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Biomedical subjects

K H Hsieh

Publications and source records attributed to K H Hsieh.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Increased adherent suppressor cell activity in allergic children.

Monocyte regulation of IgE biosynthesis was studied in 20 asthmatic children and 20 healthy normals. The monocytes (MN's) were separated from mononuclear cells (MNC's) by plastic petri dish adherence and part of them were activated by lippopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 micrograms/ml for 1 hour). The results showed that (1) MNCs of patients produced much more IgE than did the MNC's of normals, (2) monocyte-depletion resulted in decreased IgE production of patients' MNC's but not normals' MNC's (3) monocytes of patients could enhance the IgE-synthesizing capability of T cell activity in IgE biosynthesis in both allergic patients and normals. It is, therefore, concluded that there exist in allergic patients suppressor adherent cells which suppress the regulatory T cell function and may play a certain role in the immunopathogenesis of augmented IgE production in atopic individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Different responses of monocytes and active T lymphocytes to in vitro challenge of purified protein derivative (PPD) in patients with active tuberculosis and healthy tuberculin reactors.

In order to ascertain the roles of phagocytes and T lymphocytes in the defense of tuberculous infection, 21 cases of healthy tuberculin reactors and 45 cases of active tuberculosis were studied with regard to the expression of Fc and complement receptors on phagocytes and changes of surface markers of lymphocytes after in vitro incubation with purified protein derivative (PPD). After PPD stimulation, the monocytes with Fc and complement receptors tended to increase in tuberculin-positive but not in tuberculin-negative patients in patients. Thus the failure of the monocytes to be activated by PPD in vitro correlates with negative skin test in vivo and the inability of the lymphocytes from patients to respond to in vitro PPD activation with increased active T lymphocytes may account for the establishment of tuberculous infection after exposure to virulent tubercle bacilli.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[HLA and childhood asthma (author's transl)].

In order to study the relationship between human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the occurrence of childhood bronchial asthma in Chinese, HLA typings were done, by using commercially available HLA immunoplates (Behring, West Germany), in 99 children with allergic bronchial asthma who attended the allergy clinic of the Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and had been receiving hyposensitization. The results showed: (1) There was no difference in the frequency of HL-A antigens between patients and normals, (2) while HLA-B5 appeared more frequently in patients than in normals (relative risk 2.28-3.18, chi 2 = 15.39, p less than 0.001), HLA-B17 was less often seen in patients than in normals (relative risk 0.19, chi 2 = 33.49 p less than 0.001). It is, therefore, concluded that in Chinese, individuals carrying HLA-B5 have higher chance to be affected by bronchial asthma and those carrying HLA-B17 are less likely to become asthmatics in their childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Immunological studies of newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia.

In order to study the immunocompetence of severely jaundiced newborn infants and the possible role of infection in the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, 74 newborn infants with varying degree of jaundice were studied with respect to several immunological parameters. The results showed that neonates with total serum bilirubin more than 20 mg/dl had statistically significantly higher numbers of white blood cells (WBCs), band form granulocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and monocytes with Fc and complement (C') receptors and elevated serum IgM than did those with lower serum bilirubin. It is therefore concluded: 1) There is no difference in immunocompetence between severely and mildly jaundiced newborn infants, 2) Infection may play some role(s) in the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and 3) Determinations of total WBCs, band form granulocytes, phagocytes with Fc and C' receptors and serum IgM level are of help in the diagnosis of infection in the newborn period.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1980

Nature of T lymphocyte recognition of macrophage-associated antigens. V. Contribution of individual peptide residues of human fibrinopeptide B to T lymphocyte responses.

Guinea pig T lymphocyte responses to a decapeptide antigen (NH1-Asp5-Ans6-Glu7-Glu8-Gly9-Phe10-Phe11-Ser12-Ala13-Arg14-OH) of human fibrinopeptide B (hFPB) were examined using various synthetic peptide analogues containing single residue substitutions. Each analogue was examined for antigenicity as determined by an in vitro proliferative responses of hFPN-immune strain 2 guinae pig T cells. In addition, both strain 2 and strain 13 animals were immunized with each analogue and immunogenicity assessed by in vitro T cell-proliferative responses with the homologous immunizing analogue and the parent peptide. Replacement of arginine14 with lysine formed an immunogenic analogue which showed no antigenic cross-reactivity with the native peptide in strain 2 T cell responses. In addition, substitution of arginine14 with blocked lysine again produced a unique immunogenic analogue that showed little or no antigenic identity with the intact lysine analogue or the native peptide. In similar fashion, substitution of resideu phenylalanie10 with tyrosine or Phe(4-NO2) created unique immunogenic analogues with little or no antigenic identity to the native peptide with strain 2 T cells. By contrast, replacement of phenylalanine11 with either tyrosine or Phe(4-NO2) resulted in analogues with a total loss of immunogenicity and antigenicity in strain 2 T cell responses. An analogue in which glutamic acid7,8 were replaced with glutamine retained a small degree of antigenicity with hFPB-immune T cells, but T cells from strain 2 animals immunized with the Gln analogue responded only marginally to the Gln analogue while producing good proliferative responses with the native peptide. On the other hand, an analogue in which asparatic acid5 was replaced with asparagine retained most of the antigenic identity with hFPB for strain 2 T cell responses. None of thee analogues were immunogenic for strain 13 guinea pigs. These observations are discussed with respect to the contribution of each substituted residue to T cell respones, mechanism of Ir gene function, and a model for T cell recognition of small peptide antigens.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Common variable immunodeficiency: an immunological study (author's transl)].

A 17-year-old school boy with recurrent sinopulmonary infection and diarrhea was found to have marked hypogammaglobulinemia. He had no family history of similar disorder. Serum IgG was measured 240 mg/dl, whereas all the other classes of immunoglobulins were undetectable with Mancini's technique. The polymorphonuclear leukocyte function and complement system were normal. Although the numbers of T and B lymphocytes were normal, we demonstrated that the patient's B cells were able to produce only IgG in subnormal amount and unable to secrete other classes of immunoglobulins. No hyperactive suppressor T cell function or inadequate helper T cell function was found. Therefore, the basic immmunopathogeneic mechanism was ascribed to intrinsic B cell defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of cyclophosphamide, levamisole and concanavalin A on the in vitro IgE biosynthesis.

The effects of cyclophosphamide (200 microgram/ml), levamisole (1 microgram/ml) and Concanavalin A (10 microgram/ml) on the in vitro IgE biosynthesis of lymphocytes from 2 allergic children and six healthy adults were studied. The capability of the IgE biosynthesis was enhanced by cyclophosphamide in nine allergic children, suppressed by levamisole in three and not changed by Concanavalin A. The three patients who showed in vitro suppressed IgE synthesis by levamisole had been treated with levamisole for more than three months but only one revealed decreased serum IgE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Different responses of T-cell subpopulations to allergen challenge in asthmatic children and normals.

Distributions of T-cell subpopulations before and after in vitro allergen stimulation were studied in 57 house dust sensitive asthmatic children and 23 healthy persons. House dust sensitivity was defined by both positive skin test and RAST, T micron cells were detected by rosette formation of T-cells with ox RBC-IgM complexes and T gamma cells with ox RBC-IgG complexes. Without stimulation there was no difference in the distribution of T micron and T gamma cells between patients and normals. After stimulation, while both T micron and T gamma cells were increased in patients, only T gamma cells were increased in normals. Therefore, the normal IgE response of healthy individuals to allergen exposure may result from enhanced T gamma suppressor cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Different effects of concanavalin A-activated T-cells on the in vitro IgG and IgE biosynthesis in asthmatic children and normals.

The T-cell regulations of IgG and IgE biosynthesis were studied by treating purified T-cells from normal adult and asthmatic patients with various concentrations of concanavalin A (Con A) and the co-cultivated with allogeneic mononuclear cells in the presence of pokeweed mitogen for seven days. After being treated with 20 microgram/ml or more of Con A for 18 hours, T-cells from both normal and allergic individuals were able to suppress IgG, but not IgE, production of allogeneic lymphocytes. The results suggest that the T-cell regulation of IgE production is different from that of IgG synthesis and allergic patients do retain suppressor T-cell function(s).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Decreased Fc and complement receptors on the phagocytes of asthmatic children.

Surface receptors of polymorphonuclear (PMN) and mononuclear phagocytes for Fc portions of immunoglobulins and complement were studied in 57 asthmatic children and 23 normal controls. Erythrocyte-antibody complexes (EA) were used to detect the Fc receptors and erythrocyte-antibody-complement complexes (EAC) to detect complement receptors. Both the mean percentages of PMN and monocyte with Fc and complement receptors of asthmatic children were significantly lower than those of normals. Moreover, in allergic patients both the numbers of PMN with Fc and complement receptors decreased significantly after incubation with allergen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Complement activation by iodinated contrast media.

Activation of the complement system by iodinated contrast medium (ICM) infusion was studied in 25 children with congenital heart disease who received 76% Urographin during angiocardiographic studies. Total hemolytic activity (CH50), C1q, C3, C4 and C3 activator were determined before and 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after Urographin infusion. Results showed that CH50 decreased in 16 patients (64%), C3 in 12 patients (48%), C3 activator in 12 patients (48%), C1q in 11 patients (44%) and C4 in 11 patients (44%). No side effect was encountered in all patients. It is therefore concluded that both the classic and alternative complement pathways could be activated by ICM and no causal relationship could be found between the presence of complement activation and the occurrence of adverse reactions to ICM infusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Humoral and cell-mediated immunities in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (author's transl)].

Humoral and cell-mediated immunities were studied in 38 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis proved by sputum smears and/or cultures and chest X-rays. Nineteen healthy adults were included as control. The results showed that while the mean numbers of total white blood cell count, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, monocytes, B-lymphocytes and serum IgG concentration were significantly increased in patients, there was no difference in the mean numbers of lymphocytes, total T-lymphocytes, active T-lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocyteswith Fc and complementreceptor and serum IgA and IgM concentrations between these two groups. These data indicate that the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are able to respond to infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but subtle functional derangement of lymphocytes of patients still can not be ruled out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Job's syndrome--a case report (author's transl)].

A 4-year old boy with chronic eczema since early infancy had been admitted thrice to the hospital because of recurrent staphylococcal infections including furunculosis, lymphadenitis, pneumonia and pyothorax. Exhaustive immunologic studies revealed normal humoral, cell-mediated and non-specific immunities except extremely high serum IgE level and dysfunctions of granulocytes including decreased Fc and complement receptors, lowered chemotactic response (around the lower range of normal), slightly impaired intracellular killing of staphylococci and possibly impaired reactions to candida and BCG. In spite of long-term antimicrobial prophylaxis, cold abscesses continued to appear and the eczematous skin lesions waxed and waned.

Child, Preschool↗