Biomedical subjects

K Gauba

Publications and source records attributed to K Gauba.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

Incidence of phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth in epileptic children: a six month evaluation.

Thirty children aged 8-13 years with epileptic disorders and receiving mono-drug therapy with Phenytoin, were selected from the Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology of PGIMER, Chandigarh to evaluate the development of gingival overgrowth induced by phenytoin over a period of six months. These children were evaluated at baseline at three monthly intervals for a period of six months for plaque (Silness and Loe, 1964), gingivitis (Loe and Silness, 1963) and probing depth of the gingival sulcus. Gingival overgrowth was noted as and when it developed using modified version of Harris and Ewalt Index, 1942. No attempt was made to modify the childrens' prevailing oral habits. The results indicated that gingival overgrowth in 57% of the children was in the mesio-distal dimension of the gingival papillae and occurred within six months of initiation of therapy with Phenytoin.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

A mixture of Ca(OH)2 paste and ZnO powder as a root canal filling material for primary teeth: a preliminary study.

The present pilot study was conducted on five primary mandibular second molars requiring endodontic treatment to evaluate the clinical and radiographic success of root canal filling material which was a mixture of calcium hydroxide paste (1 cm), Zinc oxide powder (15 gms) and distilled water using hand operated lentulo spirals. All the five cases on clinical evaluation after 2,4,6,9, and 12 months were found to be asymptomatic with no history of pain, tenderness or abnormal mobility. Immediate post-operative radiographic evaluation revealed adequate root canal filling in all cases. The obturated material remained upto the apex of root canals till the beginning of physiologic root resorption. The roots of the primary teeth as well as the filling material mentioned above were seen to resorb at the same rate in one case.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗

PubMed2001

Silver amalgam versus resin modified GIC class-II restorations in primary molars: twelve month clinical evaluation.

The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of resin modified GIC with amalgam as a restorative material, in Class-II cavities of primary molars. Restorations were evaluated at four, eight, and twelve months for their marginal integrity, anatomic form and development of recurrent caries. When each parameter was considered separately, there was no difference in the success rate between the two groups, except development of recurrent caries significantly less (p<0.05) in RMGIC group(4.7%) compared to amalgam group (12.5%) at twelve month follow up. However, the cumulative success rate at 12 month was found to be significantly higher (p<0.05) in RMGIC (Fuji II LC) group(83.1%) compared to amalgam(72%).

Child↗

PubMed2000

Management of wide open apices in non-vital permanent teeth with Ca(OH)2 paste.

A retrospective study on 15 non-vital immature incisor teeth was done using Ca(OH)2 Pulpdent paste. A success rate of 100 percent was achieved within one year. The variables influencing the time taken for apexification were also evaluated. The teeth were followed up to a period of 24 months. It was found that older children having narrow open apex had a shorter treatment time than the younger children (NS); teeth without periapical infection showed some amount of root growth and closing of apex that was faster than those with periapical infection (p < 0.001). The calcified bridge formed following apexification is a porous structure. This investigation provides information about the time taken and procedure required to achieve apical barrier formation in non-vital immature incisors.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Trend of dental caries in children of Chandigarh over the last sixteen years.

The trend of dental caries in Chandigarh school children over a sixteen year period, studied by almost the same authors and using the same recording criteria of WHO reveals a continuous decline in 12 and 15 year children but a slight increase in the dental caries status of 5-6 year children. In 1977, the mean DMFT of 12 and 15 year children was 3.88 and 4.74 respectively. In 1985, it decreased to 1.38 in 15 year olds (12 year children not recorded) and in 1993 it marginally decreased to 1.12 +/- 1.35, much lower than the figure of 3.88 in 1977. In 5-6 year children, mean dmft/dmfs of 2.69 +/- 1.45 and 6.06 +/- 9.77 was found to be slightly higher as compared to the earlier caries prevalence figures (deft + DMFT-2.6 in 1977 and 2.26 in 1985).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Remineralizing efficacy of a mineral enriched mouth rinse and fluoridated dentifrice on artificial carious lesions: an in vivo scanning electron microscopic study.

This comparative investigation was carried out to evaluate the remineralization potential on early artificial carious lesions under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of a Mineral enriched mouthrinse and a fluoridated dentifrice using an in-vivo intra-oral removable appliance model. This findings revealed that the remineralization was found to have occurred in almost all the samples (in children) using non-fluoridated, fluoridated dentifrices as well as those using mineral enriched mouthrinse. However the qualitative analysis of the remineralization revealed that in case of non-fluoridated dentifrice group, the prismatic holes showed deposition of granular, variable sized particles with uneven distribution, while in fluoridated dentifrice group, deposits were found to have partially but more densely filled up the prism cores. In case of mineral enriched mouthrinse group these deposits were found to be in the form of amorphous globular precipitate.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Bioavailability of fluoride in humans from commonly consumed diets in India.

There is a paucity of data on the amount of fluoride absorbed in humans from whole cooked food; especially a combination of different foods taken at regular meal times. The present study was thus aimed at estimating the amount of fluoride present and absorbed in humans from four regional representative meals viz. North Indian Vegetarian, North Indian Non-vegetarian, South Indian and East Indian. Twenty five healthy human volunteers aged 22-35 years participated in the study and each diet was tested on five volunteers. Each test diet was weighed into six equal parts, one part was kept for estimation of fluoride content and remaining five were given one each to the five test subjects in each of the four test diet groups. Eight hour plasma fluoride profiles were then studied after ingestion of weighed quantity of test diets and means calculated. The bioavailability of fluoride from these diets was evaluated in relation to that of sodium fluoride in solution form. The amount of fluoride estimated in different test diets varied between 1.53 - 10.0 mg. The bioavailability was found to be 1.6 per cent for north Indian vegetarian diet, 7.5 per cent for east Indian diet, 14.4 per cent for north Indian nonvegetarian diet and 31.7 per cent for south Indian diet, however, the amount of F(mg) absorbed in plasma from these diets was found to be low i.e. 0.06 mg, 0.75 mg, 0.72 mg and 0.48 mg respectively.

Absorption↗

PubMed1994

Evaluation of the change in the knowledge of community regarding infant dental care subsequent to intervention strategies through existing health manpower in rural areas of Haryana (India).

The knowledge about infant dental care (as a part of primary preventive programme) was delivered by the existing health team of CHC viz. medical doctors, multipurpose workers, health workers, Anganwadi workers (ICDS scheme), after due training from the dental experts, in the rural community of Raipur Rani (Haryana). The knowledge of community regarding infant dental care subsequent to intervention strategies when evaluated and compared to baseline values three years after intervention revealed that 72 percent of the community had the correct knowledge of prolonged breast/bottle feeding causing nursing bottle caries. 94 per cent had correct knowledge about harmful effects of thumb/finger sucking on teeth and jaw bones and 77 percent about harmful effects of mouth breathing. 98 percent of expecting mothers knew when to clean the gum pads and 62 percent how to clean the gum pads in an infant. 100 percent of the expecting mothers had the correct knowledge that pacifiers should not be used in small children.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Placental transfer of fluoride in pregnant women consuming optimum fluoride in drinking water.

The study was conducted on 25 healthy women residing in optimum fluoride areas, who were to deliver normally through vaginal route, to correlate the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels and evaluate the placental transfer of fluoride. A wide variation was found in the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels. In only 8 percent of the cases the fluoride levels in cord plasma were higher than maternal plasma. It was deduced that the placenta allows passive diffusion of fluoride from mother to foetus and does not act as a barrier.

Female↗

PubMed1993

Role of trace elements Se and Li in drinking water on dental caries experience.

An epidemiological survey of dental caries using modified Moller's index (1966) carried out in 483 children (aged 7-17 years) of rural areas--Talwandi Kalan, Dhanansu and Bhatian (District Ludhiana) of Punjab with almost similar F levels in their drinking water supply, similar socio-economic status, environmental factors/demographic parameters and dietary habits revealed wide variations in the prevalence and severity of dental caries. Further investigation extended to evaluate the concentrations of various trace elements Se, Li, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in drinking water to find out the disparity of dental caries status, revealed that the higher figures of prevalence and severity of dental caries observed in Dhanansu and Bhatian as compared to Talwandi Kalan could be attributed to the presence of Se in drinking water supply of these areas which was not detectable in the water supply of Talwandi Kalan. On the contrary, the concentration of Li in water supply of Talwandi Kalan with low caries was found to be higher compared to that of Dhanansu and Bhatian with higher dental caries in children population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Evaluation of KAP of oral hygiene measures following oral health education through existing health and educational infrastructure.

This study is a part of a larger preventive oral health feasibility module embarked on a population of 120,000 of Raipurrani, district Ambala (Haryana). The KAP analysis of about 2000 individuals (including school children) on cross-sectional basis at baseline, one and two years after the implementation of knowledge about oral health measures to the community utilizing the existing health infrastructure at CHC, the Anganwadi workers (ICDS Scheme) and through school teachers in the schools revealed that at baseline datun was the most prevalent (63%) oral hygiene measure used in the community and students. After implementation, the practice of brushing thrice, twice and once daily increased but the most prevalent frequency remained once a day (39% out of 66 percent using brush in community and 37% out of 76 percent in students after 2 and 11/2 years of implementation respectively) followed by twice a day (23 & 31% respectively). A similar pattern of frequency was observed about datun users also, though the number using datun substantially declined from 62% to 33% in community and 63 to 23% in students after implementation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Evaluation of existing status of knowledge, practice and attitude towards oral health of rural communities of Haryana--India.

The KAP survey on oral health practices of 3247 individuals, 6-60 years of age, of Sidhaura block of Haryana revealed that use of dattan was more prevalent (56% in adult community & 49% students) than tooth brush (35% adult community & 34% students). 37% of the total community had the knowledge of brush being the best oral hygiene measure. 25% of the community using brush were brushing only once/day. The knowledge of the community regarding the role of fluorides in prevention of dental caries was completely lacking: 1.8% of the community was using fluoride dentifrice. 35-45 percent of the community were practising sweet foods/drinks etc. four times a day. The snyder test showed a positive relation with frequency of sugar intake.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Plaque pH modulations of children's favourite snacks.

Cariogenic potential of a few children's favourite snacks, assessed by evaluation of pH modulations on their respective consumption after 2,5,10,20,30 and 40 minutes compared to 10 percent sucrose control using pooled plaque method, in 8-12 years old children revealed lollipop (hard sucking candy) to be the most cariogenic and samosa without chutney to be the least cariogenic. The cariogenic potential of ice creams were similar, however, low as compared to sucrose solution of 10 percent.

Candy↗

PubMed1989