Biomedical subjects

K Hamamoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Hamamoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Treatment of isolated growth hormone deficiency type IA due to GH-I gene deletion with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I.

Biosynthetic insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) was administered subcutaneously twice a day for one year to a patient with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) type IA with high titres of anti-GH antibody (up to 1:1,000,000). During IGF-I therapy he showed good linear growth without any side effects, such as hypoglycemia and anti-IGF-I antibody formation. Administration of IGF-I to IGHD type IA with poor response to GH therapy appears to have a beneficial effect on growth.

Antibodies↗

PubMed1993

[Reverse transcriptase gene analysis of HIV-1 mutants cultured in the presence of AZT].

HIV-1 strains were isolated from four patients treated with AZT for more than 6 months and from three patients untreated with AZT. Isolates from patients treated with AZT have been cultured by passage of virus in cell culture in the presence of 1 microM AZT. However the isolates from patients untreated with AZT could not be cultured in the presence of AZT. The RT gene of HIV-1 isolates which had been cultured in the presence of AZT were amplified by PCR and cloned to M13 vector. Four amino acid mutations in RT gene (Asp67, Lys70, Thr215, Lys219) associated with resistance to AZT were analysed. All of the 22 clones obtained from the isolates in the presence of 1 microM AZT had mutations at codon 215(Thr-->Tyr or Phe). Some of the 22 clones also had other mutations at codon 67 (Asp-->Ser), codon 70 (Lys-->Arg) and codon 219 (Lys-->Glu or Gln). Four amino acid residues in RT gene of the isolates which had been cultured in the presence of AZT were compared to that of the isolates cultured in the absence of AZT. The clones of the isolates obtained from the patients (04 or 05) had mutations at only codon 215 Thr-->Tyr) in both the presence and the absence of AZT. All of the clones of the isolates obtained from the patients (06 or 07) had mutations at codon 215 and some of them had other mutations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Growth hormone therapy in achondroplasia.

The status of growth hormone (GH) secretion together with the effect of GH therapy was studied in six children with achondroplasia. One patient had impaired GH secretion, which may, in part, be due to obesity. The pre-GH-treatment height velocity was 3.8 +/- 0.7 cm/year, but this increased to 6.0 +/- 1.0 cm/year in the first year of treatment and to 4.4 +/- 0.6 cm/year in the second year. One patient who underwent GH therapy for 4 years showed good response in height velocity. A considerable variation was observed in response to GH therapy within the treated cases.

Achondroplasia↗

PubMed1993

Expression of platelet alpha-granule proteins in a human megakaryocytic leukemia cell line (CMK 11-5).

We investigated the expression of three platelet alpha-granule proteins, thrombospondin (TSP), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and fibrinogen (Fbg), in a human megakaryocytic cell line (CMK 11-5) by immunocytochemical staining, using the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) complex method and immunoelectron microscopy of ultrathin-frozen sections. CMK 11-5, established from a Down's syndrome patient with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, has characteristics closely resembling those of normal megakaryocytes. Under basal conditions, TSP expression was observed in the alpha-granules, whereas the other two proteins were not detected. When the cells were cultured with 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the expression of TSP was enhanced and vWF was also detected, but not Fbg. Cells cultured in the presence of plasma for 24 h took up Fbg and stored it in their alpha-granules. These findings suggest that TSP and vWF are synthesized by CMK 11-5 cells, with the former being produced more rapidly than the latter, whereas Fbg is endocytosed from the plasma.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗

PubMed1993

Ultrastructural localization of myeloperoxidase activity in acute monoblastic leukemia.

In five patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL), the ultrastructural localization of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was investigated by two methods, one generally used for the detection of MPO and the other for the detection of platelet peroxidase. The MPO-positive rate achieved was lower with the former method than with the later, indicating that MPO is degraded during the fixation of AMoL cells for electron microscopy. If the ultrastructural MPO positivity of leukemic cells varies when different detection methods are used, the possibility of monocytic leukemia should be considered.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Electrochemical assay system with single-use electrode strip for measuring lactate in whole blood.

We have developed an assay system for measuring lactate in whole blood, consisting of a single-use strip of an enzyme-coated electrode and a small meter. The electrode strip is made of three plastic films: a cover sheet, a spacer, and an insulation layer printed with electrodes that are coated with lactate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.x) and ferricyanide as an electron mediator. The meter measures the magnitude of the anodic current of the reduced mediator by the enzymatic reaction and displays the lactate concentration 60 s after a blood sample (5 microL) is applied. The calibration curve was linear up to 20 mmol/L, and the between-run CVs at three concentrations were 1.7-8.4%. Lactate concentrations determined by this method (y) in blood samples from healthy individuals before and after exercise agreed with the results obtained by the conventional enzymatic method (x): y = 0.97x - 0.3, Sy/x = 0.7. This assay provides a rapid and convenient test for measuring blood lactate concentrations.

Biosensing Techniques↗

PubMed1992

[Intraarterial urokinase infusion therapy with superselective catheterization for acute occlusive cerebrovascular disease].

Intraarterial urokinase infusion therapy with superselective catheterization was performed on 11 patients for acute occlusive cerebrovascular disease. The subjects were five men and six women with a mean age of 70 years (range, 48-83 years). Nine of 11 patients had middle cerebral artery occlusion and two had basilar artery occlusion. The interval from onset to infusion ranged from 3.5 to 9 hours, and the total dosage of urokinase from 24 x 10(4) to 150 x 10(4) IU. Recanalization of the occluded artery was achieved in nine patients (82%), and favorable clinical outcome was achieved in seven patients (64%). Six of whom were discharged with no neurologic deficits. Hemorrhagic infarction occurred in two patients without clinical deterioration. Our observations suggest that intraarterial urokinase infusion therapy with superselective catheterization may be very useful in the acute stage of occlusive cerebrovascular disease.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1992

[A case with delayed-onset radiation pneumonitis suspected to be induced by oral etoposide].

Radiation pneumonitis usually occurs within 1-3 months after the completion of radiation therapy. A 63-year-old male with primary lung cancer treated by radiation therapy developed radiation pneumonitis 5 months after the completion of radiation therapy. He received 60 Gy to the lung tumor in a conventional fractionation schedule, and then two courses of intravenous chemotherapy using cis-diamine-dichloroplatinum (II) (110-140 mg) and etoposide (140-175 mg). Oral etoposide was initiated for bone metastases on the 104th day after the completion of radiation therapy at a daily dose of 20 mg, to a total dose of 1075 mg. He complained of fever and exertional dyspnea 5 months after the completion of radiation therapy. Chest radiography showed homogeneous infiltrates in the irradiated lung. These clinical signs and symptoms were refractory to antibiotic therapy, but steroid therapy resulted in marked improvement. The development of radiation pneumonitis was suspected to be induced by oral etoposide, which was given before the onset of radiation pneumonitis. These data suggest that etoposide induces a recall phenomenon, as has been demonstrated with such drugs as adriamycin and actinomycin-D.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1992

[Temperature distribution and geometry of the electrodes in RF interstitial hyperthermia using circular and interstitial electrodes].

To evaluate the feasibility of clinical application of a newly developed interstitial hyperthermia system, which consists of an 8 MHz radiofrequency generator, interstitial needle electrodes, and a superficial circular electrode, we conducted preclinical experiments using an agar phantom and VX-2 carcinoma in the rabbit. In the experiment with an agar phantom, four 4 cm needle electrodes were placed in a square array at intervals of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 cm. Thermography demonstrated homogeneous temperature distribution at electrode intervals of 1.0 and 1.5 cm, but hot spots around the electrodes at an interval of 2.0 cm. When electrode deviation was less than 8 degrees from the parallel plane, no temperature deviation was observed. Using two 2 cm electrodes and two 4 cm electrodes in square array, thermography demonstrated a homogeneous temperature distribution in the area surrounded by the electrodes. Even if the electrodes were located at the periphery of the agar phantom, a homogeneous temperature distribution was obtained in the area surrounded by the electrodes. Using four 4 cm electrodes at intervals of 1.5 cm in VX-2 carcinoma in the rabbit, ideal heating was obtained: 42 degrees C at the periphery of the tumor and 43 degrees C at the center. These data suggest that the newly developed interstitial hyperthermia apparatus provides homogeneous heat distribution at electrode intervals of 1.5 cm or less and can be used in a Phase I study for deep-seated or superficial tumors.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Effects of injected antibody against the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex on monkey platelet fibrinogen.

Four monkeys were injected for a 10-day period with the Fab fragment of a murine monoclonal antibody (NNKY 1-32) which inhibits the binding of fibrinogen to the platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa complex. Platelet fibrinogen levels were assessed quantitatively by electroimmunoassay and qualitatively by immunoelectron microscopy. The platelet fibrinogen level fell to 9.0 +/- 2.8% of the control level after antibody administration. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that the injected antibody was localized on the inner surface of the platelet alpha-granule membrane. Our findings suggest that the GP IIb/IIIa complex can be internalized by alpha-granules and that it may mediate the endocytosis of plasma fibrinogen by platelets.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Radiation therapy for patients with obstructive jaundice caused by carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary system].

From February 1980 through September 1990, 92 patients with obstructive jaundice resulting from biliary tract cancer registered at Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital or Ehime University Hospital. Radiation therapy (RT) was used to treat 38 of these patients (30 with carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct, excluding ampulla of Vater, and eight patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder). Of 38 patients, 11 underwent intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT), and 27 were treated by external radiation therapy (ERT) alone. In contrast, 54 patients (39 with carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct and eight with carcinoma of the gallbladder) were not treated by RT. All jaundiced patients received external and/or internal biliary drainage of some kind. Among patients undergoing biliary drainage with a catheter, 21 patients who underwent RT (four with IORT) survived significantly longer than 19 patients who did not (generalized Wilcoxon test: p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences in survival between 7 patients with recanalization and 11 patients with no recanalization. Concerning the survival of laparotomized patients, excluding those with complete resection or perioperative death, eight patients treated with postoperative ERT survived longer than 12 patients who did not have postoperative ERT (not significantly). Eleven patients underwent IORT. A patient with unresectable carcinoma of the hilar bile duct survived 2 years and 3 months after a combination treatment of ERT and IOTR. In four of eight autopsied patients, radiation effects of Grade II were observed (Oboshi and Shimosato's evaluation system for the histological effects of radiation therapy). Our experience suggests that RT is effective in patients with obstructive jaundice caused by carcinoma of the biliary system.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

[Results of radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix using high dose-rate intracavitary irradiation].

We retrospectively analyzed 216 previously untreated patients with cervical cancer treated by high dose-rate intracavitary irradiation between 1978 and 1986. Cumulative 5-year survivals in stage Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb and IVa were 72.3%, 88.9%, 68.9%, 75.0%, 64.0% and 16.7%, respectively. Cause-specific 5-year survivals in stage Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb and IVa were 93.3%, 88.9%, 74.7%, 75.0%, 68.9%, and 18.8%, respectively. Recurrences outside the pelvis in stage IIb and IIIb (14.9% and 24.0%) were more common than loco-regional recurrences (10.3% and 12.0%). However, loco-regional recurrences (50%) were most frequent in stage IVa. Thirteen patients (6.0%) required surgical management for intestinal complications (severe). Six patients (2.7%) died due to intestinal complications (fatal). These fatal and severe complications were closely correlated with the dose of external radiation. These data suggest that intracavitary irradiation using a high dose-rate system is useful for the treatment of uterine cancer; however, further efforts to reduce intestinal complications by lowering the dose of external radiation will be necessary. It is also suggested that a combined modality, such as chemotherapy, is necessary for controlling metastases outside the pelvis in stage IIb and IIIb, and for local control in stage IVa.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

In vitro and in vivo effects of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid on the distribution of indium-111 monoclonal antibody metabolism.

The effects of diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) on indium-111 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) metabolism were examined. Sequential analysis of 111In-MoAb incubated in serum at 37 degrees C by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrophoresis revealed that the radioactivity gradually moved from the MoAb to a 70-90 kDa molecular weight fraction. DTPA inhibited the transchelation of 111In to this fraction. It also decreased 111In uptake by isolated rat hepatocytes but did not remove 111In incorporated in hepatocytes. The daily in vivo administration of DTPA (0.5-2.0 mg/mouse daily) to athymic mice after 111In-MoAb injection significantly reduced the 111In uptake in the liver and kidney. The tumour uptake was decreased somewhat but not significantly. The serum radioactivity in the 70-90 kDa fraction was also decreased. Scintigraphic examination demonstrated a decreased liver uptake in the DTPA-treated group of mice. Our results show that 111In released from the DTPA-MoAb conjugate in serum binds to molecules of 70-90 kDa and that DTPA decreases the 111In uptake in this fraction, which induces a decrease of 111In accumulation in normal tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Results of the combination of external-beam and high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation for patients with cervical carcinoma.

We retrospectively analyzed 220 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by the combination of external-beam and high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy between 1978 and 1986. Five-year survivals for Stage Ib (n = 15), IIa (n = 18), IIb (n = 107), IIIb (n = 50), and IVa (n = 18) were 72.3, 88.9, 68.9, 64.0, and 16.7%, respectively. The incidences of recurrence outside the pelvis in Stage IIb and IIIb patients (15.0 and 24.0%) were higher than those of local recurrences (10.3 and 12.0%). Eighteen patients (8.2% of the total) had serious intestinal complications. These serious complications were closely correlated with the external-beam dosages. External-beam therapy was performed at 1.8-2.0 Gy/day, and high-dose-rate brachytherapy using a remotely controlled afterloading system (RALS) was performed once a week with 6.0-7.5 Gy at points A/fraction. Treatment dosages to the whole pelvis (WP), with central shieldings (CS), and with RALS according to FIGO stage were as follows: Stages Ib, IIa, 30-40 Gy (WP) plus 24-30 Gy (RALS); Stages IIb, IIIb, 40 Gy (WP) plus 10-20 Gy (CS) plus 24-30 Gy (RALS); Stage IVa, 40-50 Gy (WP) plus 10-20 Gy (CS) plus 20-30 Gy (RALS). From these data, the combination of external-beam and high-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation is an effective therapy for cervical cancer. It is also suggested that an additional combined chemotherapy is necessary to control metastic lesions outside the pelvis for Stages IIb and IIIb.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia with marrow eosinophilia showing 5q- and 16q22 mosaicism.

We report an 82-year-old Japanese female with acute myelomonocytic leukemia with dysplastic marrow eosinophilia (FAB M4Eo) exhibiting a partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5, del(5)(q13q31) and a derivative chromosome 16 with a breakpoint at band 16q22, in addition to 5q-. The patient had a history of a preleukemic phase for several months with marked dysplasia in trilineage marrow cells, in addition to leukemic features compatible with M4Eo. These findings strongly suggested that the leukemic cells in this case were derived from a preleukemic clone with a del(5q).

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Electron beam intraoperative radiation therapy (EBIORT) for localized pancreatic carcinoma.

Treatment results for 37 patients with localized pancreatic carcinoma treated using electron beam intraoperative radiation therapy (EBIORT) with curative intent from 1978 to 1990 in National Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital and the related hospitals were presented in comparison with those of a control group comprising 40 patients treated with no use of EBIORT. With additional treatment of EBIORT, 37 patients survived longer than the control 40 patients (p less than 0.05 during the 19th and 31st month). In the macroscopically total or partial resection, patients treated with EBIORT survived slightly longer than the controls. In the unresectable lesions, patients treated with EBIORT survived longer than the control patients (p less than 0.05 during the 7th month). In this group, there was one 5-year survivor who received EBIORT plus postoperative external radiation therapy (ERT) to the unresectable pancreatic head lesion but died 5 years later of massive bleeding from the duodenal ulcerations. Patients with unresectable carcinoma treated by EBIORT plus ERT survived longer than patients treated with EBIORT alone (p = 0.065). Pain relief was obtained in 95.0% of the unresectable patients with pain. Major adverse effects caused by irradiation were gastrointestinal troubles in five patients (leakage of choledochojejunostomy, gastric ulcerations, duodenal stenosis, gastric ulcerations and duodenal stenosis, duodenal perforation and ulcerations). EBIORT proved to be effective in the relief of serious pain and in the improvement of the survival of patients with localized pancreatic carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Patterns of failure and survival in locally advanced carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with high dose-rate intracavitary irradiation system.

We retrospectively analyzed 71 patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by irradiation using high dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy between 1978 and 1985. Seven patients were Stage IIIa, 46 Stage IIIb, and 18 Stage IVa. Five-year survivals for Stage IIIa, IIIb, and IVa were 71.4, 60.9, and 16.7%, respectively. An analysis of patterns of failure demonstrated that loco-regional recurrences were observed in 1 (14.3%) for Stage IIIa, 6 (13.0%) for Stage IIIb, and 9 (50.0%) for Stage IVa. The incidence of recurrence outside the pelvis observed in Stage IIIb patients (7 para-aortic nodes, 5 distant metastases) was much higher than that of local recurrence. Five patients (7.0% of the total: 1 with Stage IIIa, 3 with Stage IIIb, 1 with Stage IVa) required surgery to manage the complications. These data suggest that a high dose-rate intracavitary irradiation system is an effective tool for the treatment of cervical cancer. Further efforts to control metastatic lesions outside the pelvis are required for patients with Stage IIIb. To increase a loco-regional control rate for patients with Stage IVa disease, it is important to give additional treatment such as chemotherapy in conjunction with radiation therapy.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Effect of long-term calcitonin therapy by injection and nasal spray on the incidence of fractures in osteogenesis imperfecta.

The effect of calcitonin therapy by injection or nasal spray on the incidence of bone fractures was studied in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. In contrast to injection of calcitonin, intranasal administration of calcitonin twice a week for 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of no therapy, was simple and seemed beneficial for decreasing bone fractures in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.

Administration, Intranasal↗