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Biomedical subjects

K Harada

Publications and source records attributed to K Harada.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Infiltrative peripheral neuropathy of acute monoblastic leukemia during hematologic remission].

A 38-year-old woman with acute monoblastic leukemia developed severe continuous pain in the left arm while she was in hematologic remission following both systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy. A nerve conduction study (NCS) showed marked decrease of amplitude in the left ulnar nerve, consistent with infiltration of leukemic cells. The pain in the arm was reduced by irradiation to the left brachial plexus, but right facial nerve palsy occurred. No improvement was achieved by systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy plus irradiation to the whole brain and right parotid. After sometime, she complained of pains in the legs and right foot drop. NCS showed amplitude decrease in bilateral peroneal nerve. Throughout the course, bone marrow remained in complete remission, and no signs of meningeal leukemia were obtained. A treatment with high dose Ara-C appeared to be effective for the pain in the legs. The foot drop, however, persisted and peripheral neuropathy progressed even after high dose Ara-C therapy. Peripheral nerve involvement in acute leukemia appears to be rare, and even more so in case of hematologic remission. The blood-nerve barrier may allow some malignant cells to escape from cytotoxic agents. Therefore, irradiation or high dose Ara-C therapy would seem to be rational approaches to the problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Early detection of breast cancer by mass screening using mammography].

A mass screening trial for breast cancer using mammography was carried out in Tokushima Prefecture, either itinerant screening in the communities or center screening at the workplace. Craniocaudal and lateral oblique imagings of the breast using two-view film mammography were performed at the first stage of screening. In addition, physical examination of the breast was also performed on subjects independently. A total of 8 cases with breast cancer were found in these trials by mammography alone, and no cases with breast cancer were detected by physical examination. The detection rates were 0.19% in itinerant screening, and 0.92% in center screening, respectively. This was much higher than the level (0.10%) obtained by mass screening using physical examination alone in Japan. Moreover, in elderly patients (age over 50 years), the detection rates were higher (0.54%, 1.21%). The number of clinical stage for cases with breast cancer detected by these screening were 5 cases in TIS and 3 in stage I. Thus, all cases were patients with early-stage breast cancer. From these results, mass screening using mammography should be mandatory for elderly women (over 50 years) with asymptomatic breasts.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular output and left ventricular diastolic filling changes in the first day of life.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in Doppler transmitral flow patterns during the 1st d of life. Doppler echocardiography of the ascending aorta and mitral valve was performed serially in 20 normal neonates at 2, 12, and 24 h of age. A computer-interfaced digitizer pad was used to measure the following: ascending aorta flow velocity-time integral, total diastolic filling flow velocity-time integral, flow velocity-time integral of early diastolic filling, and flow velocity-time integral of atrial contraction. The inner diameter of the ductus arteriosus was 4.2 +/- 0.6 mm at 2 h of age, 2.3 +/- 0.5 mm at 12 h of age, and had closed in 17 of 20 neonates (85%) by 24 h of age. The ascending aorta flow velocity-time integral and total diastolic filling flow velocity-time integral, which were high at 2 h of age, decreased significantly at 12 h of age [12.2 +/- 2.1 cm versus 9.6 +/- 1.7 cm (p < 0.001) and 8.0 +/- 1.1 versus 7.1 +/- 1.4 (p < 0.01), respectively] but remained constant thereafter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1994

[Multiple cerebral arteriovenous malformations: case report].

A ten-year old girl with right occipital multiple arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is reported. The clinical presentation at the onset of hemorrhage included coma and signs of tentorial herniation. CT after injection of contrast medium revealed an inhomogenous enhanced lesion in the right occipital lobe. Angiography demonstrated a large plexiform AVM and two AV fistulas, each of which had a different arterial supply and different venous drainage. Three operations successfully removed all the AVMs. Operative findings indicated that the lesion consisted of 4 different AVMs. The patient has recovered very well. Case histories and therapeutic and etiological considerations are discussed.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1994

[Cell morphology and surface markers in three patients with granular lymphocyte proliferative disorders of the T-cell type].

We studied the relationship between cell morphology and surface markers in three patients with granular lymphocyte proliferative disorders. In the two patients with CD3+ CD4-CD8+ cells, there were no atypical cells, and the granules were uniformly fine: In the third patient, who had CD3+ CD4+ CD8- cells, atypical nuclei and the irregular granules in in size were observed. The granules were stained with beta-glucuronidase showing localized coarse features and made clumps, in the staining pattern characteristic of granular lymphocytes. The patient with CD4- CD8+ cells showed cytotoxic T cell phenotype, and the other DN cells type (usually associated with a CD3+ CD4- CD8- phenotype). We obtained conflicting data about OK-NK and Leu 11 antibodies, which recognized CD16 antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Reflex sympathetic dystrophy secondary to lumbar disk herniation].

A 26-year-old woman noticed discoloration and swelling of the left foot after standing or sitting for a long period of time. Four months later, she developed dysesthesia in the left leg and foot and extreme tenderness of the left foot; developed subsequently claudication. At age 15, the patient had severe low back pain for 1 year and had been diagnosed as having lumbar disk herniation. Recurrent disk herniation was suspected, although myelogram and postmyelogram CT scan reportedly were nondiagnostic. The patient was admitted to our hospital 6 months following the onset of dysesthesia. Physical examination revealed weakness and atrophy of the entire left lower extremity, allodynia of the left foot, and dysesthesia in the left L5 myotomes. Hypertrichosis was obvious, and the left foot was cool on touch. Roentgenography of the left lower extremity revealed patchy osteoporosis of the distal epiphyse of the left tibia and fibula and in some of tarsal bones. Intravenous administration of phentolamine reduced tenderness, which was highly suggestive of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD). A repeat CT scan revealed extraforaminal, left-sided disk herniation at L4/5. We diagnosed RSD secondary to L5 radiculopathy and performed a left L2, 3 lumbar sympathetic block. Allodynia was relieved, and the patient was able to walk without claudication. Reports of RSD secondary to lumbar disk herniation are rare. In one case, transient lumbar sympathetic block was effective in alleviating symptoms of RSD, although, required surgery. Our patient was more severely disabled than patients in other reports, yet, lumbar sympathetic block still was effective.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Clinico-pathological investigation for infantile brain stem glioma: report of two cases].

Thirty-three children harboring brain stem glioma were treated at Nagoya University, Department of Neurosurgery during in the 16-year period from 1976 to 1991. Infantile brain stem glioma is so rare and we have only two cases (6.1%) of all 33 cases. This paper reported clinico-pathological investigation of infantile brain stem glioma. Case 1: Patient 1 was born after 38 weeks gestation, and he showed no mental nor physical retardation. His parents noticed his torticollis at 4 months of age. MRI showed exophytic abnormal enhanced mass behind the medulla oblongata. The mass was partially removed by craniectomy, and its pathological study revealed astrocytoma grade II. Since 3 months after the operation, torticollis had been gradually improved and disappeared completely 6 months later. Case 2: Patient 2 born after 41 weeks gestation, two cafe-au-lait spots were seen on the abdominal skin and hemangiomas were seen on the left shoulder and femoral area. For the initial symptoms, left oculomotor palsy was recognized at 2 months old. CT showed intrinsic enhanced abnormal mass in the mid brain up to the pons and then it invaded into right frontal lobe soon. Open biopsy was performed and the pathological examination revealed astrocytoma grade III. After IAR therapy (Interferon-beta 140 x 10(4), ACNU 20 mg x 2. Radiation; whole brain 40.8 Gy, focal 9 Gy), although left oculomotor palsy was improved temporarily, the tumor enlarged invasively and the patient died at 11 months old.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Expression of platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor on human monocyte-derived macrophages and effects of platelet-derived growth factor BB dimer on the cellular function.

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis which is characterized by the presence of macrophage-derived foam cells. In the present study, the induction of the mRNA of PDGF-beta receptor was demonstrated during cell differentiation of human monocyte-macrophages, whereas no mRNA was detected in the cells during the early days of culture. Flow cytometry analysis using antibodies specific for PDGF-beta receptor and CD14 showed the presence of both PDGF-beta receptor and CD14 on human monocyte-derived macrophages, whereas no PDGF-beta receptor was detected on human monocytes 4 h after cell adhesion to a culture dish. In the binding assay of PDGF-BB on human monocyte-derived macrophages, a saturable and high affinity binding site with Kd of 27.5 pM and Bmax of 23.3 fmol/mg of cell protein was demonstrated. When human monocytes were cultured in the presence of the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine, PDGF-beta receptor induction was inhibited, and tetradecanoylphorbol acetate enhanced PDGF-beta receptor expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages, indicating that PDGF-beta receptor expression is associated with maturation and differentiation of monocyte-macrophages through the activation of protein kinase C. In response to PDGF-BB homodimer, PDGF-beta receptor was phosphorylated, and thymidine uptake and inositol trisphosphate production were stimulated in monocyte-derived macrophages. Furthermore, PDGF-BB suppressed the production of macrophages colony-stimulating factor in macrophages. The expression of PDGF-beta receptor on human monocyte-derived macrophages suggests that PDGF influences the process of atherosclerosis by regulating the function of macrophages as well as smooth muscle cells in the vascular wall.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Chronological atrophy after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.

We studied the development of brain atrophy after transient focal ischemia in rats. The animals were subjected to cerebral ischemia induced by embolization of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) for 60 min. The brains were studied morphologically 7 days, 1 month, 3 months and 9 months after recirculation. In addition, the effects of a new calcium antagonist, KB-2796, and a glutamate receptor antagonist, 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX); were evaluated in this model 1 month after ischemia. The hemispheric volume of the ipsilateral ischemic side, expressed as a percentage of that on the contralateral non-ischemic side, was 99% in the sham operation group, 94% at 7 days, 87% at 1 month, 68% at 3 months and 65% at 9 months. Atrophy of the striatum and cortex, but not the hippocampus, was observed 1 month after ischemia. Atrophy of the ipsilateral substantia nigra and the thalamus, which are remote from the ischemic region, was observed 7 days and 1 month, respectively, after ischemia. Correlations between the extent of the atrophy in the striatum and that in the substantia nigra and between the extent of the atrophy in the cortex and in the thalamus were statistically significant. Treatment with KB-2796 or DNQX administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 mg/kg twice 30 min before ischemia and immediately after ischemia was effective in reducing the extent of atrophy in both the ipsilateral ischemic and non-ischemic regions. These results suggest that brain atrophy on the ipsilateral ischemic side develops time-sequentially after transient focal ischemia and that ischemia affects not only the primary ischemic focus but also remote regions through transsynaptic connections, and that KB-2796 and DNQX have beneficial effects on atrophy in the chronic phase after ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency caused by a nonsense mutation detected in the patient's macrophage mRNA.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) deficiency causes marked elevation of plasma high-density lipoproteins, termed hyperalphalipoproteinemia. Only one CETP mutation has been found previously, partly because the relative unavailability of CETP mRNA has hampered analysis. We demonstrated CETP mRNA expression in the monocyte-derived macrophages and identified a new CETP mutation by analyzing the macrophage mRNA of a homozygous patient with familial form of hyperalphalipoproteinemia. The nonsense mutation at codon 309 in exon 10 of the CETP gene was thought to delete the carboxy-terminal third and caused a decrease in the level of CETP mRNA. Our findings provide more evidence that CETP mutations may underlie a subset of familial hyperalphalipoproteinemia.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Physiologic multivalvular regurgitation during pregnancy: a longitudinal Doppler echocardiographic study.

Valvular function, assessed by Doppler technique, has not been extensively investigated during normal pregnancy. To prospectively study this feature, 18 normal pregnant women were followed during their pregnancies and puerperium, with serial clinical and pulsed-continuous Doppler echocardiographic examinations. In four gestational periods and the puerperium, we analysed: (a) ventricular and atrial dimensions, as well as valve annular diameters; (b) prevalence and characteristics of trivial valvular regurgitations. During pregnancy, slight but significant increases of the four cardiac chamber dimensions and valve annular diameters were observed, except for the aortic ring. The prevalence of physiologic valvular regurgitation in early pregnancy (mitral, 0%; tricuspid, 38.9%; pulmonary, 22.2%; aortic, 0%), was similar to a control group of 18 healthy non-pregnant women. As pregnancy evolved, there was a progressive and significant increase of multivalvular regurgitation, maximal at full-term (mitral, 27.8%; tricuspid, 94.4%; pulmonary, 94.4%, P < 0.05 vs. early pregnancy). Aortic regurgitation was not detected in any stage of pregnancy. In the puerperium, mitral regurgitation resolved, but tricuspid and pulmonary regurgitation were still significantly prevalent (83.3% and 66.7%, respectively, P < 0.05 vs. early pregnancy). It is concluded that physiologic multivalvular regurgitation is frequent in pregnancy, mainly involving right-sided valves in late gestational periods, occasionally persisting in the early puerperium. Chamber enlargement, valve annular dilatation, and increased prevalence of trivial valve regurgitation are time-related events during normal pregnancy, resulting from a reversible cardiac remodeling process induced by physiologic volume overload. These aspects should be considered for a correct interpretation of Doppler echocardiographic findings in pregnant women with suspected heart disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Purification and characterization of an autocrine migration factor for vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), SMC-derived migration factor.

Migration of medial smooth muscle cells (SMC) into the intima is a key step in intimal thickening of atherosclerotic tissues. We previously reported that cultured SMC secrete a potent migration factor for SMC, named SMC-derived migration factor (SDMF). We purified this factor to homogeneity from 20 liters of serum-free conditioned medium of cultured rat aortic SMC by sequential heparin-Sepharose column, red-Sepharose column, TSK-heparin high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) column, and Superose 6 HPLC column chromatographies. SDMF was found to be a 58-kDa polypeptide by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Reduction by mercaptoethanol caused only a slight decrease in its molecular mass to 53 kDa. Preparative isoelectric focusing revealed that SDMF is a basic protein with a pI of approximately 10. Purified SDMF enhanced the migration of rat SMC dose dependently, its maximal activity being 4 times that of platelet-derived growth factor-BB. In contrast, SDMF did not enhance the migration of endothelial cells from either human umbilical cord vein or rabbit retinal tissue. SDMF had no effect on the proliferation of SMC. These findings suggest that SDMF enhances SMC migration in vascular walls and that the autocrine system of SMC migration contributes to the formation of intimal thickening in atheroma formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Unexpected substrate specificity of T4 DNA ligase revealed by in vitro selection.

We have used in vitro selection techniques to characterize DNA sequences that are ligated efficiently by T4 DNA ligase. We find that the ensemble of selected sequences ligates about 50 times as efficiently as the random mixture of sequences used as the input for selection. Surprisingly many of the selected sequences failed to produce a match at or close to the ligation junction. None of the 20 selected oligomers that we sequenced produced a match two bases upstream from the ligation junction.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between resting cytosolic Ca2+ and responses induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate in hippocampal neurons.

Cytosolic calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in cultured hippocampal neurons from rat embryos were measured using fura-2. Neurons with higher resting [Ca2+]i showed greater [Ca2+]i responses to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and K+ depolarization. There was a strong relationship between resting [Ca2+]i and the maximal changes in [Ca2+]i (delta[Ca2+]i), which fit the our proposed equation to describe this relationship.

Animals↗