Biomedical subjects

K Furuta

Publications and source records attributed to K Furuta.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

The rat urinary bladder as a new target of heterocyclic amine carcinogenicity: tumor induction by 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate.

In order to examine the carcinogenicity of 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole acetate (Trp-P-2), 30 male and 30 female F344 rats were maintained on diet containing 0, 30, or 100 ppm Trp-P-2 for 112 weeks. The overall mean chemical intakes in the 100 ppm and 30 ppm groups were 3.84 and 1.14 mg/kg/day in males, and 4.57 and 1.34 mg/kg/day in females, respectively. Females of the 100 ppm group showed increased mortality in the late period of the study. In the 100 ppm group, significant increases in the incidences of neoplastic lesions were found in the liver, urinary bladder and mammary gland in males, and in the mammary gland, hematopoietic system and clitoral gland in females. Histologically, tumors induced by Trp-P-2 were hepatocellular adenomas, transitional cell tumors (papillomas and carcinomas) of the urinary bladder, fibroadenomas/fibromas of the mammary gland, malignant lymphomas and clitoral gland tumors (adenomas and adenocarcinomas). These results indicate multi-target carcinogenicity of Trp-P-2 in F344 rats and provide evidence that the urinary bladder is also a target for heterocyclic amine action.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma.

A case of branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma is presented. Stepwise tissue sections of an entire specimen, including the carcinoma area, and mapping, with special reference to the relationship between the main duct and the carcinoma area, were performed. Carcinoma cells of the branch duct showed intraductal spread with minimal stromal invasion. No carcinoma tissue was observed in the main duct. Therefore this case was considered to be of branch duct origin. The finding of histologically identified branch duct origin of solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma indicates a distinct advantage to be gained by giving special attention to both the main and branch ducts when using image diagnosis for early detection of carcinomas, and may represent the first reported surgically resected case.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

Anti-c100 antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with interferon.

To assess the role of anti-c100 antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-c100 HCV) in the response to interferon (IFN) administered to patients for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, we assayed serum anti-c100 HCV serially by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and titrated anti-c100 HCV level by a radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit in 28 IFN-treated and 20 untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C. IFN-alpha or -beta was administered for 4 to 12 weeks, and the patients were observed for over 24 months. The IFN-treated patients were divided into 3 groups (4 sustained responders, 18 transient responders, and 6 non-responders) in accordance with their responses on the basis of the serum alanine aminotransferase levels. In three of the four sustained responders whose HCV-RNA decreased, anti-c100 HCV became negative at 13, 15, and 17 months after beginning the IFN therapy. The 18 transient responders and 6 non-responders remained positive for anti-c100 HCV throughout the observation period. In all four sustained responders the anti-c100 HCV titer decreased significantly with time after initiation of the therapy, whereas the titer fluctuated in the other groups. These findings suggest that monitoring the serum anti-c100 HCV level is useful in assessing the effects of IFN therapy on chronic hepatitis C.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Effects of MRX-III on chronic renal failure in rats].

The effects of MRX-III, a new amino acid solution for renal failure, on survival, progression of renal insufficiency, metabolism of calcium and phosphorous, and nutritional status were studied in rats with chronic renal failure induced by 7/8 renal ablation. These rats were injected intraperitoneally with MRX-III, an essential amino acid solution for renal failure (Amiyu; Sol. A) or a general amino acid solution (Moripron-F; Sol. M) for 12 weeks under the condition of a 3.5% protein diet, and these effects were compared with those in control rats infused with Sol. M under a 22% protein diet.1) Infusion of MRX-III or the other solutions under a low protein diet prolonged survival time and improved the uremic status indicated by azotemia, polyuria, albuminuria, hypocalcemia and hypertension. 2) Increase in body weight and tissue weight of rats treated with MRX-III or Sol. A was better than those in rats treated with Sol. M. MRX-III as well as Sol. A showed a tendency to provide a better nutritional effect in comparison with Sol. M.

Amino Acids, Essential↗

PubMed1993

Sustained recovery from a solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma originating in the pancreas tail: a case report.

A case of sustained recovery from a solid type pancreatic ductal carcinoma originating in the pancreas tail is presented. To discover the reasons why the patient has experienced more than five years of sustained recovery, we reviewed the history of this case. The original condition was found incidentally at endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) under an asymptomatic state originating from pancreatic disorders. As a result, two non-extensive operations were performed. Histologically, the carcinoma was limited to within the pancreas. This case report therefore indicates that even if the lesion is a carcinoma of the body and/or tail of the pancreas, early diagnosis in patients with ductal adenocarcinoma appears to lead to an improvement in the prognosis. Also, this case report suggests that ERP is one of the most effective techniques for the detection of an early carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

Carcinoids and endocrine cell micronests of the minor and major duodenal papillae. Their incidence and characteristics.

BACKGROUND: There have been no reports about the incidence and characteristics of carcinoids and endocrine cell micronests (ECM) of the minor and major duodenal papillae. METHODS AND RESULTS: The minor and major duodenal papillae of 78 consecutive autopsy and 117 surgical specimens were examined histologically using mirror-image paraffin-embedded tissue samples. ECM were found frequently in these areas in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, and their aggregation patterns were classified into four types: nodular type (Type 1, 2 of 167 in the minor papilla and 1 of 145 in the major papilla), scattered type (Type 2, 39 of 167 and 6 of 145), orifice type (Type 3, 7 of 167 and 0 of 145), and islet-like type (Type 4, 14 of 145 and 0 of 145, respectively). Criteria of neoplastic or nonneoplastic ECM were defined tentatively by histologic and immunohistochemical analyses of the ECM. Type 4 was regarded to be atrophic or regenerating islets of Langerhans. Distinct carcinoids (Type 1), neoplastic ECM (39% of all Type 2 and 3), and nonneoplastic ECM (61% of all Type 2 and 3) were found in 1.2%, 9.0%, and 16.2% of 167 samples of the minor papilla and 0.7%, 1.4%, and 2.8% of 145 specimens of the major papilla, respectively. The endocrine cells composing the carcinoids and the ECM usually were immunoreactive for somatostatin and/or pancreatic polypeptide (PP). They were negative for S-100 beta. CONCLUSION: In duodenal papillae, especially in the minor duodenal papilla, carcinoids and ECM seem to occur more frequently than generally thought, and predominantly consist of somatostatin and/or PP containing cells.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Differences between solid and duct-ectatic types of pancreatic ductal carcinomas.

Macroscopically, 45 pancreatic ductal carcinomas were classified into two types: solid type (36 tumors) and duct-ectatic type (9 tumors). To disclose the biologic differences between these two types, they were compared by incidence, primary site, histologic types and grades, and biologic behavior. Although 20 solid type carcinomas arose from the branch duct, the duct-ectatic type carcinoma originated in the branch duct in three tumors, in a cyst in one, and in the main duct in one. The major component of the solid type was tubular (glandular) adenocarcinoma with high nuclear atypia and slight mucous secretion. The major component of the duct-ectatic type was papillary adenocarcinoma with low nuclear atypia and abundant mucous secretion. Thirty-four solid type carcinomas showed pancreatic stromal invasion, and 28 showed metastasis. Nine duct-ectatic type carcinomas spread intraductally and had not metastasized. It is concluded that the biologic differences between the two macroscopic type carcinomas are induced by the histologic types and grades.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1992

New hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SUHC-1 established from a patient with hepatitis C virus RNA in serum.

A new human hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) line, designated SUHC-1, was derived from a Japanese patient with hepatocellular carcinoma having antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HCV-RNA in his serum, and established in tissue culture. This cell line exhibited typical epithelial cell morphology in culture as observed by phase-contrast and electron microscopy. The SUHC-1 cells produced albumin and alpha 2-macroglobulin. Chromosomal analysis showed several rearrangements at short and long arms of chromosome 1, 17 and 20 (1p-, 1q-, i(1q), i(17q) and 20q+) with a modal number of 91. HCV-RNA was not detected in the supernatant of SUHC-1 cells by nested polymerase chain reaction assay or in the SUHC-1 cells by the in situ hybridization method. We concluded that complete HCV does not exist in the SUHC-1 cell line. The SUHC-1 cell line is the first line of HCC to have been derived from a patient with persistent HCV infection, and may provide a suitable model for studies of hepatocarcinogenesis related to HCV.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Tumor-promoting effects of both iodine deficiency and iodine excess in the rat thyroid.

Thyroid tumor-promoting effects of iodine deficiency and iodine excess were investigated in a rodent 2-stage model to estimate an optimal iodine intake range that would not effectively promote development of thyroid neoplasia. Six-week-old male F344 rats were given a single subcutaneous injection of 2,800 mg/kg body weight N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)-nitrosamine (DHPN) or saline vehicle, maintained on Remington's iodine-deficient diet (21 +/- 2 ng/g iodide), and supplemented with various amounts of potassium iodide up to 260 mg/liter in drinking water to generate conditions ranging from severe iodine deficiency to severe iodine excess. In DHPN-treated rats, both conditions significantly increased thyroid follicular tumorigenesis. In DHPN-untreated rats, iodine deficiency produced diffuse thyroid hyperplasia, characterized by small follicles with tall epithelium and reduced colloid, together with a decrease in thyroxine (T4) and an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). On the other hand, iodine excess produced colloid goiter, characterized by large follicles with flat epithelium and abundant colloid admixed with normal or small-sized follicles lined by epithelium of normal height, together with normal serum T4 and slightly decreased TSH. These effects were directly proportional to the severity of iodine deficiency or extent of iodine excess and suggest that each condition has a different thyroid tumor promotion mechanism. Iodine intakes that showed the least tumor promotion were 2.6 and 9.7 micrograms/rat/day in this study. Promoting mechanisms and the problem of statistically estimating recommended daily iodine intake range are briefly discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Studies on anti-nephritic effects of plant components (5). Effects of pherodendrin on original and crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats].

Effects of pherodendrin (OB-5) on anti-GBM nephritis were investigated. OB-5 (50 mg/kg/day, i.p.) prevented the urinary protein excretion in original and crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats. In addition, OB-5 also inhibited the elevation of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and cholesterol contents in both models of nephritis. Histopathological observations indicated that OB-5 prevented the hypercellularity, crescent formation, adhesion and fibrinoid necrosis in the glomeruli of nephritic rats. OB-5 and cyclosporine A, a positive control drug, prevented the increase in the number of OX-1, CD8 and ED-1 positive cells in the glomeruli. These results indicated that OB-5 may be effective in human glomerulonephritis, and anti-nephritic mechanisms of OB-5 may be due to its inhibition of the activation of macrophages or cytotoxic T cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Studies on the antinephritic effect of plant components (4): Reduction of protein excretion by berberine and coptisine in rats with original-type anti-GBM nephritis.

The present study was conducted to investigate the antinephritic effects of berberine and coptisine, which are contained in Coptidis rhizoma, on original-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats. Berberine and coptisine at the doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg/day, i.p. were effective in inhibiting urinary protein excretion, elevation of serum cholesterol and creatinine contents as well as glomerular histopathological changes. In addition, berberine at 20 mg/kg/day, p.o. also inhibited urinary protein excretion throughout the experimental periods. Berberine and coptisine inhibited platelet aggregation in both in vitro and in vivo assays, and berberine inhibited the decline of renal blood flow. Although berberine inhibited an increase in thromboxane B2 formation, it increased the formation of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha in platelets and isolated glomeruli. These results indicate that the antinephritic effects of berberine and coptisine may be partly due to antiplatelet action and improved renal hemodynamics via changing prostanoid synthesis.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1992

Studies on antinephritic effects of plant components (3): Effect of pachyman, a main component of Poria cocos Wolf on original-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats and its mechanisms.

The antinephritic effect of pachyman on original-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats was investigated. Pachyman was given to original-type anti-GBM nephritic rats for 10 days from the day of anti-GBM serum injection. Pachyman prevented urinary protein excretion and the elevation of serum cholesterol content. Histopathological observations of the glomeruli indicated that although the number of nuclei and adhesion to capillary walls of Bowman's capsule in nephritic control rats were significantly increased, pachyman reduced the degree of histopathological changes such as hypercellularity and adhesion as compared to the control group. Although the serum complement CH50 ratio in control group was significantly lower than that in the normal group, the decrease in serum complement CH50 was inhibited by pachyman, and rat C3 deposition in the glomeruli in the pachyman-treated group was significantly reduced. These results suggest that pachyman was effective against original-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats and that the antinephritic mechanisms of pachyman may be partly due to the inhibitory action of this agent on C3 deposition in the glomeruli.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1992

Studies on the antinephritic effects of plant components (6): antinephritic effects and mechanisms of phellodendrine (OB-5) on crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats (2).

Effects of phellodendrine (OB-5) on crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats and the cell number of the various leukocyte subpopulations in the glomeruli of the nephritic rats were investigated. OB-5 at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o. prevented the urinary protein excretion by the 19th day after i.v.-injection of anti-GBM serum. In the OB-5-treated rats, plasma cholesterol and creatinine contents were lower than those of the control rats throughout the 40-day experimental period. Histopathological observations demonstrated that OB-5 inhibited the incidence of crescent formation, adhesion and fibrinoid necrosis in the glomeruli by the 41st day. OB-5 did not affect the plasma antibody titer against rabbit gamma globulin. The increases in total leukocytes, macrophages, cytotoxic/suppressor T cells, Ia positive cells, and IL-2 receptor positive cells in the glomeruli in OB-5, 100 mg/kg-treated rats as well as those of the animals treated with azathioprine or cyclosporin A were lower than those of the anti-GBM nephritic control. These results indicate that OB-5 was effective in crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis and the antinephritic mechanisms of this agent may be due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation or the migration of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the glomeruli.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Twenty-eight-day repeated dose toxicity test of pentaerythritol in F344 rats].

A twenty-eight-day repeated dose toxicity test of pentaerythritol at dose levels of 1000 or 0 mg/kg/day was carried out in male and female F344 rats. Thirteen animals of each sex were divided into 2 groups with 7 rats receiving pentaerythritol treatment and 6 rats served saline as control. All groups received an i.g. administration daily for 28 days. As to serum biochemical and hematological examinations, there were no serious differences between the pentaerythritol-treated rats and the control rats. On histopathological examination, no specific changes were observed in the pentaerythritol-treated rats. Based on these results, the no-observed-effect level of pentaerythritol can be concluded to be more than 1000 mg/kg/day.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1992

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver diagnosed by liver biopsy under laparoscopy.

We report a case of primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma arising in the liver. There were no specific findings or signs except for the deformity and multiple lesions of the liver at imaging procedures, which included magnetic resonance imaging. The key to the diagnosis was histological examination of liver biopsy specimens obtained under laparoscopy. Plasma factor VIII activity was elevated, which was also helpful in the diagnosis.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1992

[Clinical study of parathyroidectomy of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure].

We performed parathyroidectomy for renal osteodystrophy due to secondary hyperparathyroidism on 16 patients with chronic renal failure who were refractory to medical management; subtotal parathyroidectomy on one patient and total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation on 15 patients. Postoperative clinical improvement, i.e., bone and/or joint pain, pruritus and radiographic signs of renal osteodystrophy, was marked. After the operation, serum calcium decreased rapidly and adequate calcium replacement therapy was necessary. The levels of intact parathyroid hormone decreased rapidly and serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase gradually decreased for a few months postoperatively. Recurrence was diagnosed in one patient, who underwent excision of the transplanted parathyroid tissue. Osteomalasia due to hypoparathyroidism was not seen clinically in this series. In preoperative image diagnosis, ultrasonotomogram (US) showed the highest detective rate of the enlarged parathyroid glands. However, combination of US, computerized tomography and 99mTcO4(-)-201T1C1 scintigram can be recommended as a localizing diagnostic method for compensating the disadvantages of each method. Clinical results after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism are considered to be good. However, long-term followup is mandatory for early detection of persistent hyperparathyroidism or hypoparathyroidism.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Ultrasonographic study on kidneys in patients with acute renal failure].

Ultrasonotomograms of 22 kidneys were obtained in 11 patients with renal-acute renal failure (renal-ARF). The underlying diseases of renal-ARF were acute tubular necrosis in 8 patients and acute on-set chronic glomerulonephritis in 3 patients. They were treated by hemodialysis in 10 patients and intermittent peritoneal dialysis in 1 patient. Ultrasonic measurement of the size of kidneys revealed that the thickness (anterior-posterior diameter) and the ratio of thickness to length (T/L) were greater in patients with ARF than in those with chronic renal failure and normal renal function. The patients with a low value of T/L (under 0.60) had a significantly greater urine volume than those with high a value of T/L (0.60 or more). The sonographic features of renal-ARF kidneys were marked increase in parenchymal echogenicity and appearance of hypoechoic swollen renal pyramids with sharpness of the corticomedullary border. In the course of ARF, these sonographic changes gradually disappeared when the patients had recovered from ARF. However, the prognosis was poor in patients with severer sonographic findings. We believe that repeated ultrasonic examination of the kidneys in patients with renal-ARF is useful for not only differential diagnosis of post-renal urinary obstruction but evaluating the course of ARF.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

PubMed1991

[Twenty-eight day repeated dose toxicity test of m-nitroaniline in F344 rats].

A twenty-eight day repeated oral dose toxicity test of m-nitroaniline (m-NA) was carried out in male and female F344 rats at dose levels of 0, 15, 50 or 170 mg/kg/day. Animals of both sexes were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 30 animals, 4 groups being used for the 28 days dosing study and the remainder for investigation of subsequent recovery. Inhibition of body weight gain, and induction of cyanosis and methemoglobinemia were observed in the highest dose groups of both sexes, but there were no animal mortalities. Testicular atrophy was evident but there was no effect on the ovaries in the same group. In addition to these findings, hemolytic anemia and increases of liver, spleen and kidney weights were also observed in both sexes in a dose-related fashion. Histologically, the highest dose group showed reduction of spermatogenesis with multinucleated giant cell formation, lipofuscin deposition mainly in the proximal renal tubules, and increases in hemosiderin deposition and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver. Dose-related increases in the incidence of hemosiderin deposition in the spleen, erythroid hyperplasia in the bone marrow and swelling of hepatocytes were observed in treated groups. After a 14 day recovery period, these findings were attenuated or had disappeared. Based on these results obtained under the present experimental conditions, it was concluded that m-NA induces hemolytic anemia and exerts testicular toxicity in rats and that the non-observed-effect level of m-NA is less than 15 mg/kg/day.

Administration, Oral↗