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Biomedical subjects

K Hatake

Publications and source records attributed to K Hatake.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of daily administration of methamphetamine on multiple active/passive avoidance performance in rats.

The effects of daily methamphetamine (M-Amp) treatment with (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) were examined on multiple active/passive avoidance performance (MAP) in rats. After avoidance training, the animals were given M-Amp every day; on the days of learning sessions, which were on alternate days, the drug was administered at 15 min before the session. Daily administration of M-Amp produced enhancement of the number of respondings (running) as an excitatory dimension of behavior, disruption of immobilities as an inhibitory dimension, and impairment of successes as a discriminatory dimension, when compared with saline-treated rats. Following M-Amp withdrawal, recovery from these damages of learned behavior was observed, except the deterioration in the discriminative dimension. In conclusion, the MAP paradigm is good for assessing the behavioral effects of M-Amp treatment, making it easy to distinct the behavioral effects of M-Amp into excitatory-inhibitory and discriminative dimensions. It is important to distinguish the behavioral components induced by M-Amp, since the damage of learned avoidance performance consists of different dimensions in the M-Amp-treated rats. Impairment of discriminative behavior appears to demonstrate an attentional deficit, which may explain the behavioral disorderliness in M-Amp abusers who display no disturbance of apparent consciousness. These results are discussed with association of brain monoamine alterations.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A proteoglycan form of macrophage colony-stimulating factor that binds to bone-derived collagens and can be extracted from bone matrix.

We previously found that the human osteoblastic cell line MG-63 produces two molecular types of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). One is an 85-kD M-CSF, and the other is a proteoglycan form of M-CSF (PG-M-CSF) that has a binding affinity to type V collagen. The latter type of M-CSF showed dose-dependent binding to wells coated by pepsin-extracted bone collagens, whereas the 85-kD M-CSF did not. Immunoblot analysis of urea-extracted bone M-CSF revealed the presence of PG-M-CSF. PG-M-CSF contained in bone matrix may have physiological importance in the bone metabolism.

Bone Matrix↗
PubMed1993

Bleeding tendency caused by the deposit of amyloid substance in the perivascular region.

A 55-year-old woman, who had systemic amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma, had sudden development of hematomas of her lip and upper eye lid. There was no evidence of deterioration of multiple myeloma, thrombocytopenia nor deficiency of coagulation factors. Biopsy specimen showed the deposit of amyloid substance in the dermis and perivascular region. The bleeding tendency in this patient with myeloma was likely due to the deposit of amyloid substance in the vascular wall; improvement was achieved with administration of hemostatic agents.

Adrenochrome↗
PubMed1993

[A case of sudden death of a patient with glycogen storage disease type 1--delayed aftereffect of a traffic accident].

A case of sudden death of a 22-year-old man with glycogen storage disease type 1 is reported. Autopsy revealed striking hepatomegaly with round edges. The liver was yellowish and weighed 2840 g. Histologic findings showed excessive deposition of PAS-positive material in the hepatocytes and in the proximal renal tubular epithelium cells, which means the accumulation of glycogen. A mass surrounding splenic artery was seen in the hilus of the spleen. There was about 2000 ml of fresh blood and clots in the abdominal cavity due to bleeding from a ruptured mass. The mass was composed of a hematoma with connective tissue surrounding it and was a pseudoaneurysm. The mass was considered to have been formed from bleeding due to injury to a branch of a splenic artery. Consideration of these findings led to the conclusion that death was caused by loss of blood from rupture of the mass and that the mass was formed due to injury of the branch of the splenic artery in a traffic accident 2 years earlier but not the pathogenesis of glycogen storage disease.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of ethanol on isometric tone of aorta from guinea pig].

Using aortic strips isolated from guinea pig, effects of ethanol on vascular smooth muscle tone were studied. Low concentrations (5, 50, 100 mM) of ethanol potentiated norepinephrine and serotonin-induced contractions, but not KCl-induced one. Ethanol (100 mM) potentiated calcium-induced contraction in the presence of norepinephrine, but not that in the presence of KCl. Ethanol (100 mM) showed no effects on norepinephrine-induced contraction in the calcium-free medium. Ethanol (100 mM) augmented 45Ca uptake stimulated with norepinephrine, but not that with KCl. Ethanol at the higher concentration of 600 mM by itself induced contraction, which was inhibited by trifluoperazine or in the calcium-free medium, but not by phentolamine, diphenhydramine, methysergide, indomethacin or nifedipine. Ethanol (600 mM) directly increased 45Ca uptake, which was not affected by nifedipine. These findings indicate that the low concentrations of ethanol potentiate receptor-mediated vascular smooth muscle contraction and the higher concentration of ethanol directly contracts it via facilitation of transmembranous calcium influx.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Refractory bilateral pneumothoraces complicated with interstitial pneumonitis after bone marrow transplantation].

We report here a case of 33 year-old-man with refractory bilateral pneumothoraces during the treatment for interstitial pneumonitis 6 months after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). He was diagnosed as having acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) M1. He was treated with chemotherapy, and cerebral irradiation. BMT was performed in August 1989 from a sibling donor whose human leukocyte antigen was matched, ABO blood type mismatched. Preconditioning regimen was cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation (TBI). BMT was successful without major graft versus host disease. Thereafter he complained of respiratory symptom and was admitted on June 14 1990. Computed tomogram (CT) scan showed interstitial and alveolar shadows. We started the treatment against bacterial infection, Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and against interstitial pneumonitis with bolus dose of steroid. The transbronchial lung biopsy specimen revealed interstitial pneumonitis without typical CMV nor pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Although a CT scan showed improvement of pneumonitis, bilateral pneumothoraces occurred. The adhesion therapy became successful after the reduction of steroid dosage. A pneumothorax rarely occurs after BMT. In this case it is speculated that TBI might be responsible for interstitial pneumonitis, and the steroid might have inhibited the adhesion therapy of pneumothorax.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of methamphetamine and ethanol on learning and brain neurotransmitters in rats.

The interactions of methamphetamine (MAMP) and ethanol (EtOH) on multiple active/passive avoidance performance and neurotransmitters in different brain regions were examined. After the acquisition schedules, rats were retrained under the influence of MAMP (2 mg/kg/day, IP), EtOH (2 g/kg/day, IP), and in combination over 20 days in rats (n = 6 per group). As a function of progress of drug treatment, MAMP-EtOH mixtures disrupt the learned avoidance performance and produced severe impairment of discriminative behavior caused by enhancement of excitability induced by MAMP when compared with MAMP only. At withdrawal, MAMP-EtOH-induced impairments of performance significantly persisted, whereas MAMP-only-induced impairments slightly recovered. At the eleventh day drug withdrawal, MAMP-only-induced alterations of neurotransmitter levels at different regions were alleviated by EtOH, but these did not return to normal levels. These data provide support for the direct antagonistic and indirect additive interactions following constant daily treatment with a combination of MAMP and EtOH. EtOH may be an important factor in MAMP abuse to MAMP-induced psychosis or neurotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of aging on contractile response to KCl, norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in isolated human basilar artery.

1. We investigated the effect of aging on contractile response in human basilar artery. 2. The maximal contraction caused by KCl, norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine decreased with age. 3. ED50 value for norepinephrine or 5-hydroxytryptamine did not correlate with age. 4. These results suggest that the decrease in contractile response is due to nonspecific changes in the medial structure of the artery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Ammonium ion increases the tone of rat portal vein.

1. The effect of ammonium ion on vascular tone was investigated using the portal vein isolated from rat. 2. Ammonium chloride at 10-90 mM induced a contractile response. 3. Spontaneous twitch contraction of portal strips was augmented by ammonium chloride at 10-60 mM. 4. Ammonium chloride-induced contraction was abolished in calcium-free solution or in the presence of 1 microM nifedipine. 5. Methylamine (60 mM) also induced a contractile response and augmented the spontaneous twitch contraction in rat portal vein. 6. After withdrawal of ammonium chloride or methylamine from the organ bath solution, the spontaneous twitch contraction was strongly inhibited. 7. These results suggest that ammonium compounds increase vascular tone by causing influx of extracellular calcium through the voltage-dependent calcium channel and intracellular alkalinization is involved in this process.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1992

Vasorelaxant effect of trapidil on human basilar artery.

We have investigated the vasorelaxant effect of trapidil on human isolated basilar artery. Trapidil (10(-5)-10(-4) M) dose-dependently caused relaxation in vascular strips with or without endothelium, with no significant difference between the two types of strips. The relaxation responses were not inhibited by atropine, propranolol or methylene blue. Trapidil increased the concentration of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a prostacyclin degradation product, released from an artery ring in the incubation medium, but trapidil-induced relaxation was not inhibited by indomethacin. Pretreatment of vascular strips with 10(-5) M trapidil increased the relaxation responses to forskolin and dibutyryladenosine cyclic monophosphate but not to sodium nitroprusside or 8-bromoguanosine cyclic monophosphate. Trapidil induced a significant increase in the cAMP concentration but not in the cGMP concentration in artery strips. These results suggest that the relaxation response to trapidil is not caused by prostacyclin release or an increase in cGMP in the smooth muscle, but possibly by an increase in the cAMP levels, probably via an inhibitory effect on cAMP phosphodiesterase.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1992

Impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation in human basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the alterations in vascular reactivity of human basilar artery after subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: Human basilar arteries were obtained from subjects who died within 1 day after subarachnoid hemorrhage and control subjects who died from causes other than brain involvement. Basilar artery strips were suspended for isometric tension recording in Krebs-Ringer solution. Morphometric study was also carried out on paraffin-embedded sections stained with van Gieson's elastica stain of preselected sites from the basilar arteries. The intimal and medial area and the intimal index ([intimal area/area circumscribed by internal elastic lamina] x 100) were evaluated. RESULTS: Contractile responses to KCl, norepinephrine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine did not differ between subarachnoid hemorrhage and control groups. The endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to thrombin, bradykinin, and calcium ionophore A23187 were less for the subarachnoid hemorrhage group than for the control group. However, the endothelium-independent response to sodium nitroprusside of the subarachnoid hemorrhage group did not differ from that of the control group. Morphometric measurements were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the decreased relaxation responses to thrombin and bradykinin occur at the level of endothelial cells and not smooth muscle cells and that decreased relaxation may be involved in delayed vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Although the decreased relaxation was observed within 1 day after subarachnoid hemorrhage, a period in which delayed spasm does not occur, this time difference may be dependent on the severity of bleeding after rupture of an aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Erythroleukemia in pregnancy with successful outcome of delivery].

A 37-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of anemia in the 33rd week of pregnancy. On admission, the hemoglobin was 7.6 g/dl, platelets 508,000/microliters and WBC 8,300/microliters with 4% blast cells. Bone marrow aspirate demonstrated 50% erythroblasts of nucleated cells, which had prominent megaloid and polynucleic changes, and 20% myeloblast cells. We diagnosed her as having erythroleukemia. Receiving packed-red-cell transfusions, she had a cesarean section, and gave birth to a female infant (BW 2,175 g) in the 34th week of pregnancy. At the same time, she had a total hysterectomy with left adnexectomy. The postoperative course was favorable. She had a combination chemotherapy of BHAC-DMP, resulting in a partial remission. After the second induction chemotherapy with subcutaneous use of G-CSF and BHAC-DMP, complete remission was obtained, which lasted for almost 17 months. The child is growing well without any hematological disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Potentiating effect of NH4Cl on vasoconstriction in rat aorta.

The effect on the vasocontractile response of pretreatment with NH4Cl at a concentration (10 mM) that made almost no change in the resting tension was investigated using aortic strips from rats. NH4Cl pretreatment for 10 min significantly potentiated strip contractions induced by KCl (less than or equal to 30 mM), BAY K 8644 (0.1 microM) and phenylephrine (0.01 microM). This potentiating action of NH4Cl was eliminated in presence of nifedipine (1 microM). KCl (14.7 mM)-stimulated 45Ca uptake in rat aorta was significantly potentiated by pretreatment with NH4Cl (10 mM) for 10 min, but this NH4Cl effect was also eliminated in the presence of nifedipine. These results suggest that NH4Cl potentiates contractions induced by KCl and agonists in rat aorta by facilitating calcium influx through the nifedipine-sensitive calcium channel.

3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethy↗
PubMed1991

In vivo stem cell function of interleukin-3-induced blast cells.

The treatment of mice with high doses of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) results in an enrichment of primitive hematopoietic progenitors. Using this procedure, we obtained a new class of murine hematopoietic colonies that had very high secondary plating efficiencies in vitro and could differentiate into not only myeloid cells but also into lymphoid lineage cells. The phenotypes of interleukin-3 (IL-3) induced blast colony cells were Thy-1-positive and lineage-marker-negative. We examined whether these blast colony cells contained primitive hematopoietic stem cells in vivo and could reconstitute hematopoietic tissues in lethally irradiated mice. Blast colony cells could generate macroscopic visible spleen colonies on days 8 and 12, and 5 x 10(3) blast cells were sufficient to protect them from lethally irradiation. It was shown that 6 or 8 weeks after transplantation of 5 x 10(3) blast cells, donor male cells were detected in the spleen and thymus of the female recipients but not in the bone marrow by Southern blot analysis using Y-encoded DNA probe. After 10 weeks, bone marrow cells were partially repopulated from donor cells. In a congenic mouse system, donor-derived cells (Ly5.2) were detected in the thymus and spleen 6 weeks after transplantation. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses showed that B cells and macrophages developed from donor cells in the spleen. In the thymus, donor-derived cells were found in CD4, CD8 double-positive, single-positive, and double-negative populations. Reconstitution of bone marrow was delayed and myeloid and lymphoid cells were detected 10 weeks after transplantation. These results indicate that IL-3-induced blast cells contain the primitive hematopoietic stem cells capable of reconstituting hematopoietic organs in lethally irradiated mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mechanisms of ex vivo aortic hypocontractility in endotoxemic rat.

To clarify the mechanism of the vascular hypocontractility in endotoxemia, the effect of endotoxin injection on phosphatidylinositol turnover and the contractile responses to NH4Cl and okadaic acid were investigated in aorta dissected from rats. The basal level of phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and the phenylephrine- and 5-hydroxytryptamine-stimulated increase in hydrolysis were all markedly reduced in endotoxemic aortas as compared to in control aortas. Stimulation with KCl did not increase phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in control or endotoxemic aortas. The NH4Cl-induced contractile response was significantly diminished in endotoxemic aorta, whereas the okadaic acid-induced contractile response was not altered. These results suggest that both transmembrane and intracellular signal transduction mechanisms are impaired in the endotoxemic artery whereas the contractile machinery remains intact.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Inhibitory effect of the endothelium on thrombin-induced contraction in rabbit aorta.

1. Thrombin caused a tonic contractile response in rabbit aortic strips which showed tachyphylaxis. 2. Thrombin-induced contraction was partially dependent upon extracellular calcium. 3. Contractile response by lower concentrations of thrombin was suppressed by the endothelium. This endothelial effect was blocked by methylene blue, hemoglobin, bromophenacyl bromide or removal of extracellular calcium but not by indomethacin, nordihydroguaiaretic acid or nifedipine. 4. Cyclic GMP levels were not different between the thrombin-stimulated and control strips. 5. Thrombin could not stimulate prostacyclin release from the aortic strips. 6. These results suggest that thrombin possesses a contractile action in rabbit aortic smooth muscle which is attenuated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) spontaneously released from the endothelium during the contraction.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1991

Development of tolerance to inhibitory effect of ethanol on endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in ethanol-fed rats.

Rats were maintained on liquid diets containing ethanol (35% of total calories) or an equicaloric volume of sucrose instead of ethanol for 10 wk. Vascular strips of isolated rat aortas were mounted in organ chambers to record isometric tension. Ethanol in vitro inhibited the endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine and ATP in both pair-fed control and ethanol-fed rats. The inhibitory effect of ethanol was greater in the pair-fed rats. In addition, the magnitudes of these relaxation responses in the absence of ethanol in vitro in pair-fed rats were similar to those in the presence of ethanol in ethanol-fed rats. In the absence of ethanol in vitro, the relaxations in response to acetylcholine and ATP in the ethanol-fed rats were greater than in the pair-fed rats. These results suggest that chronic ethanol consumption can induce tolerance to ethanol-induced inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to acetylcholine and ATP, and that the relaxations can become adapted to the presence of plasma levels of ethanol, which may inhibit the relaxation in vivo. The augmented relaxation in the ethanol-fed rats may result from the mechanism causing tolerance to the inhibitory effect of ethanol.

Acetylcholine↗