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Biomedical subjects

K Goto

Publications and source records attributed to K Goto.

At least 919 records · Page 51Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Fundamental study on T-1982 (cefbuperazone) in obstetrics and gynecology].

Following results were obtained from intravenous administration of T-1982 (cefbuperazone) 1 g by measuring its concentrations in uterine arterial serum, cubital venous serum, oviduct, ovary and several sites in uterine tissue. Endometrium showed the highest concentration among various uterine tissues by any administration (bolus injection, dripping infusion for 1 or 2 hours). Transfer concentrations about 1 hour after the end of 1 hour drip infusion proved to be almost the same as 2 hours drip infusion. In the field of obstetrics and gynecology, it was considered that T-1982 has good efficacy in infections especially caused by E. coli, Klebsiella and Proteus.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[General pharmacology of traxanox sodium. I. Effects on the central, somatic, and autonomic nervous systems, digestive system, urologic organs, and reproductive system].

Traxanox at the upper dose of 300 mg/kg, p.o., showed no effect on the somatic and autonomic nervous systems in the various tests. This agent caused some relaxation of the guinea pig tracheal strip in the resting tone at a concentration of 10(-6)M or more; however, its activity was less potent than that of isoproterenol and paraverine. Traxanox had no competitive antagonistic action against chemical mediators. Treatment of rats with this agent (3 mg/kg, i.v., or 10 mg/kg, s.c.) resulted in an inhibition of gastric (acid) secretion. Intravenous injections of traxanox (1-10 mg/kg) in dogs caused an immediate but transient inhibition of gastric and jejunal movement, and after a short time, slight potentiation of the latter; however, pretreatment with atropine prevented this latter potentiation. In the in vitro test, 10(-4)M traxanox caused contraction of the guinea pig ileum, a response which was inhibited by atropine. Traxanox (300 mg/kg, p.o.), however, did not show any effects on gastrointestinal propulsion in mice, nor did it have any effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa, gastric ulcers or bile secretion in rats. Traxanox (300 mg/kg, p.o.) showed a diuretic action in both normal and adrenoectomized rats. This action, however, was not observed in the rats treated with indomethacin (1 mg/kg, i.p.). This agent (10 mg/kg, i.v.) suppressed the spontaneous uterine contractions of pregnant rats in some cases. These findings suggest that traxanox at doses (1-5 mg/kg, p. o.) showing antiallergic activity has little effect on the central, somatic and autonomic nervous systems, digestive system, urinary organs and reproductive organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Vertical and oblique saccadic eye movements.

The peak velocities of saccadic eye movements (saccades) in vertical and horizontal directions were determined in 43 normal subjects using a television system which permits accurate tracing of the corneal image of a small light source. The average peak velocity of a 20 degree horizontal saccade was 420 degrees sec-1 which is in the range of previous reports. The peak velocities of 20 degree saccades were compared between right and left eyes, men and women, and among three age groups and four directions. The rightward saccade was faster than the leftward saccade. Age and sex differences were also found; the peak velocities were less in aged than in adult and they were lower in women than in men. Downward saccade was slower than abduction, adduction and upward saccades. In four normal subjects, oblique saccades were recorded with the same system. The saccades were divided into horizontal and vertical components. The relationship between the peak velocity of the horizontal components and the direction of saccades was studied. The horizontal components had the maximum velocity when the saccade was in the horizontal direction, and the velocity decreased as the obliquity of the direction increased. However, such a peak of the velocity-direction relationship was not pronounced in the vertical components of the saccades, although the velocity of the vertical component showed the maximum in the vertical direction of the saccades. Transient adduction movement was found to be associated with vertical and oblique saccades. This adduction caused the trajectories of the saccades to deviate from linearity. The size of the adduction averaged 1.8 degrees for the 20 degree vertical saccade. Thus the vertical saccade system appears to have an involuntary association with the horizontal eye movement system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Sialoglycopeptides obtained from a transplantable rat colorectal adenocarcinoma: a comparison with those from normal colonic mucosa.

A transplantable colorectal adenocarcinoma and the normal colonic mucosa derived from rats of ACI/N strain were digested successively with pronase, deoxyribonuclease, chondroitinase ABC, and heparitinase to obtain the corresponding glycopeptide fractions. The amino acid compositions of these two fractions suggested that the polypeptide backbones were quite similar. However, the electrostatic net charges of these fractions were shown to be different by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography, and measurement of sialic acid contents. The glycopeptide fraction derived from adenocarcinoma contained much greater quantities of less acidic glycopeptides than that derived from the normal colonic mucosa. The former exhibited much stronger blood group A and H activities than the latter. Moreover, the former reacted with Ricinus communis lectin I, whereas the latter did not react with this lectin. These results indicate that the carbohydrate structures of tumor sialoglycoproteins are different from those of the corresponding ones in the normal tissue from which the tumor has originated.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

Papillary carcinoma of choroid plexus. Light and electron microscopic study.

Two cases of papillary carcinoma, one in a 23-month-old girl and the other in a 25-month-old boy who both died within a relatively short time after operation, were studied histologically and electron microscopically. Both tumors originated in the right trigone of the lateral ventricle and spread widely via the cerebrospinal fluid. Histologically, the tumors consisted mostly of a differentiated papillary architecture closely resembling choroid plexus papilloma. Some carcinoma cells, showing cellular atypism, displayed a multilayer arrangement. The amount and distribution of PAS-, Alcian blue-, or orcein-positive substances on the cell surface and/or in the interstitial elements of the carcinomas differed from that of choroid papillomas examined in our laboratory. Electron microscopically, the carcinoma cells in some areas showed a loss of apical-basal polarity, and the formation of both microvilli and desmosome-like structures was indistinct. Papillary carcinoma is reviewed on the basis of the literature from 1906 till 1980.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Is the oxygen atom of carbon monoxide coordinated to the copper of hemocyanin?

The carbon monoxide binding site of hemocyanins was studied by comparing the isotope shift of the CO-stretching frequencies in CO-hemocyanins with that of carbon monoxide diethylenetriaminecopper(I)tetraphenylboron in which the carbon atom of CO is coordinated to the copper. Coordination by the carbon atom of CO-hemocyanin is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of nitrous oxide alone or its combination with fentanyl on spinal reflexes in cats.

The effects of nitrous oxide alone and combination of nitrous oxide and fentanyl on spinal reflexes were studied in cats with transected spinal cord at the thoracic level. Nitrous oxide 33, 50 and 75% in oxygen depressed the amplitude of monosynaptic reflexes in a dose-dependent manner, but exerted little effect on polysynaptic reflexes. The addition of fentanyl 2.5 microgram kg-1 during the administration of 75% nitrous oxide in oxygen depressed monosynaptic reflexes further. These results suggest that nitrous oxide or its combination with fentanyl has a depressant action on the transmission of monosynaptic reflexes in the spinal cord, but nitrous oxide might exert less effect on the spinal interneurones which mediate polysynaptic reflexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Inhibitory effect of traxanox sodium on IgE-mediated histamine release from passively-sensitized mast cells of the rat in vitro.

Traxanox sodium, a benzopyranopyridine derivative showing a potent oral antiallergic activity in the rat, was compared with disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) for ability to block the release of histamine from the rat mast cell in vitro. Traxanox sodium showed dose-, antigen- and time-dependent inhibiton of the IgE-mediated release of histamine. The 50% inhibitory concentration was 0.04 microM for traxanox sodium, 1 microM for DSCG and 660 microM for theophylline. All these drugs blocked the release of histamine potentiated by preincubation of the mast cell with 10 micro M adenosine at lower concentrations than those which could inhibit the IgE-mediated histamine release. In addition, traxanox sodium at concentration of 1-100 microM inhibited the histamine release caused by 0.25 microgram/ml compound 48/80 in the presence and absence of calcium, and the drug at 100 micro M slightly inhibited the release caused by 0.2 microgram/ml ionophore A23187. These results suggest that traxanox sodium is a more potent inhibitor than DSCG on the histamine release from the mast cells of the rat, and a part of its antiallergic action is due to a selective inhibition of the immunological release of allergic mediators from the mast cell.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of changes in innervation and development of supersensitivity in the rat vas deferens after various procedures.

The relationship between morphological and functional changes in adrenergic nerves and the development of supersensitivity in the rat vas deferens was comparatively investigated after surgical denervation, chemical sympathectomy by 6-hydroxydopamine, daily treatment of animals with reserpine, or local application of colchicine to the hypogastric plexus. The order of ability to produce supersensitivity, as judged by the extent of the increase in the pD2 value of norepinephrine and the maximum response to norepinephrine, was as follows: denervation = colchicine greater than 6-hydroxydopamine greater than reserpine. These procedures produced alterations in morphological characteristics of the nerve ending with severeness of degeneration in the following order: denervation greater than 6-hydroxydopamine greater than colchicine greater than reserpine. Twitch contractions induced by transmural nerve stimulation were slightly reduced after colchicine or 6-hydroxydopamine treatment, markedly reduced by reserpine, and abolished by denervation. Therefore, the development of supersensitivity in the rat vas deferens is not necessarily in proportion to the morphological or functioning changes in adrenergic nerves. The results suggest that some neurofactor, e.g. trophic factor, is involved in the control of the drug sensitivity of smooth muscle in addition to the neurotransmitter itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Analysis of efferent discharges of the phrenic nerve during the cough reflex.

The response of the phrenic nerve activities during the cough reflex was investigated in anesthetized dogs. The phrenic nerve activities were recorded from the central cut end of the nerve. Changes in phrenic nerve activities were evaluated by means of computer analysis using the programs for power spectrum, amplitude histogram, pulse density variation, and autocorrelation. The cough reflex was induced by mechanical stimulation of the tracheal mucosa. The cough reflex evoked was accompanied by an increase in the number of spike potentials and shortening of the respiratory burst period of the phrenic nerve activities. There was a significant correlation between the intensity of expiration and the multiplication product of the mean amplitude of spike potentials and spike numbers of the phrenic nerve activities during the cough reflex. Total activity of the discharge, amplitude of spike potentials, and pulse density of the phrenic nerve activities also increased during the cough reflex, while the autocorrelation coefficient decreased. These changes were inhibited by codeine. The responses of the phrenic nerve activity during the cough reflex were also observed under artificial respiration as well as under spontaneous respiration. These findings indicate that the phrenic nerve activity can be an indicator of the cough reflex, and it is useful for the indicator to investigate the central mechanisms of the cough reflex.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of corticosterone on protein, RNA, DNA and tubulin contents in developing male and female rat brains.

The effects of corticosterone treatment on chemical components and tubulin content were studied in the cerebrum, cerebellum and hypothalamus from male and female rats during early life. A dual effect of corticosterone treatment was observed in the cerebellum during the course of growth. In the cerebellum from 10-day-old rats, total soluble protein. DNA, and tubulin content (mg per g wet tissue) increased in the hormone-treated male organ, but RNA, DNA, and tubulin content (mg per g wet tissue) increased in the hormone-treated female. On the other hand, the cerebellum from 20-day-old rats, RNA and tubulin content (mg per g wet tissue) and relative tubulin content (mg per g total protein) decreased in the hormone-treated male organ, but the female cerebellum exhibited a decrease in total protein and tubulin content (mg per g wet tissue), and relative tubulin content after corticosterone administration. Only a few effects of the corticosterone treatment were observed in the cerebrum and hypothalamus from both sexes. It is likely that corticosterone has marked effects on the cerebellum among the three brain-regions in early life, and the dual effect of the hormone in the cerebellum appears to be due to the different responsiveness in the developmental stages of nerve cells, at which the treatment was started.

Animals↗