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Biomedical subjects

K Gmelin

Publications and source records attributed to K Gmelin.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Presumable non-A, non-B hepatitis in hemodialysis.

Hepatitis A and B markers, IgM-anti-CMV and -EBV were determined in 154 dialysis patients, 118 relatives of patients and 42 members of the staff. Episodes of elevated transaminases were investigated for presumable non-A, non-B hepatitis as well as secondary infections among relatives. --The cumulative frequency of HBV markers was 71% in center dialysis patients, 63% in home dialysis patients, 50% in staff and 19% in relatives. The frequency of HBV markers increased with duration of dialysis treatment and with the number of blood units transfused. Spouses of dialysis patients had more often HBV markers than other relatives (22% vs. 8.8%). 96.8% of the center dialysis patients, 83.3% of home-dialysis patients, 41% of the staff, and 42% of the relatives were anti-HAV-positive. The incidence of IgM-anti-CMV was highest in home-dialysis patients (15.5%). The frequency of IgM-anti-EBV was 4.3% in center-dialysis patients and 12.7% in home-dialysis patients. --9% of all dialysis patients had an episode of elevated transaminases compatible with non-A, non-B hepatitis. The possible secondary attack rate among relatives was 31%.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Procollagen-type III-peptide serum concentrations in chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver and their diagnostic value.

Until now the determination of fibrotic processes in liver disease was restricted to histological examination of liver tissue. Recently a RIA was developed to determine the procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in biological fluids. We used this RIA to measure the serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in patients with chronic liver disease. Additionally in 24 patients with chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis the collagen content in liver biopsies was determined histomorphometrically. The serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in healthy controls (n = 40) were 6.4 +/- 0.6 ng/ml, in chronic persistent hepatitis (n = 47) 8.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, in chronic active hepatitis (n = 53) 20.8 +/- 2.9 ng/ml, and in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver (n = 22) 47.7 +/- 6.1 ng/ml. Thus the patients with chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver showed significantly elevated serum procollagen-type III-peptide levels. In chronic hepatitis a highly significant correlation (p less than 0.001) could be demonstrated between collagen content in liver tissue and serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations. The determination of serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations may prove a new useful parameter in biochemical evaluation of liver disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Viral hepatitis A and B in hemodialysed patients.

In 113 hemodialysed patients, 167 hospitalized patients, and 143 outpatients the frequency of HAV and HBV markers were studied by testing HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg, anti-HBe, and anti-HAV. The hemodialysis patients in a dialysis-center had significantly more often HBV markers (85.7%) than those maintained on home-dialysis (46.5%). 29.9% of the hospitalized patients and 32.1% of the outpatients had HBV markers. By the anti-HBc test up to 41% of additional HBV infections could be detected.--The prevalence of anti-HAV was very high in all groups. Significant differences between the hemodialysis patients and the control groups existed only in the age groups up to 39 years.--The frequencies of HAV and HBV markers were related to age, duration of dialysis treatment, transfusional frequency, and transaminases. The HBV appeared as the clinically important hepatitis agent in dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intranuclear virus-like particles in a case of sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

A case of acute hepatitis type non-A, non-B in a 20-year-old woman is reported. Virus-like particles with a size of about 27 nm in diameter could be identified by electron microscopy in numerous hepatocellular nuclei. They are thought to represent one candidate for the intranuclear form of a non-A, non-B hepatitis virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The e antigen].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of pre-S1 proteins in serum and liver of HBsAg-positive patients: a new marker for hepatitis B virus infection.

The presence of pre-S1 proteins in serum and liver of individuals with acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection was investigated in Western blots using antibodies against a fusion protein, containing amino acids 20-120 of the pre-S region. Pre-S1 proteins were present in 20 of 38 HBsAg-positive sera. All sera positive for pre-S1 proteins were also positive for hepatitis B virus DNA indicating the presence of hepatitis B virions, and 16 of these sera were also positive for HBeAg. In five sera positive for hepatitis B virus DNA, pre-S1 proteins were not found. In an additional study, pre-S1 proteins could be detected in 4 of 6 patients with acute hepatitis B virus infection during the first 2 weeks after admission to the hospital. The presence of pre-S1 proteins showed a good correlation with the detection of hepatitis B virus DNA. After seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe, both hepatitis B virus DNA and pre-S1 proteins were no longer detectable. Pre-S1 proteins were present in three liver tissue specimens from two patients with acute hepatitis B virus infection and from one patient with cirrhosis of the liver. The proteins were not found in the liver of two HBsAg-positive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (primary liver carcinoma), negative for HBeAg. Pre-S1 proteins can be detected in serum, positive for hepatitis B virus DNA and in liver tissue of hepatitis B virus-infected individuals. The presence of these proteins appears to correspond with the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA, both markers indicating hepatitis B virus replication.

DNA, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychosomatic differentiation between colitis ulcerosa and ileitis terminalis (Crohn disease)].

The discussion on the differentiation of colitis ulcerosa and ileitis terminalis (M. Crohn) respectively has not as yet been settled in regard to their psychosomatic aspects. This study attempts to examine differences in the psychic manifestation occasionally discussed in the literature and in the clinical environment with the aid of psychological tests and data won by means of semi-standardized interviews. The results support the hypothesis that there are differences in the psychic structures of the patients from the two samples. Patients suffering from colitis ulcerosa show a closer resemblance to one another than the M. Crohn patients. The general impression is that they area "more normal" and better adjusted. Among the M. Crohn patients a difference must be made between an older, depressive part of the sample, and a younger, more active group with pronounced dependency conflicts. The connections with psychodynamic interpretations are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and serological manifestation of hepatitis C virus infection in patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B: a follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: Sera of patients with acute hepatitis non-A, non-B prospectively followed for a mean of 11.4 years (range 9 to 15 years) were assayed for anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) by first- and second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) to study the patterns of antibody response in relation to the outcome of disease. METHODS: From 1974 through 1981, 112 patients with acute hepatitis non-A, non-B were enrolled in a prospective study. Sera of 45 patients taken during the acute phase of hepatitis, as well as taken during follow-up in 1983 and 1990 were still available for evaluation. Sera were assayed by first- (ELISA-1) and second-generation (ELISA-2) anti-HCV ELISA, second-generation RIBA (RIBA-2) and HCV RNA by RT-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Based on anti-HCV seropositivity by RIBA-2 in acute hepatitis and/or during follow-up, a total of 22/45 patients with HNANB (48.8%) were considered to have confirmed HCV infection. By ELISA-1, 11/22-patients with HCV infection (50%) were positive for anti-HCV within 6 weeks of the onset of illness, 18/22 sera (82%) were reactive by ELISA-2. Confirmation by RIBA-2 was obtained in 12 (55%) cases, while one additional patient was RIBA-2 indeterminate. In 1983, a disappearance of anti-HCV tested by RIBA-2 was observed in 7/12 resolved patients but in none of the patients with chronic hepatitis (p = 0.0018) while loss of anti-HCV was observed in 2/12 cases with resolved hepatitis and none with chronic hepatitis by ELISA (not significant). In 1990, all patients with chronic hepatitis were still positive by either ELISA or RIBA-2 but 9/12 (75%), 6/12 (50%) and 10/11 (91%) patients with resolved hepatitis had lost anti-HCV seropositivity tested by ELISA-1 (p = 0.0004), ELISA-2 (p = 0.0124) or RIBA-2 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Mostly, RIBA-2 reactivity was lost prior to ELISA-2 reactivity during follow-up. Rates of antibody loss as detected by ELISA-1, ELISA-2 and RIBA-2 were 4.1, 2.9 and 5.8 per 100 person years, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the continuing presence of HCV is necessary to maintain anti-HCV seropositivity. In contrast, anti-HCV reactivity is progressively lost over time in resolved patients. In addition, albeit more specific, the RIBA-2 is less sensitive than the ELISA and RIBA seroconversion to negative seems to be the earliest serological marker of a resolved HCV infection.

Adult↗