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Biomedical subjects

K H Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to K H Jensen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in a hypertensive population.

AIMS: This investigation was set up to study the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in a hypertensive population with reference to a normotensive control group. From the general population 3498 men and women aged 35, 45, 55 and 65 years old were invited to a health examination. Participants with blood pressure above 160 mmHg systolic or 95 mmHg diastolic or those taking antihypertensive medication or having done so during the previous 6 months were asked to undergo an echocardiographic examination. Normotensive controls were randomly selected from the same population. Of 552 participants in the final study population, 194 were normotensive controls and 358 were in the hypertensive group. Echocardiographic measurements were made according to the Penn conventions and indexed for body surface. Cut-off values for left ventricular hypertrophy were 134 g.m-2 for males and 102 g.m-2 for women. RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was 14%/20% (men/women) in normotensives and 25%/26% in hypertensives (P < 0.01). After subdivision by age and sex, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy between normotensives and hypertensives only in the 65-year-old group (P < 0.02 for males and P < 0.05 for females). CONCLUSIONS: The association between blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy in the general population is weak. Left ventricular hypertrophy is only significantly more frequent among hypertensives as compared to normotensives in older people.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Pre- and postpubertal LH and estradiol pattern in gilts subjected to intermittent inescapable electroshock.

The effect of intermittent electroshock on LH and estradiol secretory pattern and on reaching puberty was studied in 24 prepubertal gilts. Twelve gilts 115-168 days of age received unpredictable and inescapable electroshocks 0-5 times daily between 8 am and 4 pm and 12 gilts served as controls. At an age of 168 +/- 0.7 days all gilts were moved, regrouped and exposed to a boar for 30 min. Observations for signs of oestrus were carried out twice daily. Indwelling jugular catheters were inserted into 8 gilts on each treatment after the initial boar contact. Blood samples were collected to determine LH profiles for 4 h every 15 min on day 2 and day 4 after the initial boar contact. The remaining 4 gilts on each treatment were catheterized one day prior to the initial boar contact and blood was collected to determine LH profiles the day before initial boar contact and day 1 and day 2 after initial boar contact for 6 h every 15 min. In addition, blood samples were collected and analyzed for LH and estradiol from all gilts daily at 8 am, 12 am and 4 pm for the first 3 days following the initial boar contact and thereafter every 4 h until the end of oestrus (diurnal samples). Samples taken daily at noon the first 5 days following initial boar contact were analyzed for cortisol. The electroshock treatment significantly increased the age at puberty (p = 0.04) and tended to decrease the mean LH concentration prior to the preovulatory LH surge (p = 0.08) and the maximal concentration of LH during the preovulatory LH surge (p = 0.07). The apparent down regulation of the plasma concentration of LH was not associated with increased activity in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in that the basal concentration of cortisol was not affected by treatment. This indicates that other physiological mechanisms are involved in stress-induced suppression of LH.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Irritable colon among 30-60-year old subjects. A cohort study of 4581 Danes].

With the aim to assess prevalence, incidence, recovery and risk factors of irritable bowel syndrome a follow-up study of 4581 Danes was carried out. The cohort was obtained by a sex- and age-stratified random sample of Danes living in the Western part of Copenhagen County. Participants were interviewed about abdominal symptoms. According to various definitions, the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome varied from 5 to 65% and the incidence varied from 1 to 36%. At the five year follow-up only 5% of subjects with irritable bowel syndrome were free of all symptoms. Psychic vulnerability, female sex, younger age and having problems were strongly associated to irritable bowel syndrome, while lifestyle factor were not important risk factors. Populations defined as suffering from irritable bowel syndrome according to various definitions had less than 50% of subjects in common. It is concluded that irritable bowel symptoms are frequent, fluctuating phenomena in the general population. Women, the young, the psychic vulnerable, and people having problems are at greater risk of having irritable bowel syndrome. Different studies applying different definitions of irritable bowel syndrome can not be considered to be comparable.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Epidemiology of abdominal symptoms in a random population: prevalence, incidence, and natural history.

The study presents results from a five-year follow-up on abdominal symptoms in an age and sex stratified random sample of 4,581 Danes. Abdominal pain occurred significantly more often among women (prevalence: 49%, incidence: 21%) compared to mean (prevalence: 38%, incidence: 15%). Five years later the pain had disappeared in 43% of the men and 31% of the women (p = 0.003). Distension, borborygmi, and altering consistency of stools occurred with a prevalence of approximately 50% and an incidence of approximately 30%, significantly more often among women compared to men. Five years later these symptoms had disappeared in about 20%. Prevalence of both heartburn and acid regurgitation were significantly higher among men (38%) than women (30%), whereas no sex difference was observed regarding incidence of these symptoms (16%). Approximately 30% of subjects who had experienced heartburn or acid regurgitation did not do so five years later. In conclusion, abdominal symptoms occur frequently and recurrently in the general population. This information is of importance to doctors when they evaluate patients with abdominal complaints, but no obvious organic etiology.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1994

Dietary salbutamol and level of protein: effects on the acute stress response in pigs.

Effect on the acute stress response of dietary inclusion of 3 ppm salbutamol (beta-2-adrenergic agonist) at two levels of protein were investigated in growing pigs (from 25 kg live weight). The trial comprised six litters (blocks) of four females allocated randomly to four treatment groups in accordance with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. The response to an open-field test and to an intruder were measured at 50 kg live weight. Salbutamol increased immobility and looking, reduced total exploration, and increased plasma ACTH after test. At high dietary levels of protein, salbutamol also increased the latency to attack. High dietary levels of protein reduced standing still, latency to contact a novel object and an intruder, and level of plasma cortisol before test. Moreover, high protein without salbutamol seemed to reduce the latency to attack an intruder. In conclusion, chronic treatment with salbutamol shifted the acute stress response in pigs toward a passive response, whereas high dietary level of protein provoked an active response, which may have consequences in pig production.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1994

The epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome in a random population: prevalence, incidence, natural history and risk factors.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess prevalence, incidence, recovery, and risk factors of irritable bowel syndrome according to different definitions in a large random population. DESIGN: A 5 year follow-up study of a sex- and age-stratified random sample of 4581 Danes interviewed about abdominal symptoms. SETTING: The Glostrup Populations Studies Unit at Glostrup County Hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence, incidence, recovery, and the association of risk factors to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The percentage of subjects common to the populations selected by the various definitions of IBS. RESULTS: According to various definitions, the prevalence of IBS varied from 5 to 65% and the incidence varied from 1 to 36%. At the 5 year follow-up only 5% of subjects with IBS were completely free of all symptoms. Psychological vulnerability and the experience of having problems were strongly associated with prevalence and incidence of IBS, whereas lifestyle factors only showed a very weak or no relationship to IBS. Populations defined as suffering from IBS according to the various definitions had less than 50% of the subjects in common. CONCLUSIONS: Irritable bowel syndrome is frequent but fluctuating in the general population. Psychological factors seem to be of greater aetiological importance to IBS than lifestyle factors. However, a generally accepted and precise definition is essential to make future studies comparable and to allow general conclusions to be drawn. Furthermore, it still needs to be verified whether the syndrome is a disease entity or just an acceptable, common life-condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Handball injuries. An epidemiological and socioeconomic study].

A total of 570 injuries in handball players were prospectively registered in a well-defined geographical area of 124,321 inhabitants. The incidence of handball injuries was 46/10,000 inhabitants/year and in females (61/10,000/year) double that for males (31/10,000/year). Sixty-two percent of the injuries were distortions and sprains and 12% were fractures. A total of 7% were hospitalised and the loss of income because of sick leave was in total $3870. Sixty-eight percent of the injured handball players did not play for more than one week. Surprisingly, 8% of the minor injuries resulted in a risk leave of more than six days. Five percent of these injured quit a tournament of training after sustaining a handball injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Soccer injuries. A prospective epidemiological and socioeconomic study].

In one year 715 soccer injuries were registered and treated in the casualty ward of Randers City Hospital. We conducted a prospective study of these patients, using a questionnaire in order to determine the most common locations, types, mechanisms and treatments of injury. Financial costs to society and the individual were also examined. Finally, we compared the most common types of injury definition in sports medicine. According to the Abbreviated Injury Scale, A.I.S., 44% of the injuries were classified as minor, 46% as moderate injury and 9% as severe. Fractures accounted for 17% of all injuries. Sprains and contusions were the most frequent injuries, accounting for 46% and 25% respectively. Most injuries (63%) were treated in the casualty ward, whilst 20% were treated as outpatients. 7% were admitted to the hospital immediately, and a further 2% were later admitted from the outpatient clinic. A total of 88% of those hospitalized were treated as inpatients for 1-7 days, and 12% for more than two weeks. 31% of all the soccer players seen in the casualty ward were absent from work, and 12% were absent from work for more than three weeks. 8% of the injured soccer players suffered loss of income. 40% had financial losses between $0-250, 40% between $250-750, seven per cent between $750-1,250, and 14% more than $1,250. From the data presented in this study, we conclude that the injury rate among soccer players increases with age, and the severity of the injuries is greatest in the oldest age groups. Soccer injuries constitute the major part of sports injuries seen in the casualty ward.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abbreviated Injury Scale↗
PubMed1993

Calcium, magnesium, and free fatty acids in the formation of gallstones: a nested case-control study.

In a nested case-control study, calcium status was assessed by measurements of serum total calcium, magnesium, phosphate, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone, albumin, total CO2 (bicarbonate), and free fatty acids in relation to gallstone formation. The subjects were recruited from a cohort study (n = 4,581) on the epidemiology of gallstones in Denmark. The cohort was examined with ultrasonography twice, in 1983 and 1988; 63 subjects developed gallstones, and among those who did not, 122 were randomly selected as controls. Subjects with gallstones had significantly increased serum concentrations of total calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate as compared with normal subjects. The difference was only observed in women. Age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking did not influence the results when included as covariables in a logistic regression analysis. Multivariate analysis showed increased concentrations of magnesium, bicarbonate, and parathyroid hormone to be significantly associated with gallstone disease in women. No significant association was observed between gallstone disease and serum variables in men.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1993

Lateral presentation of a Baker's cyst.

Lateral presentation of a Baker's cyst occurred in a 27-year-old woman. The popliteal origin of the cyst was diagnosed by computed tomography and confirmed by surgery and histologic examination. Lateral presentation of a Baker's cyst is rare.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Who has gallstones? Current epidemiologic studies].

Until a few years ago, our knowledge about the epidemiology of gall-stones was limited on account of the absence of diagnostic methods for investigation of extensive populations. Development of ultrasound scanning has had the result that, within the past six or seven years, a number of screening investigations for gall-stones in populations selected at random have been undertaken. These investigations reveal that the great majority of cases of gall-stones are undiagnosed. The prevalence increases with the age and is higher in women than in men. The latter observation is due to factors which are specific for women, mainly pregnancies but possibly also employment of hormones and the duration of the fertile period. Familial accumulation of gall-stone disease is also observed. Obesity, smoking and abstinence from alcohol appear also to be related to gall-stones while the significance of diet is still poorly elucidated. Gall-stones appear to be associated with both lipid and glucose metabolism. During the coming years, a series of incidence investigations may be anticipated and these will further increase our knowledge about risk factors for gall stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Spiral fracture of the humerus during arm wrestling].

The authors present the case of a body-builder who sustained a spiral fracture of the humerus during arm wrestling (Indian wrestling). The cause of the fracture and the underlying mechanism are discussed and it is concluded that it appears appropriate to warn body-builders and weight-lifters against arm wrestling.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Who has gallstones? Recent epidemiological studies].

Until a few years ago, our knowledge about the epidemiology of gall-stones was limited on account of the absence of diagnostic methods for investigation of extensive populations. Development of ultrasound scanning has had the result that, within the past six or seven years, a number of screening investigations for gall-stones in populations selected at random have been undertaken. These investigations reveal that the great majority of cases of gall-stones are undiagnosed. The prevalence increases with age and is higher in women than in men. The latter observation is due to factors which are specific for women, mainly pregnancies but possibly also employment of hormones and the duration of the fertile period. Familial accumulation of gall-stone disease is also observed. Obesity, smoking and abstinence from alcohol appear also to be related to gall-stones while the significance of diet is still poorly elucidated. Gall-stones appear to be associated with both lipid and glucose metabolism. During the coming years, a series of incidence investigations may be anticipated and these will further increase our knowledge about risk factors for gall-stones.

Cholelithiasis↗
PubMed1991

Incidence of gallstones in a Danish population.

Five-year incidence of gallstone disease was assessed by ultrasonography in an age- and sex-stratified random population of Danish origin aged 30, 40, 50, and 60 years. The response rate was 82.8% (2987/3608). Nonrespondents did not differ from respondents regarding variables concerning gallstone disease. The 5-year incidence of gallstone disease in men aged 30, 40, 50, and 60 years was 0.3%, 2.9%, 2.5%, and 3.3%. Corresponding figures in women were 1.4%, 3.6%, 3.1%, and 3.7%. The incidence of gallstones was significantly higher in subjects aged 45 years or more compared with those aged 35 years. The sex difference in gallstone incidence decreased with increasing age. A significantly higher incidence of gallstone disease was found among subjects with former polyps in the gallbladder. Spontaneous disappearance of gallstones was seen in 4.5%.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Gluteal compartment syndrome].

The gluteal compartment syndrome is a condition which has rarely been described. Most frequently, it is caused by violent injury. A case which was precipitated by intramuscular injection in connection with anticoagulation treatment and which involved the sciatic nerve is described.

Buttocks↗
PubMed1990

Polyps in the gallbladder. A prevalence study.

The prevalence of gallbladder polyps as assessed by ultrasonography in a random population was 4.6% among men and 4.3% among women. The size of most polyps was 3 mm or more but never exceeded 10 mm. The prevalence of polyps was not significantly associated with age, sex, social factors, weight factors, physical activity, diabetes mellitus, pregnancies, use of exogenous female hormones, intake of alcohol, or plasma lipids. Polyps among men were significantly associated with a history of no smoking. This lack of risk factor profile resembled that of cholesterolosis, as seen in the literature, whereas it was quite different from that of gallstones. It is concluded that polyps in the gallbladder are common in a random population, and, although it is known from the literature that some cases may represent gallstones, the vast majority most probably represent the polypoid variation of cholesterolosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Intermittent claudication--social aspects in young patients not undergoing surgical treatment].

A total of 107 patients suffering from intermittent claudication (CI) was studied after a mean observation time of 5.9 years. Thirty-one (29%) had died during the observation period. A questionnaire was sent to 76 patients and 78% replied. All patients were under 50 years of age at the first consultation. No patients had been operated upon. The ratio women:men was 1:1.3. 33% received disability pensions or some other kind of pensions. Fifty-eight had limited their spare-time activities because of CI. It is concluded that a close control and reconstructive arteria surgery must still be recommended when the working ability is threatened.

Adult↗