Maternal oxygen administration and fetal blood flow velocity waveforms in AGA and SGA infants.
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Blood Flow Velocity↗
Biomedical subjects
K Hata
Publications and source records attributed to K Hata.
New pelvic sonoangiography for detection of endometrial carcinoma: a preliminary report.
Pelvic sonoangiography (PSAG) using transvaginal color Doppler was done on 16 postmenopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding. Seven women had no endometrial carcinoma and nine had carcinoma. No flow was detected around and within the endometrium in noncancer patients. PSAG showed a feeder artery (blood flow with pulsation that runs into and clings to the tumor) in all patients with endometrial carcinoma, and intratumor blood flow (a mixture of pulsating and constant flow within the tumor) was evident in 7 of 9 patients with endometrial carcinoma. These findings were confirmed by conventional pelvic angiography. In the diagnostic evaluation of PSAG for endometrial carcinoma, both sensitivity and specificity were 100%. We conclude that PSAG with transvaginal color Doppler can be used to detect endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding and that this method might be applicable to selecting patients who really require diagnostic surgery for endometrial cancer.
Aged↗
Ovarian tumors of low malignant potential: transvaginal Doppler ultrasound features.
Twenty-nine patients with ovarian tumors were studied with transvaginal Doppler ultrasound before surgery. After surgery, pathological examination revealed that 26 tumors were benign and 3 were of low malignant potential (LMP). B-mode sonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging showed no positive findings for malignancy in these 3 cases of LMP. Serum levels of the CA-125, tissue polypeptide antigen, and carcinoembryonic antigen were also within the normal range. Blood flow velocity waveforms were evaluated by the calculation of the resistance index (RI). There was a significant difference between the RI value (0.818 +/- 0.223) in benign tumors and that (0.418 +/- 0.072) in LMP (P less than 0.01). When the 0.56 (mean of LMP tumor RI value + 2SD) was considered as the cutoff value of RI, the sensitivity was 100% and the specificity was 88.5%. Transvaginal Doppler ultrasound provides a useful diagnostic information for the differentiation of benign and LMP ovarian tumors before surgery.
Adult↗
Trypsinized osteoclast-like multinucleated cells formed in rat bone marrow cultures efficiently form resorption lacunae on dentine.
Rat bone marrow cultures containing 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3] formed multinucleated cells (MNCs) that had many characteristics of osteoclasts. These MNCs, which have a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, could be classified into two morphological types: one type had smooth cellular margins (smooth-margined MNCs) and the other type had irregular spike-like margins (stellate MNCs). When bone marrow cells depleted of authentic osteoclasts were seeded and cultured on dentine slices, only low numbers of resorption lacunae could be detected. However, when preformed MNCs were detached by trypsinization and replated on dentine slices, numerous resorption lacunae were observed by scanning electron microscopy on these slices. Formation of lacunae occurred reproducibly during the five to ten days of culture. We also examined the effect of retinoic acid on TRAP-positive MNC formation in this bone marrow culture system. Although RA inhibited total TRAP-positive MNC formation, it increased the ratio of stellate MNCs to smooth-margined MNC, suggesting that RA may have the ability to regulate the formation of active osteoclasts.
Animals↗
Penile reconstruction with de-epithelized superficial external pudendal artery flap.
Complete loss of skin, Buck's fascia and tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum occurred on both sides of the penile shaft after placement of a penile prosthesis for the treatment of Peyronie's disease. We describe this unusual complication and surgical reconstruction of the penis with a de-epithelized superficial external pudendal artery axial pattern flap (January 1988). A good result was obtained.
Humans↗
Determination of left ventricular volume using a conductance catheter in the diseased human heart.
To validate the accuracy of human left ventricular (LV) volume measured by the conductance catheter method, conductance volume was compared with LV volume measured by biplane angiography in 19 patients with ischaemic heart disease. Angiographic LV volumes were calculated frame by frame and matched with instantaneous conductance volumes. Calibration was determined by both gain constant, 1/alpha, and parallel conductance, alpha V c. The gain constant, 1/alpha, was the ratio of stroke volume measured by the thermodilution method to that measured by the conductance catheter. The parallel conductance, alpha Vc, was estimated by the saline injection method. There was a good correlation between the corrected conductance volume (Vcc) and the angiographic volume (V angio) such that Vcc = 0.94 V angio + 5.3 ml, r = 0.94, P < 0.001. There were no differences in the correlation coefficients between normal and depressed hearts. Compared with the angiographic data, LV end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and ejection fraction were determined accurately by the conductance catheter. We conclude that the conductance catheter method, corrected for gain constant and parallel conductance, can accurately and continuously estimate the LV volume throughout the cardiac cycle in the diseased human heart.
Aged↗
alpha-l-Arabinofuranosidase from Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Seeds.
An alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase has been purified 1043-fold from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds. The purified enzyme was a homogeneous glycoprotein consisting of a single polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 64,000 and an isoelectric point value of 4.7, as evidenced by denaturing gel electrophoresis and reversed-phase or size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography and isoelectric focusing. The enzyme characteristically catalyzes the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl alpha-l-arabinofuranoside and p-nitrophenyl beta-d-xylopyranoside in a constant ratio (3:1) of the initial velocities at pH 4.5, whereas the corresponding alpha-l-arabinopyranoside and beta-d-xylofuranoside are unsusceptible. The following evidence was provided to support that a single enzyme with one catalytic site was responsible for the specificity: (a) high purity of the enzyme preparation, (b) an invariable ratio of the activities toward the two substrates throughout the purification steps, (c) a parallelism of the activities in activation with bovine serum albumin and in heat inactivation of the enzyme as well as in the inhibition with heavy metal ions and sugars such as Hg(2+), Ag(+), l-arabino-(1-->4)-lactone, and d-xylose, and (d) results of the mixed substrate kinetic analysis using the two substrates. The enzyme was shown to split off alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl residues in sugar beet arabinan, soybean arabinan-4-galactan, and radish seed and leaf arabinogalactan proteins. Arabinose and xylose were released by the action of the enzyme on oat-spelt xylan. Synergistic action of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase and beta-d-galactosidase on radish seed arabinogalactan protein resulted in the extensive degradation of the carbohydrate moiety.
Journal Article↗
Tenascin expression in human chronic liver disease and in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Tenascin is an oligomeric glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix synthesized during embryonic development. It is prominently expressed in a variety of tumors. The role of tenascin in liver tissue is, however, unknown. We used immunocytochemistry to define the localization of tenascin and compare this with the localization of non-collagenous proteins, such as laminin and fibronectin, in normal human liver and pathological liver from patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In normal liver, tenascin expression was localized along the sinusoidal and vascular wall. In fibrotic liver, tenascin was also observed in the region between the hepatic parenchyma and the fibrosing portal tracts, especially in areas of piecemeal necrosis in chronic hepatitis. Immuno-EM study of liver tissue in chronic hepatitis strongly suggested the synthesis and secretion of tenascin by fat-storing cells into the space of Disse. In hepatocellular carcinoma, tenascin was expressed in both the capsule and lobular septa, but not in the sinusoidal walls of the tumors. These results led us to postulate a close relationship between the occurrence of this protein and disease processes such as fibrosis and cancer invasion.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of E1077, a novel parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum.
E1077 is a new injectable cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The in vitro activities of E1077 against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MIC of E1077 for 90% of the strains tested [MIC90], 0.78 microgram/ml) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC90, 50 micrograms/ml) were similar to those of cefpirome and flomoxef. Against Enterococcus faecalis (MIC90, 6.25 micrograms/ml), E1077 was the most active of the drugs tested and four times more active than cefpirome. The MIC90S of E1077 for streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae ranged from 0.05 to 0.78 microgram/ml; E1077 was similar in activity to cefpirome. E1077 inhibited 90% of most species of the family Enterobacteriaceae at concentrations of less than or equal to 1.56 micrograms/ml, with the exception of Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris (12.5 micrograms/ml). The activity of E1077 against P. aeruginosa (MIC90, 6.25 micrograms/ml) was comparable to that of ceftazidime. In vivo activity was evaluated with systemic infections in mice. E1077 showed a protective effect against systemic infections by gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria, as reflected by its in vitro activity. The protective effects of E1077 were higher than those of cefpirome against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa infections and similar to those of cefpirome against other bacterial infections. Morphological studies using differential interference and phase-contrast microscopy showed that low concentrations of E1077 caused swelling of S. aureus and spheroplast and bulge formation in P. aeruginosa. In general, the antibacterial profile of E1077 is similar to that of cefpirome.
Animals↗
Comparable efficiencies of chemomechanical energy transduction between beating and fibrillating dog hearts.
We have recently proposed a mechanical index, equivalent pressure-volume (PV) area (ePVA), as a measure of the total mechanical energy during ventricular fibrillation (VF). ePVA, an analogue of the PV area (PVA) of a beating heart, is the area surrounded by the isobaric line drawn at the VF pressure, the end-systolic and end-diastolic PV relations of the beating state. In the present study, using a closed-air chamber system, we actually produced isobaric contractions, PVAs of which were identical with ePVAs during VF. Myocardial O2 consumption (VO2) during VF was measured and compared with the estimated value from VO2 of isobaric contraction with identical PVA and equivalent heart rate (eHR). eHR, an estimate of the contraction frequency of each myocyte during VF, was determined from unloaded VO2 in beating and fibrillating states. The efficiency of the energy conversion from VO2 for mechanical purposes to the total mechanical energy (contractile efficiency) during VF was calculated as the reciprocal of the slope of the VO2-ePVA relation. The estimated VO2 during VF agreed with measured VO2 (r = 0.96, regression coefficient = 1.13). The slope of the VO2-ePVA relation during VF was not different from that in the beating state in all hearts by analysis of covariance, and mean contractile efficiency during VF (51 +/- 23%) was not significantly different from that in the beating state (40 +/- 12%). We conclude that 1) ePVA is considered to represent the total mechanical energy during VF, and 2) contractile efficiency during VF is comparable to that in the beating state.
Animals↗
Fetal atrial measurements before and after delivery: correlation with plasma atrial natriuretic peptide.
Fetal and early neonatal atrial measurements correlating with plasma atrial natriuretic peptide were studied to evaluate the circulatory change before and after delivery in a longitudinal study of 10 normal fetuses from 1 week before until 5 days after delivery. Before delivery, right atrial area value was significantly larger than that of left atrial area; however, there were no significant differences between left and right atrial areas after delivery. Right atrial area value before delivery was significantly larger than those after delivery, whereas the left atrial area did not change before and after delivery. Combined atrial area value before delivery was also larger than those after delivery. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide values did not change after delivery. These results suggest that the change from fetal to neonatal circulation mainly caused by the pulmonary circulation induces the change of right atrial size before and after delivery.
Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗
Mechanoenergetic effects of pimobendan in canine left ventricles. Comparison with dobutamine.
BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that the effect of pimobendan (UD-CG 115 BS) to increase calcium sensitivity of contractile protein might result in less myocardial oxygen consumption (VO2) in comparison with dobutamine when they enhance ventricular contractility to the same extent. To examine this hypothesis, we compared the effects of pimobendan and dobutamine on left ventricular contractility and energetics using the frameworks of Emax (contractility index) and the relation between VO2 and PVA (systolic pressure-volume area, a measure of left ventricular total mechanical energy). METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured VO2, Emax, PVA, and force-time integral (FTI) in excised, cross-circulated, nonfailing dog hearts. The slope of the VO2-PVA relation reciprocally indicates the efficiency from PVA-dependent VO2 to the total mechanical energy (contractile efficiency). The VO2 intercept of the VO2-PVA relation, i.e., PVA-independent VO2, reflects energy utilization for excitation-contraction coupling. The ratio of FTI to PVA-dependent VO2 can be called contractile economy. Both drugs comparably enhanced Emax. Although the contractile economy was greater by 14 +/- 19% (p less than 0.05) for pimobendan than for dobutamine, the contractile efficiency was similar between the two drugs. Oxygen cost of contractility, defined as the slope of the relation between the PVA-independent VO2 and Emax, was the same between the two drugs. Other mechanoenergetic effects of both drugs were similar except for a greater coronary vasodilating effect of pimobendan. CONCLUSIONS: Pimobendan has almost the same mechanoenergetic effects as dobutamine but slightly greater contractile economy and coronary vasodilation. The calcium-sensitizing effect of pimobendan did not save the oxygen cost of contractility.
Animals↗
12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate inhibits osteoclast-like cell differentiation in rat bone marrow cultures by inducing macrophage polykaryons.
The tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) at 10(-9) M stimulated the formation of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNCs) in the presence of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat bone marrow cultures. However, at 10(-7) M, it clearly inhibited 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-dependent osteoclast-like MNC formation at 6 days of culture. In cultures treated with 10(-7) M TPA, numerous MNCs that lack the marker enzyme tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were formed. These TRAP-negative MNCs had neither receptors for calcitonin nor dentine-resorbing activity. The reactivity of the cells against antirat macrophage antibodies was completely different from that of authentic osteoclasts. These data suggest that TRAP-negative MNCs formed in the presence of 10(-7) M TPA are macrophage polykaryons. Time-course studies showed that 10(-7) M TPA stimulated osteoclast-like MNC formation at 4 days of culture, but these osteoclast-like MNCs were converted to TRAP-negative MNCs. Furthermore, 1-(5-isoquinolinyl-sulfonyl)2-methylpiperazine (H-7), a protein kinase-C inhibitor, inhibited osteoclast-like MNC formation in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that activation of protein kinase-C may play a role in osteoclast differentiation.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗
Left ventricular contractility and energetic cost in disease models--an approach from the pressure-volume diagram.
Left ventricular contractility and the energetic cost of contraction were assessed in various disease models in experimental animals utilizing frameworks of Emax (left ventricular contractility index) and pressure-volume area (PVA, a measure of total left ventricular mechanical energy expenditure) derived from the pressure-volume (P-V) diagram. Under various contractile conditions, PVA linearly correlates with myocardial oxygen consumption per beat (VO2) in a load-independent manner. The reciprocal of the slope of the linear VO2-PVA relation indicates "contractile efficiency" (the energy transduction efficiency from oxygen to total mechanical energy). It was similar between dog and rabbit hearts (about 40%) and was not significantly affected by enhanced contractility with calcium, epinephrine, or cardiac cooling, or by depressed contractility with propranolol, decreased coronary perfusion pressure, or stunned myocardium. However, in thyrotoxic rabbit hearts contractile efficiency was significantly depressed compared to normal hearts. On the other hand, the VO2 intercept of the VO2-PVA relation (PVA-independent VO2), which reflects VO2 for non-mechanical activities such as excitation-contraction coupling and basal metabolism, positively correlates with Emax. Therefore, the ratio of an increase in PVA-independent VO2 to an increase in Emax indicates "oxygen cost of contractility". Oxygen cost of contractility was higher in stunned myocardium than in normal hearts, suggesting that the energy cost of calcium handling is elevated in stunned myocardium. Thus, using the frameworks of Emax and PVA, we can interconnect cardiac mechanics and energetics. Further, using the concepts of contractile efficiency and oxygen cost of contractility, we can approach the pathogenesis of variously altered contractile conditions.
Animals↗
Assessment of left ventricular function using a conductance catheter in the human heart.
To validate the usefulness of the conductance catheter in the clinical setting, we first studied the accuracy of human left ventricular (LV) volume measured by conductance catheter in comparison with LV volume measured by biplane angiography in 19 patients with heart disease. Secondly, we made a comparison of end-systolic pressure volume relation (ESPVR) and preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) relation in 60 patients with heart disease. Thirdly, we studied the myocardial oxygen consumption (VO2)-pressure volume area (PVA) relation to assess contractile efficiency in 22 patients with heart disease. There was a good correlation between the corrected conductance volume (Vcc) and the angiographic volume (V angio) (Vcc = 0.94 Vangio + 5.4, r = 0.94, P less than 0.001). Two relations, ESPVR and PRSW, were well described by straight lines with high correlation coefficients. However, PRSW was a more linear contractile index than ESPVR. The reciprocal of the slope of the VO2-PVA relation was approximately 40% in the control contractile state. We conclude that the conductance catheter accurately measures LV volumes and facilitates the assessment of ESPVR, PRSW and contractile efficiency in human LV.
Cardiac Catheterization↗
Constant efficiency versus variable economy of cardiac contraction.
An intriguing aspect of cardiac mechanoenergetics is the smaller variability of the contractile efficiency than the energy economy of force. We theoretically speculated about this dissociation by relating the mechanical efficiency with Po/a (the curvature of the force-velocity curve) in Hill's characteristic equation of muscle; Po/a is known to change with the energy economy and inversely with Vmax and myosin ATPase activity. The analysis showed that the variability is smaller for the mechanical efficiency than for Po/a and that the energy economy changes approximately with (Po/a)3. These theoretical relations may partly explain the small variability of the empirically observed contractile efficiency under various experimental conditions which are known to widely change the energy economy.
Animals↗
[A method for storage of urine samples in the biological monitoring of organic solvents].
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Animals↗
Multiple forms of mammalian sialidase: altered expression in carcinogenesis.
We have demonstrated that rat liver contains at least four types of sialidase differing in subcellular location, in catalytic property and immunologically. They are intralysosomal, cytosolic and membrane-associated sialidases I and II. Membrane sialidase I locates mainly in plasma membrane and sialidase II in lysosomal membrane. Immunological study reveals that the same types of sialidase exist in various tissues of rat and of other mammalian species. Based on these results, we examined the sialidases in rat hepatomas and in transformed cells of JB6 mouse epidermal cell. Hepatomas were found to possess four types of sialidase and the three of them altered quantitatively. Intralysosomal sialidase activity was higher but cytosolic and lysosomal membrane sialidase activities were lower in hepatomas than in control liver. When the sialidases of transformants of JB6 cells were compared with those of control cells, the activities of two lysosomal sialidases were decreased and contrarily plasma membrane sialidase was increased. We discussed a possible significance of the sialidase alterations in carcinogenesis.
Animals↗