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Biomedical subjects

K Hahn

Publications and source records attributed to K Hahn.

282 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexuality and COPD.

Persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who wish to remain sexually active must make adaptations to compensate for their diminishing activity tolerance, increasing dyspnea, role and sexual self-image changes, anxiety, and increased need for communication. This article describes a support group program designed to help persons with COPD become more knowledgeable and comfortable discussing sexual matters.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superior temporal gyrus and P300 in schizophrenia: a combined ERP/structural magnetic resonance imaging investigation.

Decrement of the auditory P300 component of the event-related potentials (ERP) is a robust finding in schizophrenic patients and seems to be most pronounced in the left temporal region. Structural MRI studies support the hypothesis that regional structural brain differences in this patient group include reduced volume in temporal lobe structures. The aim of the presented study was to investigate the possible gray matter volume reductions in the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the P300 reduction and left <right topographic asymmetry in schizophrenic patients. Therefore, in 50 male schizophrenic patients and 50 age- and educational level-matched male controls, auditory ERPs and structural MRI measurements of the gray matter volume of the STG were assessed. In the group of patients, the psychopathological symptom of thought disorder was correlated with the electrode site T3 and underlying gray matter of the left posterior superior temporal gyrus. The subgroup of patients with pronounced negative symptoms was analyzed with respect to ERP and structural MRI measurements. Our data revealed no evidence for a reduction of P300 amplitude or left STG gray matter volume in schizophrenic patients. However, the higher amount of thought disorders was related to a small T3 amplitude. No associations between the electrophysiological and structural measurements could be detected. There were also no significant reductions of ERP and MRI measurements within the subgroup of patients with pronounced negative symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Progression of Paget's disease of the spine 10 years following posterolateral spondylodesis].

M. Paget is regarded as a disease confined to the bone. Its chief characteristics are increased bone metabolism with accelerated bone reduction and precipitate bone reconstruction. One of the most common sites of the disease is the lumbar spine. Encroachment of Paget's disease from the third lumbar body to the neighbouring spinal structures is described 10 years after a lumbar spondylodesis.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI of hepatic schistosomiasis mansoni.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a patient with hepatic schistosomiasis mansoni. On T1-weighted images periportal zones appeared isointense to the surrounding liver, but strongly enhanced after injection of Gd-DTPA. This finding equals periportal enhancement in postcontrast CT studies and does not discriminate between periportal inflammation in early stages of the disease and portal venous and hepatic artery collaterals in late stages of periportal fibrosis. However, on T2-weighted images periportal zones appeared as high signal bands throughout the liver suggesting periportal inflammatory changes with edema. Thus T2-weighted spin echo sequences should be performed and may be helpful to assess activity of periportal inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-antibiotic effect and post-expositional polyene antagonism of azole antifungal agents in Candida albicans: dependence on substance lipophilia.

The lipophilic azoles itraconazole (ICZ), ketoconazole (KCZ) and miconazole (MCZ) have two things in common regarding their effect on Candida albicans. First, these azoles cause a growth inhibition that persists for at least 24 h after exposure (post-antibiotic effect), although this is only occasionally observed for ICZ. Secondly, these substances cause a decrease in the fungicidal activity of amphotericin B (AMB, 1 mg l-1) upon subsequent exposure to this drug. In contrast, fluconazole (FCZ) exhibits neither of these two effects. Further tests suggest that both of these phenomena observed may be related to the non-covalent binding of the three lipophilic azoles to lipophilic cytoplasmic components of yeast cells. With fluconazole, such bonds seem to be much weaker. The amount of relatively hydrophilic fluconazole that is bound non-specifically to the fungal cell is evidently too low to produce long-lasting post-exposure effects like those caused by lipophilic azoles.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cisplatin therapy in 41 dogs with malignant tumors.

Forty-one dogs with a variety of histopathologically diagnosed, measurable tumors were treated with cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, Platinol, Bristol Laboratories, Syracuse, NY 13221-4755) as a single agent at a dosage of 60 mg/m2 given intravenously at 3-week intervals. In an attempt to avoid renal toxicity of cisplatin, saline diuresis was induced and maintained for 4 hours before and 2 hours following cisplatin administration. The dogs received one to ten doses of cisplatin. To determine response to therapy and to monitor toxicity of the drug, the dogs were evaluated with physical examinations including tumor measurements, radiography, complete blood counts, platelet counts, urinalyses, serum urea nitrogen concentrations, and serum creatinine concentrations. An overall response rate of 19% was observed. Complete remission occurred in one of 11 dogs with squamous cell carcinomas and one of one dog with a mediastinal undifferentiated carcinoma. Partial remissions were documented in one of 11 dogs with squamous cell carcinomas, two of three dogs with metastatic osteosarcomas, one of three dogs with nasal adenocarcinomas, and one of one dog with a thyroid adenocarcinoma. Toxic side effects were primarily gastrointestinal in nature, with vomiting occurring 1-6 hours after cisplatin administration in 27 of 41 dogs. Severe anorexia occurred in three dogs, and hemorrhagic diarrhea was observed in one dog. One dog developed grand mal seizures and died 3 hours following therapy. Granulocytopenia was documented in six dogs, and thrombocytopenia was observed in four dogs. One dog showed an increase in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine concentrations, but this patient had known pre-existing renal disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Response of canine cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma to lomustine (CCNU): a retrospective study of 46 cases (1999-2004).

BACKGROUND: Epitheliotropic lymphoma (ELSA) is an uncommon cutaneous canine malignancy of T lymphocytes. A consensus regarding the therapeutic standard of care is lacking, warranting evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents traditionally employed against canine nodal lymphoma in the treatment of ELSA. HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this retrospective, multi-institutional study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-l-nitrosourea (CCNU) in the treatment of ELSA. ANIMALS: Forty-six dogs with adequate follow-up and treatment response information. METHODS: All cases were diagnosed histopathologically. Immunohistochemisty (CD3, CD79a) was performed on 42/46 samples. RESULTS: Presenting skin lesions included generalized scales (25/46), plaques or nodules (22/46), mucocutaneous lesions (14/ 46), and corneal involvement (1/46). Lymph node involvement and Sézary syndrome were documented in 7 and 2 dogs, respectively. The median number of CCNU treatments was 4 (range, 1-11), with a median starting dose of 60 mg/m(2) (range, 30-95). Of the 46 dogs, 15 achieved complete remission, 23 achieved partial remission, 5 had stable disease, and 3 had progressive disease, for an overall response rate of 83%. The median number of treatments to achieve a response was 1 (range, 1-6). The overall median duration of response was 94 days (range, 22-282). Sixteen dose reductions were required because of neutropenia (10/46), thrombocytopenia (1/46), anemia (1/46), increased liver enzyme activity (3/46), or unspecified reasons (1/46). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Given the high response rate and well tolerated protocol, prospective studies are warranted to investigate the utility of CCNU alone or in multi-agent protocols for the treatment of ELSA.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Status epilepticus as a risk factor for postencephalitic parenchyma loss evaluated by ventricle brain ratio measurement on MR imaging.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral atrophy following herpes simplex encephalitis has formerly been described. We aimed to quantify atrophy after encephalitis of various causes. Additional objectives were to define which initial or long-term clinical factors correlate with volume loss and to search for any correlate in global clinical outcome measures. METHODS: MR imaging was performed in 40 subjects in the acute stage of encephalitis and > or =6 months after onset of symptoms. The ventricle brain ratio (VBR) was measured on corresponding images from disease onset and follow-up, and the change in VBR (VBR delta) was calculated as a percentage value of the starting measure. Clinical outcome was evaluated by interview and neurologic examination and characterized by using an encephalitis-adapted version of the modified Rankin Scale. RESULTS: The VBR delta ranged from -5%-102% (median, 5.93%; lower quartile, 1.8%; upper quartile, 14.55%; mean, 14.43%; SD, 23.75%). We found significant differences in the VBR delta between those patients who required intensive care (P = .027), had more than 2 epileptic seizures or a status epilepticus during the acute stage (P = 0.021), or developed postencephalitic epilepsy (P = .015) and their respective counter-subgroups. Three patients were rated to have unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, 3-5). Patients with unfavorable clinical outcomes tended to show greater VBR delta values, but a statistical evaluation was impossible because of small numbers. CONCLUSION: More than 2 epileptic seizures or a status epilepticus during the acute stage of encephalitis is associated with a greater loss of parenchyma.

Acute Disease↗