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Biomedical subjects

K Gotoh

Publications and source records attributed to K Gotoh.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Correlation between disaturated phosphatidylcholine in amniotic fluid and fetal lung maturation].

The concentrations of disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), the major component of pulmonary surfactant, were quantified on 528 amniotic fluid samples, which did not show the contamination of blood or meconium and were uncomplicated by polyhydramnios or severe congenital anomalies incompatible with life. 396 samples of amniotic fluid (29 RDS cases) obtained 72 hours before delivery were used to evaluate the reliability of DSPC as a specific indicator in pedicting fetal lung maturation. DSPCs were determined according to the method described by Mason et al. and lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratios were measured by using two dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The critical points of DSPC and L/S ratio were defined as 1.0mg/dl, 2.0 respectively. The results are as follows. There was a gradual increase in DSPC levels of amniotic fluid with increasing maturity until 35 weeks of gestational age and a rapid rise from 36 weeks to term. About 70% of the amniotic fluids having a significantly higher DSPC level greater than or equal to 5.0mg/dl within 35 weeks of gestation were found to be obtained from pregnant women whose pregnancy was complicated by PROM, threatened premature labor or cervical incompetency and who eventually underwent preterm labor. Out of 58 samples, in which DSPC and the L/S ratio were measured simultaneously, two markers agreed in 47 cases in an immature or a mature value for predicting fetal lung maturation. RDS was correctly predicted in 27 of 60 cases (false negative, 55.0%) with DSPC levels less than 1.0mg/dl. When DSPC levels were 1.0mg/dl or more, there were only two of 336 (0.6%), false positives.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1987

[A case of myonephropathic metabolic syndrome treated with limb washout using a roller pump and cell saver].

We operated on a 65 year old male for the saddle embolism presenting the signs of MNMS. Before the reperfusion of the ischemic limbs which were successfully embolectomized with the use of Fogarty catheter, we performed limb washout using roller pump and cell saver. The washout was done in the high flow and large volume by the roller pump. The red blood cells in the efflux were saved using cell saver and retransfused to the patient. The patient recovered without deterioration of MNMS. The limb washout was effective for the prevention of the deterioration of MNMS.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the peroxisomal enzyme activities of Tetrahymena pyriformis.

The effects of unsaturated fatty acids on the activities of peroxisomal enzymes of Tetrahymena pyriformis were investigated. When saturated fatty acids and the corresponding unsaturated fatty acids (C18) were added to the culture medium at 0.05%, the activities of peroxisomal enzymes [fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (FAO), carnitine acetyltransferase (CAT), isocitrate lyase (ICL), and malate synthase (MS)] were significantly increased. The order of effectiveness was linoleic acid greater than oleic acid greater than stearic acid. However, alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid at the same concentration were lethal to the cells. The inhibitory effect on growth disappeared upon addition of an antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol. Lipid peroxides derived from unsaturated fatty acids induced marked cell lysis. In the presence of a low concentration (0.005%) of linolenic acid the production of lipid peroxide was lower and no inhibitory effect on the growth was observed, while the activities of peroxisomal enzymes participating in lipid metabolism and that of catalase were significantly increased. These results indicate that the peroxisomal enzyme systems related to the beta-oxidations of fatty acids and the glyoxylate cycle are regulated by unsaturated long-chain fatty acids, including linolenic acid, at low concentrations, as well as by saturated fatty acid in the medium.

Acyl-CoA Oxidase↗
PubMed1986

Pathogenesis of impending myocardial infarction and acute myocardial infarction: clinical and angiographic evaluation of coronary thrombosis as a precipitating factor.

In order to investigate the role of coronary thrombosis as a precipitating factor of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we examined coronary angiographic findings in 89 patients with AMI taken within 24 hours of the onset and in 42 patients with prolonged angina attack of impending myocardial infarction (impending MI) taken within 50 hours of the last angina attack. Furthermore, in the patients with impending MI, the effects of intracoronary and intravenous thrombolytic therapy and anticoagulant therapy used to prevent impending MI from developing into AMI, were also studied. (1) In 72 of 89 patients (81%) with AMI, coronary thrombi were detected angiographically. The thrombi were detected most frequently (88%) in angiographs taken within 3 hours of onset. (2) In 23 of 42 patients with impending MI, coronary thrombi were detected angiographically. In 6 patients with coronary thrombi who underwent intracoronary thrombolysis during angina attack, occlusive coronary thrombi in ischemia-related vessels were the observed, and recanalization by thrombolysis with intracoronary urokinase infusion relieved chest pain and improved ECG changes. (3) The incidence of AMI in 42 patients with impending MI who were treated with intracoronary and intravenous thrombolytic therapy and anticoagulant therapy was significantly less than in the conventional therapy group (80 patients) (11.9% vs. 27.5%; p less than 0.05). In 4 of 5 patients with developing AMI, coronary thrombi were detected angiographically in the acute phase of impending MI. These results indicate that coronary thrombosis plays an important role not only in the precipitation of impending MI but also in the development of impending MI to AMI.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Volume-pressure relations of the human pulmonary "venous" system studied by radionuclide angiocardiography and passive leg elevation, with special reference to the effect of nitroglycerin.

In an attempt to clarify the effect of nitroglycerin (NTG) on the human pulmonary "venous" (P"V") system, short segments of volume-pressure (V-P) curves in the P"V" system were estimated in 50 patients before and after the sublingual administration of NTG. The pulmonary "venous" volume (P"V"V) was estimated with our own method, using radionuclide (RN) angiocardiography. The mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAW) was measured using a Swan-Ganz catheter. The increments of P"V"V and PAW that occurred during passive elevation of the legs were clues to the estimation of V-P "curves" in this system before and after NTG. In order to calculate a short segment of a V-P curve, the P"V"V was plotted on the ordinate and the PAW on the abscissa. In addition, we presented the effective unstressed volume graphically by extrapolating each short segment of V-P curves towards the volume axis (ordinate). We obtained the following results from the present study; The sublingual administration of NTG caused the P"V"V-PAW-plots to shift to the left (-5.2 +/- 3.6 mmHg, mean +/- SD) and downwards (-19 +/- 11 ml, mean +/- SD). The V-P curves appeared to shift to the left and become steeper after NTG. The average slope (delta V/delta P) was steeper after NTG (19.2 +/- 11.3 ml/mmHg, mean +/- SD) than before NTG (12.4 +/- 7.9 ml/mmHg). The graphically-obtained effective unstressed volume was unchanged with NTG, at least within the operating range of PAW. It is highly probable that NTG causes the tone of the P"V" system to be decreased by way of a relaxation of the vascular beds of the P"V" system.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A new method for the histological study of aging changes in the sinoatrial node.

In the autopsied heart, histological observation of specialized conducting cells, especially in the sinoatrial node, is very difficult. Conducting cells were investigated and classified in electron microscopic studies which were not adapted to the examination of the autopsied heart. In this study, we aimed to obtain a clear understanding of the microenvironment in the sinoatrial node of autopsied hearts. For this purpose, we prepared 1 mu thick sections using epon embedding methods for electron microscopy. Thus, we were able to isolate human SA nodal cells from the background collagen fiber, and morphological classification of conducting cells was enhanced. We examined histologically SA nodal cells from various age groups (20-86 years of age), and calculated the mean diameter and number of nodal cells in 4 age groups. SA nodal cells increased in diameter and decreased in number with aging.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Respiratory myoclonus. Report of a case with electromyographic study.

A case of respiratory myoclonus in a 45 year-old male was studied by electromyography. He complained of anorexia, involuntary swinging movement of the thorax and trunk, and epigastric pulsation. Electromyographic studies showed synchronous rhythmic grouped discharges at the of 2 to 3 Hz from the bilateral 8th to 10th intercostal muscles, the right iliocostalis lumborum muscle, and the left hemidiaphragm only during the expiratory phase. They disappeared on inspiration and forced expiration. Anesthetic block of the left phrenic nerve abolished both the voluntary and myoclonic movements of the left hemidiaphragm. Abnormal excitation of the central nervous system and possible irritation of the afferent pathways were postulated.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1986

[A case of renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy].

Renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy is extremely rare. This 30-year-old patient was first seen on Dec. 18, 1983 at the 7th week of her 2nd pregnancy. She had asymptomatic hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed normal findings and sonogram showed well defined echogenic mass in the upper pole of the right kidney. She was admitted to our hospital on account of gross hematuria and severe lumbago on Jan. 19, 1984. The pregnancy was stopped by artificial abortion. Renal angiography revealed a rich-vascularized tumor in the upper pole of the right kidney. Preoperatively, arterial embolization was done and nephrectomy was performed. Histological examination showed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. There was no involvement of the renal vein and no lymph-node metastases were found in the operation specimen. The post-operative course was uneventful. This rare case of renal cell carcinoma during pregnancy is herein reported along with some discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The regulation of peroxisomal enzyme systems of Tetrahymena pyriformis by fatty acid composition, glucose and oxygen in the medium.

The effect of the chain length of fatty acids on peroxisomal enzyme activities of Tetrahymena pyriformis was investigated. The growth of cells and the activities of peroxisomal enzymes were inhibited markedly by the addition of medium-chain fatty acids (C6-C12) to the culture medium, whereas the addition of longer-chain fatty acids (C14-C18) resulted in a slight increase of growth and in the marked stimulation of enzyme activities concerned with fatty acid beta-oxidation and the glyoxylate cycle in peroxisomes. Peroxisomal beta-oxidation (fatty acyl-CoA oxidase) was more potent towards longer-chain fatty acids than the mitochondrial activity (fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase). The induction of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation system by palmitate was repressed both by the addition of glucose and the aeration of the culture medium, whereas that of the peroxisomal glyoxylate cycle was repressed only by the addition of glucose to the medium. These results indicate that peroxisomal enzyme systems related to the beta-oxidation of fatty acids and the glyoxylate cycle are regulated by the compositions of fatty acids, glucose, and oxygen in the medium.

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1985

[A case of renal cell carcinoma found in traumatic ruptured kidney].

A case of traumatic kidney rupture with pre-existing renal cell carcinoma in a 38-year-old male is reported. Macrohematuria appeared 48 hours after left precordial trauma in a traffic accident. Initial diagnosis at the emergency clinic was 9th rib fracture of his left chest alone and no other injury was recorded. A large mass in left abdomen was palpable at urologic OPD, however, and X-ray examination revealed a non-visualizing left kidney in IVP. After the ECHO, CT and arteriography findings gave an impression of left kidney rupture. Left nephrectomy accompanied by partial colectomy of descending colon by transperitoneal approach was performed 25 days after initial trauma. This delay was mainly due to disagreement of patient for surgical treatment because there were no subjective symptom except microhematuria and subsiding fever after transfer to the urologic section. En bloc removed specimen showed ruptured kidney with adhesiveness laterally to descending colon and harder core portion was found in midst of renal mass. Coronal slice of the specimen exhibited a renal parenchymal tumor with necrotic spots. Pathologic findings were complete kidney rupture in upper pole and clear cell type renal cell tumor was found in mid and lower pole. Also lymph nodes which obtained from left renal pedicle and para aortic margin proved no metastasis of tumor cell. Post operative clinical course was favourable without any recurrence for 15 months after surgery. Clinical incidence of type I and type II kidney trauma with pre-existing neoplastic change is considerably high, but the kidney ruptured case bearing renal cell carcinoma as a core shape is very rare.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Prenatal assessment of fetal lung maturity by the stable microbubble method--fundamental and clinical study].

Diagnostic value of RDS was investigated by the Stable Microbubble Method. When this method was applied to the tracheal fluid of fetuses in rabbit (28 days of gestation), the PV curve and lung-thoracic compliance showed mature patterns in the test results for weak, medium, and strong as compared with those for zero and very weak in which they showed an immature pattern. Results by this method correlated with the DSPC level in human amniotic fluid, and were little affected by the contamination of meconium or fresh plasma. Amounts of DSPC were 0.69 +/- 0.05 (mg/dl, Mean +/- SE) in zero, 1.19 +/- 0.15 in very weak, 3.99 +/- 5.06 in weak, 6.58 +/- 2.01 in medium, and 7.70 +/- 1.15 in strong test results. The coefficient of correlation was 0.56 (p less than 0.01). In the clinical study, when the mature level was arbitrarily defined as weak, the diagnostic accuracy was 76.8%, false negative rate was 0%, and false positive rate was 27.5%. If the mature level was defined as very weak, the diagnostic accuracy was 94.2% and the false positive rate was 3.4%. But the false negative rate increased to 18.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of this method was higher than the double shake test (72.2%), and was as high as the measurement of the DSPC level (92.0%).

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

[Augmentation of cytotoxicity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes by interleukin-2 in gastric cancer patients].

Lymphocyte infiltration into tumor has been regarded as an expression of host reaction against tumor, but the natural cytotoxicity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TLL) is often very low. In order to augment this low cytotoxicity, TIL of gastric cancer patients were cultured with interleukin-2 (IL-2) in vitro. On the other hand, immunopotentiators (OK432, PSK) were injected into gastric cancer intralesionally under endoscopy. By the in-vitro culture with IL-2, the cytotoxicity of TIL was augmented against both targets of K562 and MNN28 (gastric carcinoma cell line). In particular, the augmentation of cytotoxicity against MKN28 was more obvious in TLL than PBL (peripheral blood lymphocytes). In the ascitic lymphocytes, the in-vitro culture with IL-2 induced autologous tumor cell killing. Intralesional injection of OK432 or PSK augmented the natural cytotoxicity of TIL, and the ratio of OKT8 and Leu7 cells increased in the TIL of OK432-injected group.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1985

[Fundamental studies on the management of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with antithrombin III (AT-III) concentrate].

The anticoagulant effect of antithrombin III (AT-III) in the management of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was investigated. When AT-III concentrate (4 mg/0.2 ml) was added to pregnant whole blood (0.8 ml), r(21.0 +/- 0.6 mm) and K(7.2 +/- 0.3 mm) (Mean +/- SE) were prolonged as compared with the saline control (C) (r: 18.6 +/- 0.6, K: 4.6 +/- 0.2 mm), and ma was decreased from 68.8 +/- 1.2 mm (C) to 60.3 +/- 1.0 mm (AT-III) on the TEG (p less than 0.01). PT and aPTT were also prolonged by the addition of AT-III concentrate (p less than 0.01). DIC models in rabbits were induced by continuous infusion of endotoxin (E). AT-III concentrate was administered two hours after starting infusion of E. Anticoagulant activity was evident on the TEG. In the data on coagulative and fibrinolytic factors, there were no significant differences between the control and the group administered AT-III concentrate. Fibrin deposits in the renal glomeruli were reduced after administration of AT-III concentrate (control: 46.5 +/- 38.7%, AT-III: 13.4 +/- 27.9%). The decreasing rate of AT-III antigen was the same in E infusion and non-infusion groups. However, the rate of decrease in activity was higher in the former than in the latter (rate of decrease: 40.0% and 24.6% 8 hours after administration of the AT-III concentrate). This indicated that inactive AT-III combined with thrombin and Xa might remain in the blood in DIC.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[The immune defense system in gastric cancer tissue, regional lymph node and spleen--aspects from subsets and functions of lymphocytes].

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) were thought to play an important role in local immunity against cancer. But the natural cytotoxicity (NC) of TIL and LNL was very weak, and was not augmented by beta-IFN. This low cytotoxicity was augmented by IL-2, and especially LNL were activated to have higher lymphokine activated killer (LAK) activity than that of PBL. So it was proven that TIL and LNL had an potential of immunological defence system. In order to bring out these potential, immunomodulators (OK-432, PSK) were injected intralesionally under endoscopy one week prior to surgery. The cytotoxicity of TIL and LNL was augmented by the intralesional injection of OK-432 or PSK. There was no significant difference in LAK activity of LNL among the OK-432-, PSK-injected group, and the control. The 2-year survival rate of the OK-432-injected group was much longer than that of the control. From above results, intralesional injection of immunomodulators was thought to be a promising candidate for the immunotherapy of gastric cancer.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

The kinin-forming enzyme system in pregnancy and obstetrical DIC.

Levels of prekallikrein and HMW kininogen that had increased during pregnancy decreased with start of labor. The role of the kinin-forming system with oxytocin in the mechanism of labor was suggested from the results of decreased prekallikrein and HMW kininogen, appearance of a free kallikrein-like enzyme during labor, and from the case of arrested labor in which both prekallikrein and HMW kininogen were markedly decreased. Prekallikrein was markedly decreased in patients with acute obstetrical DIC and severe toxemia of pregnancy. The excessive activation of prekallikrein in DIC seemed to be of help for understanding such clinical signs as shock, abnormal labor, and increased permeability in obstetrical DIC.

Adult↗