceftriaxone (Rocephin) dealing with microbiology, pharmacokinetics (long half-life, tissue penetration ability, tissue concentration present during vulnerable period, etc.), results of clinical trials, and world-wide experience seem to be in favor of ceftriaxone as the antimicrobial of choice for single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in abdominal and biliary surgery. Single-dose surgical prophylaxis is cost-effective, has a low rate of adverse drug events, and so far does not increase danger of resistance.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

Adverse reactions to Bactrim--a retrospective view.

A historical survey based on the most important literature is presented as a starting point for further discussion on the significance of possible adverse reactions reported after prescription of cotrimoxazole. The often changing and contradictory assessments made of the situation in different countries and at different times are outlined, and the difficulty of making a balanced and just evaluation of long established drugs is shown, particularly if the available data are derived primarily from spontaneous reports which, besides being almost impossible to verify, are often incomplete.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1984

[Mass accident and catastrophe medicine].

Medical management of mass casualties and catastrophy are discussed and principles of treatment outlined, consisting in first aid, improvisation, sorting (triage), organised help and avoiding panic and epidemics. Preparedness and leadership, summarised under the heading "catastrophy planning" are the most important elements to counteract catastrophies.

Accidents↗