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Biomedical subjects

K Grant

Publications and source records attributed to K Grant.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Horizontal vestibular nystagmus. I. Identification of medial vestibular neurones.

1. The properities of inputs from the horizontal semi-circular canal to neurones of the medial vestibular nucleus have been studied intracellularly in the unanaesthetized encéphale isolé cat. 2. Secondary neurones of the bestibulo-abducens reflex arc were identified by their orthodromic response to labyrinthine stimulation and by antidromic excitation from the contralateral abducens nucleus. 3. The responses of medial vestibular cells receiving only labyrinthine in puts are also described. These were seen to be predominantly excitatory though IPSPs were observed in a few cases. 4. Identified vestibular neurones were intracellularly injected with procion yellow and showed different morphological characteristics correlated with function.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1976

Horizontal vestibular nystagmus. II. Activity patterns of medial vestibular neurones during nystagmus.

1. Identified medial vestibular neurones were studied before, during and after nystagmogenic labyrinthine stimulation in the Encéphale isolé cat. Motor discharges were simultaneously recorded from the contralateral abducens nerve. 2. 87.9% of the recorded neurones showed changes in tonic firing frequency during repetitibe labyrinthine stimulation with no nystagmic modulation in behaviour. 3. The secondary vestibular neurones projecting monosynaptically to the contralateral abducens motoneurones were included in this non-rhythmic population. 4. Only 2% of the recorded population fired rhythmically both during nystagmogenic stimulation and poststimulation nystagmus. These neurones showed plasticity in behaviour regarding the phases of nystagmus recorded from the contralateral abducens nerve. 5. The remaining 10.1% of the medial vestibular neurones were excited or inhibited by repetitive stimulation of the labyrinth but showed burst firing pattersn correlated with poststimulation nystagmic discharges.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1975

Effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on blood insulin and glucose concentrations of diabetics.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) caused no significant changes in the blood glucose or insulin concentrations of diabetic subjects treated by dietary measures alone or by insulin and diet. In only one of eight subjects receiving oral hypoglycemic agents for the control of diabetes did a significant immediate increase in immunoreactive insulin follow administration of TMP-SMX. In the same patient hypoglycemic symptoms were present after the agent had been taken for 14 days.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The electric image in Gnathonemus petersii.

We review modelling and experimental work dealing with the mechanisms of generation of electric image. We discuss: (1) the concept of electric image in the context of the reafference principle; (2) how waveform codes an impedance related qualia of the object image, referred to as "electric colour"; (3) that some characteristics of the spatial profiles generated by pre-receptor mechanisms are suitable for edge detection; (4) which parameters of the spatial profiles provide information for distance discrimination; (5) that electric images are distributed representations of the scene.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accidents in elderly care: a randomised controlled trial (part 3).

This paper reports the data on accidents from a randomised controlled trial evaluating health authority-funded nursing home and long stay care of the elderly ward care in one inner London health district. Respondents randomised to NHS nursing homes experienced a higher accident rate than respondents randomised to conventional long stay hospital wards for elderly people. Respondents in the homes also experienced an earlier decline in functional and mental ability than those in hospital. These disadvantages have to be balanced against the previously published observational data from the evaluation, which clearly indicated that quality of life in the homes was superior to that in the wards. The conclusion from this study is that earlier decline in functional and mental ability and increased accident risk in the more flexible environments of the nursing homes have to be balanced against an inferior quality of life in the large traditional hospital wards; such assessments are not easy to make on behalf of other people. This final part of the report details the authors' conclusions.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accidents in elderly care: a randomised controlled trial (Part 2).

This paper reports the data on accidents from a randomised controlled trial evaluating health authority-funded nursing home and long stay care of the elderly ward care in one inner London health district. Respondents randomised to NHS nursing homes experienced a higher accident rate than respondents randomised to conventional long stay hospital wards for elderly people. Respondents in the homes also experienced an earlier decline in functional and mental ability than those in hospital. These disadvantages have to be balanced against the previously published observational data from the evaluation, which clearly indicated that quality of life in the homes was superior to that in the wards. The conclusion from this study is that earlier decline in functional and mental ability and increased accident risk in the more flexible environments of the nursing homes have to be balanced against an inferior quality of life in the large traditional hospital wards; such assessments are not easy to make on behalf of other people. The report is divided into three parts. This week, the results of the trial are presented.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Swan-Ganz catheter induced pulmonary hemorrhage.

In over 3500 consecutive open heart procedures using Swan-Ganz catheterization at our institution, we have experienced three major pulmonary artery injuries secondary to this procedure. Pulmonary artery hemorrhage is a rare but frequently fatal complication and a mortality rate as high as fifty percent has been reported. In two of these cases, major retraction of the heart was needed for adequate exposure of the cardiac pathology. The Swan-Ganz catheter inadvertently was advanced into the wedge position for prolonged intervals of time, and periodic overdistention of the balloon occurred. The third case occurred in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The need for aggressive surgical approach has been demonstrated. The authors have recommended steps to be taken when massive hemoptysis occurs and Swan-Ganz catheter perforation of the pulmonary artery is suspected. Re-evaluation of the "routine" use of the Swan-Ganz catheter may be necessary and overutilization may be a distinct possibility. When the use of this catheter is deemed appropriate, a more exact positioning of the distal portion of the catheter is mandatory if pulmonary artery perforation is to be avoided.

Aged↗