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Biomedical subjects

K Hassanein

Publications and source records attributed to K Hassanein.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Effects of behavioral and medical variables on fetal growth retardation.

Cigarette smoking, indulging in certain drugs, restricting maternal weight gain in pregnancy, failing to obtain sufficient prenatal care, undertaking pregnancy at too early or too advanced on age, and being underweight for height at conception have in the past been identified with either increased premature births or births of term infants with fetal growth retardation. Each of these seven variables contains an element of maternal choice and has therefore been labeled by us as a behavioral variable. The combined group of mothers having these seven behavior variables was compared to a smaller group of mothers with medical complications and to a control group of mothers with neither behavioral nor medical variables. In the control group, there was a remarkably low incidence of premature births under 37 weeks (1 per cent), of term infants who had short body lengths at birth for their fetal ages (1.4 per cent), and of low-birth-weight infants (1 per cent). As the number of seven behavioral variables increased from none to three or more per pregnancy, the incidences of premature births, of short-for-dates term infants, and of low-birth-weight infants increased proportionately and significantly. The incidences of these seven behavioral variables, occurring either singly or in combination, were inverse to the mothers' socioeconomic status. However, the incidences of premature births, of growth-retarded term infants, and of low-birth-weight infants were high among mothers who had two or more behavioral variables in their pregnancies regardless of the mothers' socioeconomic status. The group of mothers with behavioral variables in comparison to the smaller group of mothers with medical complications had lower incidences but higher absolute numbers of premature infants, of growth-retarded term infants, and of low-birth-weight infants. Mothers who had medical complications as well as behavioral variables had more growth-retarded term infants than mothers with medical complications alone.

Behavior↗
PubMed1977

Postnatal somatic growth in infants with atypical fetal growth patterns.

We differentiate patterns of postnatal physical growth in 61 fullterm newborns with either normal or atypical somatic fetal growth. At birth, 14 normal babies had average ponderal indices, 14 were overweight for length (high ponderal index), 18 were underweight for length (low ponderal index), and 15 had short crown-heel lengths for dates and normal ponderal indices. Appropriate statistical analyses determined attained and velocity growth of the four groups during the first postnatal year. Statistically significant and marked differences in postnatal growth were noted between short babies and babies with low ponderal indices. The slow postnatal growth of the short infants appeared to be a continuum of their fetal growth pattern. On the other hand, infants born with low ponderal indices accelerated their weight gains and reversed the malnourished state in which they were born. These findings suggest that there are two distinct types of fetal growth retardation.

Appetite↗
PubMed1976

Fetal growth retardation in relation to maternal smoking and weight gain in pregnancy.

Two types of fetal growth retardation were recognized in term infants. One type was characterized by an abnormally low ponderal index (defined as birth weight in grams X 100 divided by crown-heel length in cubic centimeters.) The other type of growth-retarded infants had abnormally short crown-heel lengths for fetal age. Both types were observed under all conditions studied. However, mothers who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy were more likely to have infants with short body lengths for dates, whereas mothers who had low weight gain in pregnancy were more likely to have infants with low ponderal indices. Social group, prepregnancy weight, parity, marital status, and fetal sex were found to be less determinant of fetal growth than were maternal weight gain and smoking habits.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1976

Socioeconomic factors in relation to fetal growth in white infants.

Over 1,200 white mothers who were delivered consecutively at this medical center were classified in four different socioeconomic classes according to family affluence and occupations of the heat of the household. The frequency of low-birth-weight infants was highest in the lowest socioeconomic class. The high incidence of LBW infants in the lowest socioeconiomic group was not affected by any significant increase in number of mothers with medical problems or medical complications of pregnancy; it was dependent on the large number of mothers who were involved in four specific practices, largely of their own choosing, including low-weight gains, cigarette smoking, use of certain drugs during pregnancy, and refraining from all prenatal care. Mothers in the four socioeconomic classes who were not involved with these four specific practices (smoking, etc.) and whose pregnancies were free of medical problems and complications had uniformly low incidences of LBW infants and the mean birth weights of their infants were uniformly high and not significantly different. Unfavorable outcome of pregnancy with respect to fetal growth in this study appeared to depend less directly on socioeconomic circumstances than on the four specific maternal practices listed above.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1976

Use of clindamycin in patients with liver disease.

Hepatotoxicity has been noted by several investigators during parenteral use of clindamycin, and some have reported that drug half-life is prolonged in the presence of liver disease. We administered 300 mg of clindamycin intravenously at 12-h intervals for 2 days to patients with acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and controls to determine whether clindamycin will exacerbate preexisting hepatic dysfunction or whether drug excretion will be delayed in patients with liver disease as compared with controls. Exacerbation of hepatotoxicity was not found in this study. There was a small, but significant, delay in drug elimination between cirrhotics and controls, even after the first dose of clindamycin (P < 0.05); however, half-lives in all categories were in the range usually considered normal. We conclude that clindamycin can be used in liver disease in some circumstances, if proper precautions are exercised.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A two-year crossover therapeutic trial with halofenate and clofibrate.

Twelve patients with Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia were treated with clofibrate and halofenate in a double blind, crossover trial for two years. Drug intake was monitored by determination of the level of the drugs in serum. Halofenate and clofibrate were equally effective in lowering plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels. Patients who were secretors of ABO blood group antigens in saliva had a greater hypocholesterolemic response to both drugs than those who were nonsecretors. Clofibrate treatment resulted in a significant rise of low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Both drugs lowered serum bilirubin levels and this effect had a significant positive correlation with that on uric acid levels. Halofenate had a greater hypouricemic effect than clofibrate and may be a useful drug for treatment of patients with Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia who have concomitant hyperuricemia.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Replantation and amputation of digits: user analysis.

There now is extensive literature on the survival and function of replanted digits but little on the function of the hand as a whole after this procedure, as opposed to amputations. In our review of the literature, we found almost nothing on the patient's perspective of the outcome from these procedures. This study was a preliminary attempt to study the outcome of these procedures from the patient's viewpoint. There were nine replantations and ten amputations of digits in the final study groups, based on medical record screening and patient questionnaires. Multivariate analysis, Hotelling T2, was used to test significant differences between the variables in the two groups. Significant differences were found in the two groups. The replantations had longer lengths of treatment and therapy, were off work longer (34.4 wk of therapy and 40 wk off work), and rated their function poorer compared with amputations. The patients with digit amputations had 7.2 wk of therapy and lost 6.8 wk of work. Ninety percent of the amputees rated their function as good or excellent, in contrast to 44.4% of the replantation patients. These findings are supported by existing literature that suggests that single-digit replants do not help with function of the whole hand, which is the therapeutic aim.

Absenteeism↗