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Biomedical subjects

K Hashiba

Publications and source records attributed to K Hashiba.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[General pharmacology of T-3262, a new pyridonecarboxylic acid].

General pharmacological activities of (+/-)-7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1,4- dih ydro- 4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid p-toluenesulfonate hydrate (T-3262), which is a new pyridonecarboxylic acid, were examined with the following results. 1. Central nervous system: T-3262 did not show any significant pharmacological effects at oral doses of 100-1,000 mg/kg but caused slow waves in spontaneous EEG in cats at intravenous doses of 10-30 mg/kg. 2. Respiratory and cardiovascular system: T-3262 produced little effect in normotensive rats and anesthetized rabbits at oral doses of 100-1,000 mg/kg and intravenous doses of 3-30 mg/kg, respectively. But T-3262 caused, dose-dependently, an increase of respiratory rate, hypotension, decrease of heart rate and changes in ECG patterns (elevation of T waves, slow amplitudes of QRS complexes and prolongation of RR interval, etc.) in anesthetized dogs at intravenous doses of 3-10 mg/kg. 3. Renal functions: T-3262 increased electrolyte excretions at oral doses of 300-1,000 mg/kg but did not affect PSP excretion in rats. 4. Autonomic nervous system and smooth muscle organs: T-3262 exerted slight inhibition of gastric output in rats and slight miosis in mice at an oral dose of 1,000 mg/kg. But T-3262 did not affect the contraction of nictitating membrane in anesthetized cats at intravenous doses of 1-30 mg/kg. T-3262 increased spontaneous motilities of isolated stomach, ileum and uterus, but decreased that of isolated colon at concentrations of 10(-5)-10(-4) g/ml. 5. Hematological examinations: T-3262 did not show any significant effects on bleeding time, blood coagulation, platelet aggregation and blood glucose level in rats at oral doses of 100-1,000 mg/kg. 6. Miscellaneous effects: T-3262 exerted slight inhibitions of gastric secretion and of carrageenin-induced hind paw edema in rats at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg administered intraduodenally and orally, respectively. T-3262 did not affect neuromuscular junction and bile secretion in rats at intravenous doses of 3-30 mg/kg and oral doses of 100-1,000 mg/kg, respectively. From these results, it can be assumed that T-3262 has a wide safety margin as an oral antibacterial agent.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1988

Reliability of QT intervals as indicators of clinical hypercalcemia.

Reliability of corrected QT intervals (QoTc, QaTc, and QeTc) as indicators of clinical hypercalcemia was assessed in 14 hypercalcemic patients. Hypercalcemia was severe to extreme (serum calcium 14.9 to 22.8 mg/dl) in 11, moderate (13.4 mg/dl) in 1, and mild (12.2 and 11.8 mg/dl) in 2 patients. QT intervals during hypercalcemia were compared with those during normocalcemia either before or after development of hypercalcemia. QeTc interval showed neither significant correlation with serum calcium nor any consistent pattern of change with development of hypercalcemia or normalization of serum calcium. In contrast, QoTc and QaTc intervals shortened with development of hypercalcemia and returned toward normal with normalization of serum calcium in all the patients, and showed significant correlation with serum calcium (QoTc: r = -0.77, p less than 0.001, n = 35; QaTc: r = 0.82, p less than 0.001, n = 35). QaTc was short (less than 0.30 s) in all the ECGs in severe and moderate hypercalcemia and in 2 of the 5 ECGs in mild hypercalcemia. Combination of short QoTc (less than 0.18 s) and short QaTc was found to be highly specific for, and was present in 65% of ECGs, in moderate and severe hypercalcemia. Combination of normal QoTc (greater than 0.18 s) and normal QaTc (greater than 0.30 s) was not observed in moderate or severe hypercalcemia. We conclude that QoTc and QaTc intervals are reliable indicators of clinical hypercalcemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The total heart beats per 24 hours by ambulatory electrocardiography and the changes of heart rate by treadmill exercise test in sick sinus syndrome.

To study the clinical implications of the total number of heart beats per 24 hours (THB), 24 hour ambulatory electrocardiography and treadmill test were performed by sixty patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS, 58 +/- 12 years old) who underwent overdrive suppression test. Results were compared with thirty control subjects (58 +/- 12 years old). The THB was 74 +/- 11 thousand beats in the SSS group and 99 +/- 10 thousand beats in the control group. The THB and the maximal heart rate (MHR) achieved during the treadmill test were significantly lower in the SSS group than in the control group. However, the exercise duration in patients with SSS was similar to that of the control subjects. The exercise duration and the MHR were correlated to age, but not to the THB in the patients with SSS. There was no significant relationship between the total heart beats per 24 hours and the maximal sinus node recovery time (max. SNRT). We conclude that the THB, independent of the max. SNRT, can be a useful index in diagnosing and assessing the quantity of bradycardia in patients with SSS. The tolerance of exercise and the MHR were not correlated with the THB, in patients with SSS.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Contracted form of primary endocardial fibroelastosis in a young adult without congestive heart failure.

A case of a 24-year-old man with the contracted form of primary endocardial fibroelastosis diagnosed by left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy showing a markedly thickened endocardium with fibroelastic proliferation is reported. He had no evident symptoms of congestive heart failure except for shortness of breath on moderate exertion. Echocardiogram showed thickened and dense echoes from the left side of the septum and from the posterior left ventricular endocardium. Hemodynamic and angiographic studies revealed marked elevation of right and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures with dip and plateau pressure contours, moderate pulmonary hypertension, left atrial enlargement and mild mitral regurgitation. Further elevation of right and left ventricular diastolic pressures and pulmonary artery pressure was observed at the second evaluation after 5 years. Our patient suggests that primary endocardial fibroelastosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of adult patients with obscure types of cardiac disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Primary hypothyroidism in severe chronic heart failure.

Thyroid function was studied in 40 patients with chronic heart failure. Thyroid antibodies and microsome antibodies were negative in all cases. Serum T4, and T3 concentrations showed significant inverse correlation with cardiothoracic ratio, mean right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and peripheral venous pressure. Serum T4, T3 concentrations showed significant correlation with PaO2, serum albumin, and serum cholinesterase. Serum TSH concentrations increased with increasing cardiothoracic ratio. Histological examinations showed fibrosis and atrophy of the thyroid gland in 2 cases. These findings suggest the possible development of primary hypothyroidism as a result of chronic heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Asystole with syncope following strenuous exercise in a man without organic heart disease.

A 29-year-old man without organic heart disease who had a history of six episodes of syncope following sudden cessation of strenuous exercise over the last 18 years was reported. Resting electrocardiogram and 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring did not show any rhythm disturbance or ischemic changes. Sinus node recovery time, sinoatrial conduction time and A-V conduction were normal on electrophysiologic study. Asystole with syncope occurred immediately following sudden cessation of strenuous exercise and following release of intrathoracic pressure during Valsalva's maneuver performed after subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg of epinephrine. However, Master's single two-step test and Valsalva's maneuver performed without epinephrine could not evoke asystole. It was assumed from these results that transient overactivity of the autonomic nervous system and sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions were the underlying factors responsible for the occurrence of asystole following sudden cessation of strenuous exercise in the present case.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Endoscopic gastrostomy.

An endoscopic technique for establishing a gastrostomy, using suture, was employed in 56 patients. The use of stitches accounts for the absence of major complications, and permits easy management of the tube. The patients were able to receive food 12 hours after the procedure. The operation was performed under the same conditions as routine examinations of the upper digestive tract. The results suggest that this procedure might be not only the safest, but also the simplest kind of gastrostomy.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1987

Effects of combined changes in serum calcium and potassium on QT interval. A study by Holter electrocardiographic monitoring during hemodialysis.

Holter electrocardiographic recordings were performed for 24 hours in 20 patients on chronic hemodialysis to evaluate the effect of changes in serum calcium and potassium during a 5-hour hemodialysis period on the QT interval. Hemodialysis caused an acute increase in serum calcium from a predialysis value of 9.6 +/- 1.3 mg/dl to 11.5 +/- 1.2 mg/dl and a decrease in serum potassium from 4.9 +/- 0.6 mEq/L to 3.5 +/- 0.4 mEq/L. The Q-oTc interval shortened from a predialysis value of 0.240 +/- 0.023 sec to a minimum of 0.215 +/- 0.022 sec during the 5th hour of hemodialysis. This Q-oTc interval shortening was correlated strongly with an increase in serum calcium and was statistically significant only in subjects showing an increase in serum calcium of more than 2 mg/dl (p less than 0.05). The Q-eTc interval increased from a predialysis value of 0.392 +/- 0.030 sec to 0.414 +/- 0.024 sec during the 4th hour of hemodialysis. This Q-eTc interval prolongation was correlated with a decrease in serum potassium. It was concluded that increased serum calcium during hemodialysis caused shortening of the Q-oTc interval, that the degree of shortening was proportional to the magnitude of increase in serum calcium, and that changes in serum calcium and the Q-oTc interval were concurrent. It was also concluded that hemodialysis resulted in prolongation of the Q-eTc interval. This change was possibly caused by a decrease in the level of serum potassium during the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Influence of collateral flow reduction on electrophysiologic properties of preexisting ischemic area and inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias in the dog.

Electrophysiologic properties of the left ventricle, vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias and regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) of the left ventricle were examined during superposition of acute ischemia on a healed myocardial infarction. The left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) was ligated in 13 dogs with a 28-day-old anteroapical infarction. Six (46%) of 13 dogs had reproducible ventricular tachycardia in response to programmed ventricular stimulation before LCX ligation. Ventricular fibrillation could be induced in 2 of these 6 dogs. After LCX ligation, 11 (85%) of 13 dogs had ventricular arrhythmias induced by ventricular stimulation. Nine of 13 dogs had ventricular tachycardia and 7 of 13 dogs had ventricular fibrillation. The heterogeneity of the effective refractory period (delta ERP) and the local intraventricular conduction time (LIVCT) in the border and the infarct zones of the left ventricle increased significantly after LCX ligation. RMBF in the border and the infarct zones were markedly decreased by LCX ligation. The magnitude of reduction of RMBF was correlated significantly with the prolongation of LIVCT. In conclusion, acute critical reduction of the collateral blood supply causes a more heterogeneous refractory period and conduction delay in the preexisting ischemic area of the heart, increasing the vulnerability to lethal ventricular arrhythmias.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of propranolol and indomethacin on the depressor action of captopril in patients with essential hypertension.

The contribution of the renin-angiotensin system (RA) and of prostaglandins (PG) to the acute depressor effect of captopril (Capt) was studied in 13 hypertensive patients suppressing either RA by propranolol (Prop) or PG by indomethacin (Indo). Four patients showed abolition of the depressor effect of Capt by pretreatment with both Prop and Indo (Group 1). Indo, but not Prop, cancelled the depressor effect in another 4 patients (Group 2). In the remaining 5 patients, either Prop or Indo did not alter the depressor response to Capt (Group 3). Patients in Group 3 were older than patients in Group 1 and 2 and showed lower plasma volume value. Several mechanisms might contribute to the acute depressor effect of Cap, including not only the suppression of RA and the enhancement of PG, but perhaps other undetermined factor(s), especially in older patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The QT prolongation syndrome: long-term follow-up study of 13 families with Romano-Ward syndrome.

To investigate the long-term course or natural history of Romano-Ward syndrome, 131 cases from the affected side of 13 families with the syndrome were examined by electrocardiography and a review of the histories. The patients were followed up for 2-13 years, with an average of 7.2 years. Five patients (3.8%) died suddenly, four with QT prolongation and one with a normal QT interval. Fourteen patients (10.7%) with QT prolongation developed episodes of syncope, whereas 58 patients (44.3%) showed only QT prolongation without syncopal episode. Three of the thirteen families were asymptomatic, with no cases of syncopal episodes or sudden death, although more than 50% of the examined cases in these families showed definite QT prolongation. In the other ten families, syncopal attacks and/or sudden death occurred in some of the family members. In two of the ten symptomatic families, the probands developed their first syncopal attacks very late in their lives (at the ages of 64 and 75 years), and both families had been asymptomatic before these elder family members became symptomatic. In two cases, syncopal attacks disappeared after electrocardiographic improvement. The present study suggests that: (a) asymptomatic families of Romano-Ward syndrome exist, (b) asymptomatic families may sometimes become symptomatic, and (c) regression of the manifestations of Romano-Ward syndrome may occur in some cases.

Adolescent↗