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Biomedical subjects

K Hara

Publications and source records attributed to K Hara.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A case of pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1 with systemic lupus erythematosus].

A case of pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type 1 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is reported. A 36-year-old women was admitted to our hospital with the complaints of dyspnea, arthralgia, tetany and tremor. Laboratory findings on admission showed; leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypocalcemia, positive antinuclear, anti-RNP, anti-Sm antibodies. A diagnosis of PHP type 1 was made from the findings of Albright's osteodystrophy and Ellsworth-Howard test. On the basis of various auto antibodies and clinical findings, the patient was diagnosed as SLE, too. She was started on a therapy of prednisolone at a dose of 40 mg per day. Her clinical manifestations immediately became better, and her laboratory findings subsequently improved. Up to the present, the case report of overlapping syndrome of PHP type 1 and SLE is very rare. Both PHP and SLE were considered to be in a category of autoimmune disease and the relationship between PHP and SLE was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Activation of neutrophil function by MDP-Lys(L 18)].

The study was carried out to confirm the effect of MDP-Lys (L 18) on the neutrophil number and function in the patients with lung cancer. The patients were enrolled only in case of leukopenia (equal or less than 3,000/mm3 after anticancer chemotherapy) and subcutaneously given 200 mcg of MDP-Lys (L 18) for 7 days. Mean leukocyte counts were found to be 3,900/mm3 and 5,500/mm3 one day and one week after MDP-Lys (L 18) treatment, respectively. The rate of "markedly effective" and "effective" was 53% (8/15). Chemiluminescence by zymosan showed a significant increase after MDP-Lys (L 18) treatment. However, no change of neutrophil function was observed in the tests of chemiluminescence by phorbol myristate acetate, superoxide (O2-) production, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, chemotaxis, bacterial killing and opsonization. Transient fever was observed in 6 cases and eruption accompanied with one fever case. It was concluded that MDP-Lys (L 18) could prevent infection in cancer-bearing immunocompromised patients by increasing the neutrophil number and function.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1988

Sandwich enzyme immunoassay of tumor-associated antigen sialosylated Lewisx using beta-D-galactosidase coupled to a monoclonal antibody of IgM isotype.

Enzyme conjugates with antibody of IgG type have been used extensively in immunohistochemistry, but conjugates with antibody of IgM type have not been reported. This paper describes the beta-D-galactosidase (Gal) labeling of a monoclonal IgM antibody designated CSLEX1 (for cytotoxic sialosylated Lewisx), which is directed against a tumor-associated antigen sialosylated Lewisx (S-Lex). The antibody was first acylated with a heterobifunctional agent N-(gamma-maleimidobutyryloxy)succinimide (GMBS) to introduce the maleimide groups into the molecule; excess reagent was removed by gel filtration and then the activated antibodies were crosslinked to the thiol groups of Gal. The conjugates were partially purified of free Gal by DEAE-Toyopearl column chromatography with an increasing linear concentration of NaCl. The conjugates thus prepared retained almost full enzyme activity and were demonstrated to be free of CSLEX1 by affinity chromatography using anti-galactosidase antibody bound to Sepharose 4B. The conjugates were used as a label in a sandwich enzyme immunoassay (SEIA) to detect the antigen at concentrations as low as 0.2 U/well. The SEIA was used to measure serum S-Lex levels in both healthy subjects and lung cancer patients and mean concentrations of 70 U/ml and 198.6 U/ml were detected respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) enhances tryptophan hydroxylase activity in mouse striatum, but not in the frontal cortex.

We measured serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) contents and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) activity in mouse striatum and frontal cortex after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment (7 daily injections of 30 mg/kg). In the striatum, TPH activity was increased for at least 4 weeks after injection of MPTP, along with an increase in 5-HIAA. However, no significant change was observed in 5-HT, 5-HIAA or TPH activity in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that MPTP affects 5-HT through a change in TPH activity, specifically at nerve terminals in the striatum.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗
PubMed1988

Biosyntheses and processing of lysosomal cysteine proteinases in rat macrophages.

The intracellular processing and release of three lysosomal cysteine proteinases, cathepsin B, H and L, by rat peritoneal macrophages were investigated by pulse-chase experiments. Newly synthesized procathepsins B (39 kDa), H(41 kDa) and L (39 kDa) after 15 min labeling were processed to the mature, single-chain enzymes within 1 h. The single-chain forms of cathepsin B, H and L were further processed to two-chain forms at different rates: conversion of cathepsin L to the two-chain form was rapid, whereas the conversions cathepsin B and H took at least 6 h. Macrophages released 30% of the procathepsins B and L, and 10% of the procathepsin H.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of proteinase inhibitors on intracellular processing of cathepsin B, H and L in rat macrophages.

The effects of various proteinase inhibitors on the processing of lysosomal cathepsins B, H and L were investigated in cultured rat peritoneal macrophages. The processing of newly synthesized pro-cathepsins B, H and L to the mature single-chain enzymes was sensitive to a metal chelator,1,10-phenanthroline, and a synthetic metalloendopeptidase substrate, Z-Gly-Leu-NH2, and insensitive to inhibitors of serine proteinases, aspartic proteinases and cysteine proteinases. Inhibitors of cysteine proteinases, E-64-d and leupeptin, inhibited the processing of the single-chain forms of cathepsins B, H and L to the two-chain forms. These results suggest that (a) metal endopeptidase(s) is (are) involved in the propeptide processing of cathepsin B, H and L, and that proteolytic cleavages of the mature single-chain cathepsins are accomplished by cysteine proteinases in lysosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Interdigitating cell sarcoma. A morphologic, immunohistologic, and enzyme-histochemical study.

A 58-year-old man presented with an unusual sarcoma of the cervical lymph node. The tumor also involved the mesenteric lymph node and jejunum. Tumor cells possessed intracytoplasmic S100 protein, Leu-3a (T4), and HLA-DR antigens. The neoplastic cells also showed membranous ATPase activity. LeuM1, T6, Leu1, Leu2a, B1, lysozyme, and immunoglobulin were not recognized. Their fine structure was similar to that of interdigitating cells. These data are consistent with derivation from lymph node interdigitating reticulum cell.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Simultaneous quantitative analysis of methamphetamine and 4-hydroxymethamphetamine in body fluids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Pentodeuterated 4-hydroxymethamphetamine (HMAMP-d5), 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(methyl-d3-amino)-propane-1,2-d2 of high quality was prepared and proved to be a most useful internal standard for quantitative analyses of 4-hydroxymethamphetamine (HMAMP), a main metabolite of methamphetamine (MAMP). Highly reliable results were obtained by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Simultaneously we determined also MAMP, amphetamine (AMP), 4-hydroxyamphetamine (HAMP), and HMAMP in body fluids, using two internal standards, HMAMP-d5 for HMAMP and HAMP and pentodeuterated methamphetamine, 1-phenyl-2-(methyl-d3-amino)-propane-1,2-d2, for MAMP and AMP.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1988

A mathematical model for analyzing beat-to-beat difference in the human fetal heart rate during gestation and labor.

We devised a model suitable for mathematical analysis of beat-to-beat differences (BBDs) in fetal heart rates (FHRs). Factor analysis was applied, using a computer system, on a specially devised model of an FHR matrix. This matrix was arranged with FHRs and BBDs at 1-beat/min intervals by rows and columns, respectively. After obtaining the BBD by subtracting the antecedent FHR from the following FHR in a given pair of two consecutive FHRs, both variables of the antecedent FHR and BBD were crossed and the number of one was recorded at the corresponding element of the matrix. This procedure was done for all pairs of FHR and BBD yielding a matrix containing the cumulative incidences. Investigated was a total of 225,282 FHRs obtained from 20 fetuses between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation, by means of a scalp-lead electrocardiograph taken during labor. As shown by clusters of BBDs in units of beats/min, three different factors become evident: fluctuation around zero bpm, plus deviations and minus deviations. The first is considered to play a role in maintaining so-called baseline FHRs, and the second and the third indicate accelerating and decelerating actions on FHRs, respectively. This analytical model is discussed with reference to the findings obtained.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1988

Diminished sympathetic excitation of locus coeruleus noradrenergic neurons in the conscious mature spontaneously hypertensive rat.

We undertook a study to determine whether the activation of the nucleus locus coeruleus might be responsible for the sympathetic hyperactivity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Conscious mature SHR showed increased arterial pressure and plasma catecholamines with electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus. However, SHR showed smaller increases in arterial pressure and plasma noradrenaline than Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The spontaneous unit discharge in locus coeruleus neurons responded reciprocally to peripherally induced changes in arterial pressure and blood volume. However, the unit discharge in the SHR locus coeruleus is less responsive than that in WKY. Therefore, the locus coeruleus in mature SHR does not seem to be involved in the hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system. However, this may not be the case in young SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of enalapril in normal volunteers.

The possible effects of cimetidine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of enalapril, a pro-drug requiring hepatic de-esterification to an active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalaprilat, were assessed in a randomized, crossover study. Cimetidine (400 mg) or placebo was administered orally every 12 h for 3 days and on the day of a single oral administration of enalapril maleate (10 mg) to seven healthy male subjects. Serum ACE, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) were measured before and 4 h after the enalapril dosing. There were no significant differences in any serum- and urine-derived kinetic parameters of enalapril and enalaprilat, nor in hemodynamics, PAC, or alpha-hANP between the two treatment trials. ACE decreased and PRA increased to a similar extent in the two trials. Serum enalaprilat concentration correlated significantly (p less than 0.001) with percentage of inhibition of ACE activity. The results suggest that the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of enalapril are unaffected by preadministration of cimetidine. Thus, cimetidine does not appear to alter hepatic esterase activity toward enalapril.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Two cases of acquired toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. Light and electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies.

We report two cases of acquired toxoplasmic lymphadenitis, one with toxoplasmic cysts and the organisms of Toxoplasma gondii and the other with the organisms only. These cysts and organisms were observed in paraffin-embedded sections, touch smears and ultrathin sections for electron microscopy. Touch smears were especially valuable for the quick and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis. We also studied immature sinus histiocytosis (ISH) in these cases. The predominant cells of ISH were confirmed to be B lymphocytes immunohistochemically, the majority being positive for polyclonal surface IgM. ISH was observed in the perifollicular and paracortical areas surrounding post-capillary venules (PCV), whereas the sinuses were only partially involved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of NY-198 against experimental Legionnaires disease.

The in vitro and in vivo effects of NY-198 against Legionella pneumophila were compared with those of ciprofloxacin. The MIC of NY-198 against 15 standard reference strains of Legionella of various species, between 0.03 and 0.125 micrograms/ml, was the same as that of ciprofloxacin. The peak concentration of NY-198 in the lungs and sera of guinea pigs with experimentally induced Legionella pneumonia was higher than that of ciprofloxacin after oral administration. The overall survival rate was higher in animals treated with NY-198 than in those treated with ciprofloxacin. Thus, NY-198 appears valuable in the treatment of Legionnaires disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical aspects of Parkinson-dementia complex.

Positron emission tomography of a parkinsonian patient with dementia revealed a decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in the cerebral cortex and deep gray matter, whereas a parkinsonian patient without dementia showed a decrease in CBF and CMRO2 in the deep gray matter, but not in the cerebral cortex. The ratio of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid/L-dopa in the plasma after L-dopa administration was significantly increased in parkinsonian patients with hallucinations, indicating an accelerated metabolism of L-dopa. The concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) was decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of parkinsonian patients with psychiatric symptoms, especially with visual hallucinations. The serotonin level in mouse striatum was significantly reduced 1 week after methylphenyltetrahydropyridine (MPTP) injection, though returned to normal in 4 weeks. The 5HIAA level increased at both 1 and 4 weeks. The activity of tryptophan hydroxylase was increased in the striatum 1-4 weeks after MPTP injection, but was unchanged in the cerebral cortex. The choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity was significantly decreased in the hippocampus 1 week, but not 4 weeks after MPTP. The ChAT activity was not changed in the frontal cortex at either 1 or 4 weeks.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine↗