Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Gross.
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The brain is a major target organ for corticosteroids. It has been observed that excessive circulatory levels of endogenous and exogenous corticosteroids are frequently associated with cognitive impairment in a wide variety of clinical disease states. Cognition and low levels of corticosteroids have been less well studied. In this paper we review the literature on glucocorticosteroid effects on cognition and delineate specific functions that appear to be causally affected. We draw a possible connection to specific areas of brain perturbation, including the hippocampus and frontal lobe regions. The possibility that cognitive dysfunction caused by glucocorticoids can be pharmacologically managed is introduced.
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This pilot study compared the effectiveness of subgingival irrigation with 0.12% chlorhexidine, 1.64% stannous fluoride, and sterile saline, in addition to scaling and root planing, on levels of Bacteroides porphyromonas and the clinical parameters bleeding tendency, probing depth, and attachment level. A convenience sample of eight patients, exhibiting 32 sites with moderate periodontal disease, was randomly assigned to receive all treatments according to a four-quadrant treatment design. Subgingival irrigation was performed at 0, 1, 2, and 3 weeks following scaling and root planing. Clinical and microbial assessments were measured at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using a two-factor repeated measure analysis of variance, and the Newman-Keuls sequential range test or Friedman test and Kruskal-Wallis test revealed statistically significant (p less than .01) improvements in probing depths, attachment levels, and Bacteroides porphyromonas for all groups at 12 weeks when compared to baseline values. No statistically significant differences occurred between any of the treatment groups at any time period. Based on the findings of this investigation, it has been concluded that four weekly irrigations with 0.12% chlorhexidine, 1.64% stannous fluoride, or saline irrigation did not enhance the beneficial effects of scaling and root planing alone.
The purposes of this study were to determine 1) if there was a significant difference in the tactile discrimination of first year dental hygiene students wearing a vinyl glove as compared to a latex glove; 2) if the subjects' perceptions of their ability to accurately discriminate between surface textures differed when wearing either one of the two gloves; and 3) the individual characteristics of the gloves preferred by the subjects. Twenty-nine first year dental students were randomly assigned to one of the two glove treatment groups. The tactile discrimination ability of each subject was assessed at baseline and three weeks after using the Roughness Discrimination Test (RDT). The subjects wore their assigned gloves when performing laboratory and clinical procedures during the 3-week period. Following this period the RDT was again administered. Subjects then switched gloves for an additional 3-week period, at which time data were collected regarding perceived discrimination ability and glove preference. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results revealed no significant difference (p less than 0.05) in subject's tactile discrimination ability while 29% indicated that the latex glove had an inhibitory effect. The subjects most frequently preferred the latex glove, citing specific favorable characteristics such as size, fit, comfort and durability while performing clinical procedures. However, the vinyl glove was favored for durability after washing.
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