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Biomedical subjects

K Heinritzi

Publications and source records attributed to K Heinritzi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Disseminated intravascular coagulation in eperythrozoonosis of swine].

Investigations were carried out on the influence of latent and clinically manifest Eperythrozoon suis infection upon haemostasis in swine. The study was carried out with 14 German Landrace pigs. Latent eperythrozoonosis was induced in 7 animals by experimental infection. Splenectomy of these 7 animals and 2 spontaneously infected pigs led to clinical manifestation of eperythrozoonosis. Five clinically healthy pigs were splenectomized and served as controls. In healthy pigs splenectomy was followed by a transient rise in fibrinogen and platelet count. Latent infection with Eperythrozoon suis did not cause an impairment of haemostasis. Acute eperythrozoonosis was associated with increased haemorrhagic tendency considered to be a consequence of intravascular coagulation and subsequent consumption coagulopathy. There was a prolongation of partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time (Quick) and a decrease of platelet count. Thrombelastography showed prolongation of reaction and clot building time and a short-term decrease of maximum amplitude. Deviation from normal values was proportional to the number of red blood cells infected with Eperythrozoon suis. Anti-rickettsial therapy led to quick normalization of haemostasis. Various aspects of the cause and the consequences of the haemostatic defect are discussed with special regard to the underlying disease.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗
PubMed1990

[Serologic progression studies using CF and ELISA for the detection of antibodies against Eperythrozoon suis infection of swine].

Serological studies by means of a CF-Test and Elisa were undertaken for evaluation of antibody titers against Eperythrozoon suis infection in swine. The animals were partly splenectomized and underwent artificial infection. It could be shown that the splenectomized animals showed higher and longer lasting antibody titers than the non splenectomized swine. It is stated, that the above mentioned tests can be used in diagnosis on a herd basis but not on a single animal basis.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗
PubMed1990

[The diagnosis of Eperythrozoon suis infection].

Eperythrozoon infection can be diagnosed clinically and hematologically only during acute attacks. In the febrile phase it is possible to detect the eperythrozoon organisms in the blood smear. The best method for staining is that by acridine-orange and examination by fluorescence microscopy. Serological identification (IHA, KBR, ELISA) is suitable for herd diagnosis only, because of the undulating level of the titre. In the individual case only positive results are regarded as significant. The best method to diagnose a latent infection of eperythrozoon suis is to splenectomize a suspected pig. The infection with eperythrozoon suis is a herd problem, therefore an examination should be made whenever there are pale pigs with fever, or a reduction of efficiency or an increased susceptibility to other infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Eperythrozoon infection in swine: effect on the acid-base balance and the glucose, lactate and pyruvate content of venous blood].

The influence of latent and of splenectomy-induced clinically manifest Eperythrozoon suis infection on the following parameters of the carbohydrate metabolism and the acid-base status was tested in venous blood of German Landrace pigs: Levels of glucose, lactic and pyruvic acid, blood-pH, base excess, actual bicarbonate concentration, standard bicarbonate concentration, pCO2, pO2. The latent E. suis infection resulted in a consistent decrease of blood glucose level. 23 days after infection, blood glucose was reduced by 25% of the initial value. The other parameters were not changed by latent E. suis infection. Acute Eperythrozoonosis induced severe hypoglycaemia (means Gluc, = 39.7 mg/dl and blood acidosis (means pH = 7.13). In vitro experiments showed that break-down of glucose in E. suis infected blood occurs very rapidly. There was no significant reduction of the glucose concentration in control blood that had been treated accordingly. There was an increase of lactic acid (means = 62.7 mg/dl), pyruvic acid (means = 1.86 mg/dl), and pCO2 (means = 82.1 mm Hg). The concentrations of actual bicarbonate (means = 24.8 mmol/l) and standard bicarbonate (means = 20.9 mmol/l) were lowered, and there was a negative base excess (means = -3.56 mmol/l). The ratio of lactic and pyruvic acid changed from 11:1 to 30:1. It seems likely that E. suis itself is able to metabolize glucose. Acidosis is considered to result from both the increase of lactic acid (metabolic component) and an impairment of pulmonary gas exchange (respiratory component).

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1990

[The acid-base equilibrium and carbohydrate metabolism during infection with Eperythrozoon suis].

Following on from clinical observations which point to severe metabolic disturbances in association with acute Eperythrozoon (E.) suis infection, the parameters of acid-base balance (pO2, pCO2, pH, actual bicarbonate, standard bicarbonate, base excess) as well as the glucose-, lactate- and pyruvate levels, were measured in venous blood during the course of eperythrozoonotic infection. Glucose consumption was investigated in in vitro experiments with differing numbers of pathogens. Acute E. suis infection is accompanied by a severe acidosis and hypoglycaemia. In vitro experiments showed that a rapid breakdown of glucose follows in E. suis infected blood. No significant reduction in glucose concentration was established in control blood in a comparable time period. The results give rise to the assumption that E. suis is capable of independent glucose breakdown. Both the increase in lactate concentration (metabolic component) and a disturbance of pulmonary gaseous exchange (respiratory component) are regarded as the cause of the acidosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1989

[Eperythrozoon infection in swine as a disease factor].

Infection with Eperythrozoon suis (E. suis) normally takes a latent course and depends on various factors. Only animals suffering extreme stress show clinically manifest attacks with anemia, fever and occasionally jaundice. Stress in the form of high animal-concentration in the stables, poor climatic conditions, change of stables or food or chronic general diseases predispose the pigs to clinical illness. The diagnosis of E. suis infection is made difficult by the prevalence of general diseases in the stocks. Experimental infections have shown that also latent infections with E. suis cause partly significant deviations in the red and white blood cell count as well as in the glucose and acid-base balance and lead to serologically detectable immune reactions which could be used as a basis for stock-diagnosis. It is still unknown to what extent infection with E. suis represents a factor in the manifestation of other complex diseases. Some observations, however, give reason to believe that Eperythrozoonosis as a basis infection is itself a precursor for the manifestation of widespread infectious diseases.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Indirect hemagglutination for Eperythrozoon suis detection in experimentally and spontaneously infected swine].

Ten splenectomized and non-splenectomized pigs were experimentally infected with E. suis bearing red blood cells in order to determine the antibody response. All animals were monitored for antibody titer by indirect hemagglutination over a period of 80-290 days postinfection. Latent E. suis infection only yielded a detectable antibody titer in one pig. Acutely infected pigs had a titer ranging up to 1:640. Maximum antibody response lasted only 2 months and dropped below the level of detection of our assay within 2 to 3 months. At this time, the clinical symptoms could reappear and antibodies were again detectable. However, no booster effect was observed with this second outbreak. We also determined the antibody frequency in 138 pigs from 16 herds in Southern Germany. Pigs from only 4 out of 6 clinically positive herds had antibody titer against E. suis. 20 out of 78 pigs of the clinical positive herds demonstrated a detectable E. suis antibody titer. In 10 herds that were asymptomatic and presumed uninfected all 80 pigs were serologically negative for E. suis.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗
PubMed1988

[Anesthesia in swine].

Pigs are not only anaesthetized in case of operations but often also if diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are necessary. Choice of the anaesthetic and way of application depend on the size of the patient and the indication. The only important local anaesthesia in pigs is epidural anaesthesia. It is indicated in all longer lasting painful procedures in caudal regions. The technique of this anaesthesia is described. From the possible methods of general anaesthesias, in practice injection anaesthesia has been generally accepted for several reasons. Together with barbiturate anaesthesia neurolept-analgesia with Azaperone--Metomidate has become more and more important, because with this form of anaesthesia the technically easy intra-abdominal application is possible in pigs under 15 kg of body weight.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1988

[The advantages of the use of vitamin E and selenium for the prevention and therapy of porcine stress syndrome].

In a feeding trial lasting for months Halothane-positive fattening pigs were put on a diet containing different concentrations of vitamin E and selenium. After a Myostress application vitamin E and selenium were additionally injected in order to examine stress resistance (CK-test) and regenerative capacity (histological examination of Musculus longissimus dorsi) of skeletal muscle. The study revealed that neither high dietary levels of vitamin E/selenium nor a vitamin E/selenium treatment applied after stress are capable of preventing stress related myopathy nor can they influence its healing up favourably.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Changes in the genital tract of female swine after feeding with practice-relevant amounts of zearalenone].

Zearalenone is one of the most frequent, naturally occurring mycotoxins in feedstuffs: 13.9% of 710 samples analyzed contained zearalenone in concentrations of 1.0 to 1,725 micrograms/kg. Trial feeding with female pigs demonstrated that a zearalenone concentration of 250 micrograms/kg feed produced distinct redness and swelling of the vulva, slight swelling of the mamma and numerous vesicular follicles and some cystic follicles on the ovaria. The symptoms on the external genital tract were not observed when the zearalenone concentration in the feedstuff, was 50 micrograms/kg but the section also established that vesicular follicles on the ovaria of these animals were more frequent than on the ovaria of the control animal.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1987

[Urinary bladder displacement (lateroflexio vesicae urinariae) in the sow].

In older gravid sows in the last stage of gestation or after pariturition lateroflexion of the urinary bladder into the space between the vagina and the pelvic wall occasionally occurs. The reposition of the displaced urinary bladder by exerting external pressure either on the vulva or the perineum is usually unsuccessful. Only after the bladder has been emptied by a catheter spontaneous reposition does occur. In two cases displacement of the urinary bladder occurred immediately after normal pariturition. In both cases relapses were observed after the removal of the implanted balloon catheter. Both sows had the urinary balloon catheter reinserted and it was left in place until the weaning of the piglets. There were no complications during the whole lactation period. Both sows reared their piglets and could then be slaughtered.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Poisoning in swine].

For clinical interests it is advisable to subdivide cases of swine poisoning in such as caused by food, drugs and environmental poisonings. This division gives pointers to aetiologic connections and special measures necessary for the clearing of the processes. With food poisoning mycotoxicoses play an evermore important role, whereas poisonings by trace elements are on the decrease. Sodium chloride poisoning often results primarily from insufficient water supply. With environmental poisonings carbon monoxide and cyanamide intoxication are presented. Poisonings caused by drugs are mainly the result of an overdose, of segregation in food or of non-licensed drugs. A relatively unknown swine poisoning by a drug against coccidiosis--licensed for poultry--is described.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

Kinetic profiles of diacetoxyscirpenol and two of its metabolites in blood serum of pigs.

Orally administered diacetoxyscirpenol (2 mg/kg of body weight) was rapidly absorbed into the blood serum of pigs; within 1 h, the highest amounts of diacetoxyscirpenol (9.6 to 21.9 ng/ml) were detected. Two metabolites of diacetoxyscirpenol were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy as monoacetoxyscirpenol and scirpenetriol. The three trichothecenes were present in the blood serum of pigs for only 24 h, indicating a rapid metabolism of these compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A contribution on splenectomy in swine].

Splenectomy as a diagnostic operation has gained great importance for discovering latent infection with Eperythrozoon suis. The surgical technique is described. A specially developed thread ligature guide for the ligature of the A. and V. lienalis at the dorsal pole of the spleen is presented, that allows exact setting of the ligature. For maintaining deep anaesthesia the hypnotic Etomidat is applicated by permanent infusion.

Anaplasmataceae Infections↗