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Biomedical subjects

K G Nygren

Publications and source records attributed to K G Nygren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Multifetal pregnancy reduction in Sweden. Utilization rate and pregnancy outcome (1986-1992)

All departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, as well as all private clinics in Sweden offering assisted conception, were surveyed by means of a questionnaire to determine the utilization rate and outcome of multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFR) for the period 1 January 1986 to 30 June 1992. The response rae was 100%. Multifetal reduction was performed in 26 women, giving an average utilization rate of 1/7 multiple births of three or more for the entire period. Of the various techniques used, intracardiac or intrathoracic injection of a potassium chloride solution was predominant. The experience of each center with multifetal reductions varied between one and six procedures. In this series, the overall complete pregnancy loss was 27% (n = 7). In 73% (n = 19) of women the pregnancy continued to delivery. One fetus died in utero in the second trimester, one child died from a subtentorial hemorrhage perinatally, and one child had a malformation of the right foot and hand. It seems necessary to limit MFR to a few centers in Sweden in order to maintain and increase the experience of the operators involved, and to decrease the fetal loss rate associated with the procedure. However, the ultimate goal is to make these procedures unnecessary when methods of avoiding excessive ovulation are refined and by limiting the number of replaced embryos in IVF-treatment.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1991

Nordic in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF/ET) treatment outcomes 1982-1989.

In the four Nordic countries, Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, data were compiled from altogether 30 in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics regarding their treatment outcomes. Two small, recently established IVF clinics in Finland did not respond to the postal inquiry used for data collection. For each clinic, data were collected from the time they commenced activities until June 1989. Preliminary data for the latter half of 1989 was also gathered. The first IVF-baby in this data set was born in Gothenburg in 1982. Seven years later, in December 1989, altogether 35 clinics in the four countries were in operation and 1,290 children had been born. The largest number of clinics, 12, was to be found in Sweden but the number of treatment cycles in relation to the population was highest in Norway with about 340 treatments per million inhabitants annually during 1988-89, with Sweden in second place: 190 treatments per million inhabitants. The ratio of private to public clinics was highest in Finland, where four out of ten clinics were privately run. A mean clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer of 20% was recorded and 85% were singleton pregnancies. Spontaneous abortions occurred in 25% and the ectopic pregnancy rate was 7% of all clinical pregnancies. The 'take home baby rate' for 1988-89 was 13% per embryo transfer. There were no major differences between the four countries.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1986

Long-term follow-up of children breast-fed by mothers using oral contraceptives.

In a long-term follow-up study 48 breast-fed children, whose mothers had used oral contraceptives containing 50 micrograms of ethinylestradiol while lactating, were compared to a matched control group whose mothers had not used any hormonal contraceptives during lactation. In spite of a very large number of data collected from several different sources of information, no effect could be demonstrated of the ingested steroid, neither upon the panorama of diseases nor upon intellectual or psychological behaviour of the infants and children up to 8 years of age. The mothers who used oral contraceptives lactated a significantly shorter period of time than the controls, but no differences were found in weight gain and height increase in the children between cases and controls.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1984

[Nova-T and Copper-T in a 5 years' comparison].

A multi-centre randomized comparative study for five years was conducted on the efficacy of the Nova-T and the copper-T-200 intra-uterine contraceptive devices. A total of 1865 insertions during the last days of menstruation or a few days following menstruation or immediately following a therapeutic abortion (in 322 women) was performed. The cumulative total Pearl-Index during the five years of the study was 0.8 for the Nova-T and 2.0 for the copper-T-200. The pregnancy rate for the Nova-T was lower than for the copper-T-200 in each country, each age group and each parity group. The copper-T was expelled most frequently in the youngest age group and most rarely in the oldest age group. Evaluated by the expulsion rate, the retention of the Nova-T was not influenced by age and much less influenced by parity than the retention of the copper-T. Because of the small diameter of the insertion tube, there were no problems with the insertion of the Nova-T. The removal of the Nova-T was easy and uncomplicated. In our study, the fertility returned unencumbered irrespective of a wearing time of the device for more or less than two years. The results show, that the Nova-T is an excellent device for intra-uterine contraception.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Three years of experience after post-abortal insertion of Nova-T and Copper-T-200.

The results of 3 years of follow-up of a randomized comparative study of 331 women who had an IUD inserted immediately after a first-trimester legal abortion are presented. In one group of women, 172 Nova-T were inserted and in another, 159 Copper-T 200. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, though the pregnancy rate for Nova-T was considerable lower than for Copper-T 200. The overall performance of the IUD equals that in a larger material of more than 1 800 insertions, both post menstrual and post abortal , of which this study is a part.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1984

Outcome of first delivery after 2nd trimester two-stage induced abortion. A controlled historical cohort study.

In a historical cohort study the outcome of the first birth after a legal 2nd trimester two-stage abortion induced with saline or prostaglandin F2 alpha was evaluated for 142 nulliparous and 65 parous women. The birth-outcome was compared with that for 180 parity-matched control women and for all women in Sweden 1975. No statistically significant differences were disclosed with regard to means of infants' birthweight and length of gestation, or to occurrence of low birthweight (LBW) infants and preterm deliveries. The nulliparous women with a previously induced abortion tended, however, to have more LBW-infants than did the other nulliparae . More LBW-infants were born to the 29 nulliparae with a previous abortion induced with prostaglandin than to the 113 nulliparae having abortions induced with saline (p = 0.11); otherwise no noteworthy differences were found in the birth-outcome for the 39 women with a previous abortion induced by prostaglandin, compared with the 168 having abortions induced by saline.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1984

Factors affecting the clinical performance of Nova T and Copper T 200.

In a randomized comparative use-effectiveness study of the copper-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs), Nova T and Copper T 200, an analysis was made of the differences in women between the participating countries and of the influence of various factors on pregnancy rate and rates of terminations. In a cohort of 1865 women the five-year gross cumulative pregnancy rates were 3.4 per 100 women for Nova T and 8.7 per 100 women for Copper T 200. The rate of unwanted pregnancy was significantly related to the type of IUD, the country, and the age of the women. Prognostic factors for expulsion or removal of the device were age, country, parity, previous use of IUD, previous vaginal delivery, and previous abortion. The differences among the results for the participating countries may reflect the effects of different policies in clinics.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1983

Five years' experience of intrauterine contraception with the Nova-T and the Copper-T-200.

A randomized study was performed for the comparison of two copper-releasing intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs), the Nova-T and the Copper-T-200, simultaneously in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. Five years' experience demonstrated that Nova-T users had a significantly lower pregnancy rate than Copper-T-200 users. The Pearl index over 5 years was 0.8 for Nova-T users and 2.0 for Copper-T users. The performance and tolerance of the Nova-T were less affected by parity and age than was the performance of the Copper-T. Infections were treated by removal of the device and with antibiotics. The cumulative rate of removals because of infections and suspected infections was below 5 with both devices over 5 years. The copper wire in the Nova-T has a silver core which prevents corrosion-induced fragmentation of the wire. Hence, the effective lifetime of this device is more than 5 years. The results indicate that the Nova-T, which is easy to insert and remove and is associated with a low pregnancy rate and a low medical termination rate, is a real improvement over other IUDs.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Prostaglandins and menorrhagia.

This paper reviews the various theories offered to explain excessive menstrual blood losses whether these are of primary origin or induced by IUD. An increased concentration of prostaglandins in endometrial tissue at the onset of menstruation may contribute to heavy menstrual bleeding. The mechanism of action is not clear, but prostaglandins may affect the stability of lysosomes which in turn lead to increased release of various proteinases. These in turn may disturb the hemostatic mechanism of the endometrium. Prostaglandins may also affect platelet aggregation and/or various coagulation factors and cause vasodilation - all mechanisms may theoretically alter the hemostasis of the endometrium. Treatment of menorrhagia with a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, naproxen, resulted in a significant reduction in menstrual blood loss in women with primary menorrhagia as well as with IUD-induced excessive menstrual blood loss. The reduction amounted to about 30%, which is lower than the reduction obtained by treatment with antifibrinolytic agents or oral contraceptives.

Antifibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Vaginal cleansing at vacuum aspiration abortion does not reduce the risk of postoperative infection.

Does a thorough vaginal cleansing with bactericidal solutions prior to induced first-trimester vacuum aspiration abortion reduce the frequency of postabortal pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)? To answer this question we compared the frequency of PID in 372 women where a thorough preoperative vaginal cleansing with a bactericidal solution was undertaken at abortion with that in 350 women where the upper part of the vagina was swabbed with a pad moistened with a 0.9% saline solution. A postoperative PID was recorded in 25 (6.7%) of the former women and in 23 (6.6%) of the latter women.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1982

Return of fertility after the removal of Nova T or copper T 200.

The return of fertility after removal of Nova T or Copper T 200 IUDs was studied in 150 women who had a removal for planning pregnancy in a study performed for the comparison of the clinical performance of these IUDs in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. There was no significant difference in the return of fertility of women having used either device. The cumulative probability of pregnancy per 100 women after the removal of the IUD, as a net rate, was 77.3 at one year, 88.9 at two years and 92.4 at three years. The return of fertility was analyzed separately for those women who had used their IUD for less than two years and for two or more years. The duration of the use had no significant effect on the return of fertility. The outcome of pregnancy, the birth weight, the condition at delivery and the sex ratio of the newborns were normal in the participating countries.

Adolescent↗