Mechanism and dynamics of closed head injuries (preliminary report).
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Acceleration↗
Biomedical subjects
K Hashizume
Publications and source records attributed to K Hashizume.
[Clinical application of an absorbable substitute for the dura mater--with special reference to gelatin].
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Brain Injuries↗
Recovery of motor-unit function after peripheral nerve injury in aged rats.
The potential capacity of aged motoneurons for the reconstruction of motor-units after nerve crush injury was studied in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle of male Fischer rats. The MG nerve in middle-aged (8 months old) and aged (24 months) rats was aseptically crushed under pentobarbital anesthesia. After a 3-month recovery period, the animal was reanesthetized and physiological properties of individual motor-units were recorded. The three different types (fast twitch, fatigable: FF; fast twitch, fatigue resistant: FR and slow twitch: S) of normal motor-unit organization were restored in both middle-aged and aged reinnervated muscles as measured by their relative distributions, mean twitch contraction times and mean tetanic tensions. Some reinnervated units in both aged and middle-aged rats produced a large tetanic tension which exceeded the range for intact units. These findings indicate that aged motoneurons maintain their ability for axonal regenerating and muscle fiber innervation to reestablish normal function of motor-units.
Aging↗
Overloading a muscle does not alter the rate of motoneuronal loss in aged rats.
Effects of increased activity on neuronal cell death was investigated in the motor nuclei innervating normal and overloaded medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles of Fischer 344 rats. The MG muscle was overloaded by the unilateral surgical ablation of synergists at the age of 17 months (group A) or 24 months (group B). When the rats reached the age of 24 and 28 months (group A) or 30 months (group B), motoneurons innervating the MG muscle were labeled bilaterally with horseradish peroxidase injected into the MG nerve. The wet weight of the muscle on the operated side was consistently heavier than that of the contralateral, intact side. The number of labeled neurons decreased with advancing age, and there was no difference in the magnitude of decline found between motor nuclei innervating intact and hypertrophied muscles. Thus, overloading the MG muscle did not retard or accelerate the age-related loss of motoneurons innervating this muscle. These findings indicate that the causal relationship between motoneuronal activity and death with advancing age needs to be studied further.
Age Factors↗
Efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transduction in heart grafts in rats.
AIM: We determined the characteristics of transgene expression of heart grafts following ex vivo gene transfer using an adenovirus vector. Transgene expression was assessed periodically in the same animals by a non-invasive bioimaging system. METHODS: Rat heterotopic heart transplantation was performed in a syngenic combination. We infused 1 x 10(9) plaque-forming units of adenovirus vectors containing firefly luciferase gene into the heart graft via the coronary artery, with preservation at 4 degrees C and transplanted into the cervix of the recipient. Transgene expression was periodically visualized and quantified by a noninvasive bioimaging system without sacrificing experimental animals. RESULTS: Transgene expression in the graft peaked at day 7 and then fell gradually. Transgene expression was also observed in the recipient liver. CONCLUSIONS: We have determined the time course of transgene expression in the heart graft. This constitutes important information about ex vivo gene therapy for heart grafts.
Adenoviridae↗
The influence of donor age to graft volume increase rate in living donor liver transplantation.
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Adult↗
Laser scanning gradient index optics microscope: submicrometre scale spectroscopy and imaging at cryogenic temperatures.
A laser scanning far-field optical microscope for low-temperature imaging and spectroscopy based on gradient index optics is presented. A rod-shaped gradient index microlens is used as a zero-working-distance solid immersion objective lens. The obtained lateral resolution is 310 nm of the FWHM at a wavelength of 545 nm. A laser scanning mechanism located outside an optical cryostat enables one to achieve large scanning ranges independent of temperature. The use of the microscope for submicrometre-scale spectroscopy and low-temperature photochemistry performed on molecular J aggregates in thin polymer films is presented.
Journal Article↗
A three-dimensional cell culture model for bovine endometrium: regeneration of a multicellular spheroid using ascorbate.
The development of a multicellular spheroid comprising bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEE) and bovine endometrial stromal cells (BES) is described in this study. The BES were cultured to confluence in medium with L -ascorbic acid phosphate magnesium salt n -hydrate (AsA-P) which stimulates collagen synthesis in BES. The BEE were co-cultured on a BES cell-sheet for 24h before detachment of the cell-sheet to generate a hetero-spheroid. After EDTA treatment and agitating with pipette, the floating cell-sheet shrank and became an aggregated cell mass in a few days; it finally formed a round-shaped hetero-spheroid composed of BES and BEE. Histological examination found that hetero-spheroids were covered with BEE on the outer layer. When cell viability was examined with TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling), no positive signal was detected in the spheroid for up to 10 days. Immunofluorescence observations showed that spheroids contained abundant extracellular matrices, including type-I, -III, -IV collagen, fibronectin, and laminin. PGF(2alpha) produced by hetero-spheroids in response to oxytocin was significantly higher than those produced by monolayer cultured BEE (P< 0.05). MMPs were not detected in media from spheroids cultured for 5 days after detachment of the cell sheet. These results indicate that bovine endometrial cells have the capacity to regenerate as a multicellular spheroid after treatment with ascorbate in vitro. The spheroid displays an endometrium-mimic feature. Thus, we conclude that spheroids formed by BES and BEE are a useful in vitro model of bovine endometrium.
Animals↗
Percutaneous radiofrequency lesioning of sensory branches of the obturator and femoral nerves for the treatment of hip joint pain.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The sensory innervation of the hip joint includes the sensory articular branches of the obturator and femoral nerves. In this report, we retrospectively evaluated 14 cases in which hip joint pain was treated by percutaneous radiofrequency lesioning of sensory branches of obturator and/or femoral nerves. METHODS: Fourteen patients who had hip joint pain and underwent percutaneous radiofrequency lesioning of sensory branches of obturator and/or femoral nerves were studied. In all cases, intra-articular hip joint block or articular branch block of obturator nerve with local anesthesia was transiently effective. Radiofrequency lesioning was performed at 75 degrees C to 80 degrees C for 90 seconds using an RFG-3B generator and Sluijter-Mehta cannulae kit (Radionics, Burlington, MA) for the obturator nerve in 9 patients and for both the obturator and femoral nerves in 5 patients. To assess pain intensity, a visual analog scale (VAS) was used. RESULTS: The VAS scores before and after the radiofrequency lesioning were 6.8 +/- 0.9 and 2.7 +/- 1.3, respectively. Twelve patients (86%) reported at least 50% relief of pain for 1 to 11 months. There were no side effects or motor weakness observed. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous radiofrequency lesioning of sensory branches of the obturator and femoral nerves is an alternative treatment in patients with hip joint pain, especially in those where operation is not applicable.
Adult↗
A case of sarcoidosis associated with bronchial asthma.
A 54-year-old woman was treated for bronchial asthma for 14 yr. In March of 1989, chest roentgenography and computed tomography (CT) revealed development of bilateral pulmonary hilar lymph node enlargement. Positive 67Ga uptake was observed in bilateral pulmonary hili. Although levels of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and lysozyme were within normal range, biopsy specimen of scalene lymph nodes showed noncaseating epitheloid-cell granuloma, leading to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Steroid therapy ameliorated both sarcoidosis and bronchial asthma. Although the association of sarcoidosis and bronchial asthma is uncommon, there may be an etiological relationship between them.
Asthma↗
Liver transplantation using a right lateral sector graft from a living donor to her granddaughter.
One of the major concerns regarding living-related liver transplantation is graft-size disparity. The left liver graft is too small while the right is too large in some recipients. To overcome this problem, the right lateral sector (Segments VI and VII) was transplanted from a living donor (55 kg) to her granddaughter (17 kg). The common hepatic trunk had to be anastomosed end-to-end to the graft hepatic vein without being compressed by the graft overriding the vena cava and without unfavorable tension of the anastomosis. The anterior wall of the hepatic vein of the donor was resected as much as possible. The superficial left, left, middle and right hepatic veins of the recipient were made confluent by incision of the intervening venous walls, and the nicks were sutured to form a wide and long common venous trunk. The recipient received a graft corresponding to 75% of her standard liver volume. She was complicated with gastric dilation and acute rejection, but recovered with no signs of anastomotic stricture. Right lateral sector graft obtained by this innovative procedure may be useful for overcoming borderline graft-recipient size and shape differences.
Age Factors↗