Biomedical subjects

K Fukushima

Publications and source records attributed to K Fukushima.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

[Plasma N-methylhistamine levels following intravenous administration of pipecuronium in man].

The half life of released plasma histamine (HA) is short but N-methylhistamine (N-MHA) which is a metabolite of HA has a longer life. Measuring both HA and N-MHA, it is possible to know the release of HA in the plasma. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the release of HA by pipecuronium (PPB) by measuring both HA and N-MHA in the plasma. Ten patients received 0.04 mg.kg-1 and other 10 patients received 0.08 mg.kg-1 of intravenous PPB. Plasma levels of HA and N-MHA were measured 1 minute before and 1, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after the administration of PPB. Release of plasma HA and N-MHA was not observed following administration of PPB. We concluded that PPB does not cause the release of histamine because there is no increase of the metabolite, N-MHA, of HA, and PPB can be used safely for patients with allergy.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Effect of intrathecal administration of opioid on minimum alveolar concentration and postoperative pain relief--a comparison of morphine and buprenorphine].

Intrathecal morphine (Mor) exerts potent analgesic effect and decreases anesthetic requirement. However, morphine was reported to have various uncomfortable side effects, and buprenorphine (BPN) is considered as an alternative opioid. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intrathecal BPN and Mor on the MAC of halothane and the relief of postoperative pain. The result shows that the MAC of halothane decreases dose dependently both in the BPN and Mor groups. The decrease in halothane MAC with 0.05 mg intrathecal BPN was equipotent with the intrathecal administration of 0.5 mg Mor. Adequate postoperative analgesia and severe pruritus were observed in the 0.5 mg Mor group. The intrathecal administration of 0.05 mg and 0.075 mg BPN has shown mild analgesic effect without any side effects.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Noradrenaline synthesis by locus coeruleus neurons transplanted in rat frontal cortex--influence of denervation of intrinsic noradrenergic projection].

Locus coeruleus (LC) noradrenergic neurons obtained from rat embryo (embryonic day 17) was prepared as cell suspension, and this neuronal cell suspension was transplanted in the frontal cortex of adult rats. The recipient rats were divided into 2 groups to examine the influence of the elimination of the intrinsic noradrenergic projection to the cortex on the transplanted neurons: the first group of animals received electric LC lesion 1 week prior to the transplantation (pre-lesioned group), and the second group received LC lesion 5 weeks after the transplantation (post-lesioned group). The animals were sacrificed 8 weeks after the transplantation, and the noradrenaline (NA) content in the frontal cortex was measured. The NA content in the frontal cortex was also measured 3 or 8 weeks after the LC lesion in the rats received no transplantation (without-T group). The NA content in the frontal cortex was 249 +/- 69 ng/g tissue weight (mean +/- SD, n = 7) in the pre-lesioned group and 252 +/- 69 (n = 11) in the post-lesioned group, while the NA content in the without-T group remained as low as 61 +/- 44 (n = 5) 3 weeks or 51 +/- 14 (n = 9) 8 weeks after the LC lesion. The differences of the NA content between the without-T group and the other two groups were statistically significant respectively. These results suggested that, both in the pre- and post-lesioned groups, the transplanted neurons survived in the recipient animal and synthesized substantial amount of specific neurotransmitter or NA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic Fibers↗

PubMed1994

[Identification of the most appropriate time for lung transplantation in the patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis].

In order to identify the most appropriate time for lung transplantation, we examined the natural courses of eight patients who died of idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis (IIP). Five of eight patients died within two years after they were diagnosed as IIP and six died within one year after the last admission. As the disease progressed, arterial oxygen pressure tended to decrease and serum LDH level to increase. But no parameter was able to predict the natural courses of patients. We conclude that it is very difficult to identify the most appropriate time for lung transplantation and the prognosis of IIP patient is very poor. Therefore as soon as patients are diagnosed as IIP, it is mandatory to assess their eligibility for lung transplantation.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Vaporizer malfunction--a cause of high concentration halothane vapor delivery].

Excessively high concentration of halothane vapor was delivered to the inspiratory gas mixture due to the vaporizer malfunction (Fluotec 4). After disassembling the vaporizer, corrosion was observed on the internal components. This was considered as the reason for the high halothane output. Proper regular check up, use of appropriate monitoring devices, and a preuse equipment checklist may help improve the quality of patient care and decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with anesthesia equipment. Anesthesia machines should receive regular check up at least once a year and anesthesia providers should routinely use an equipment checklist. It is also important to realize that anesthesiologist's senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell are exceedingly reliable monitors for decreasing the incidence of anesthesia mishaps.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗

PubMed1994

[Immunohistochemical studies on mycobacteria in tuberculous necrotizing granulomas].

For the purpose to know the pathogenesis of caseous necrosis in tuberculous lesion, authors compared the presence and the number of mycobacteria in the pulmonary tubercles of various histological types. Forty pulmonary tubercles obtained from 16 patients (9 males, 7 females; mean age 51) were examined. By Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method, acid-fast bacilli were detected in 40% of 5 proliferative, in 12.5% of 24 productive and none of 11 sclerotic granulomas. By immunohistological staining with anti-BCG antiserum, positive staining was observed in 60%, 87.5% and 91% of each type of granuloma, respectively. Types of necrosis were classified by silver-staining as necrosis after exudative reactions (EN), necrosis after productive reactions (PN) and filled materials after softening and liquification of necrotic lesions (LN). EN was observed in 24 tubercles, and mycobacteria were stained in 8% of EN by ZN method and in 75% by immunohistological method. PN was observed in 21 tubercles, and mycobacteria were detected in none and 5% of such type of necrosis by respective method. LN was observed in 28 tubercles, and mycobacteria were detected in 11% and 71% of these lesions by respective method. So, positive ratio by immunochemical method was significantly higher in EN and LN than in PN. Further, mycobacteria were stained with anti-BCG antiserum as granules and the number of such granules were much more numerous in EN and LN than in PN (p < 0.01). From these results, it was suggested that necrosis might occur by different mechanisms in exudative reactions and in productive reactions.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[A case of early hilar lung cancer combined with intralobar pulmonary sequestration, both of which were treated by limited lung resection].

A 59-year-old man complained of fever due to infection in the intralobar pulmonary sequestration. On bronchoscopic examination, squamous cell carcinoma was found out at orifice of the left upper division bronchus. His pre-operative pulmonary function test showed low pulmonary reserve because of myelopathy. He underwent left S1 + 2 + S3 sleeve segmentectomy and S9 + 10 segmentectomy for intralobar pulmonary sequestration. He is well without any evidence of recurrence 10 months after surgery.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration↗

PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical expression of sialyl Lex antigen in relation to survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The alterations of carbohydrate chains in cancer cell membrane can be related, not only to the formation of tumor-associated antigens, but also to cell biologic significance. There is, furthermore, a possibility of their relationship to tumor metastatic behavior and subsequent survival of patients with cancer. Recent clinical studies elucidated that a carbohydrate antigen, sialyl Lex, is a useful tumor marker in colorectal cancer. However, the sialyl Lex antigen immunoreactivity in colorectal carcinoma in relation to patient survival is unknown. The aim of the study was to elucidate whether sialyl Lex expression in tumors was correlated with patient survival. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of sialyl Lex antigen, as detected by monoclonal antibody CSLEX1, was studied in 175 specimens of primary colorectal carcinoma from 120 patients who received radical surgery. RESULTS: The positive expression of sialyl Lex was observed in 87 of 120 patients (72.5%). There was no statistically significant association between the negative or positive of sialyl Lex and clinicopathologic factors, excluding Dukes stage and histologic type. The difference between overall 5-year survival of patients with sialyl Lex-negative tumors and that of patients with sialyl Lex-positive tumors (81.2% versus 60.6%) was statistically significant (P = 0.0263). In proportion to staining intensity that was expressed as a score based on the percentage of the total field stained positive with CSLEX1, 5-year survival of patients indicated a worse outcome (P = 0.0113). The prognostic value was then studied in a Cox regression model. Dukes stage had the strongest association with patient survival, whereas sialyl Lex expression was found to be the second-ranking parameter. CONCLUSIONS: When examining the expression of sialyl Lex antigen, as detected by monoclonal antibody CSLEX1, clinically useful information for patient survival after radical resection of colorectal cancer is given.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Sugar chains of human cord serum alpha-fetoprotein: characteristics of N-linked sugar chains of glycoproteins produced in human liver and hepatocellular carcinomas.

Human serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is elevated in not only hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but also benign liver diseases. AFP produced in HCC and benign liver diseases was separated into several isoforms corresponding to different sugar chain structures by several types of lectin affinity electrophoresis, and the HCC-specific AFP isoform was discriminated from those of benign liver diseases. Because a small amount of HCC-specific AFP isoform was detected in cord serum AFP, the whole sugar chain structures of human cord serum AFP were determined, as follows: Neu5Ac alpha 2-->Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->6(Neu5Ac alpha 2 -->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->3)Man beta 1-->4R1 and R2, Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->6(Neu5Ac alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1 -->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->3)Man beta 1-->4R1 and R2, and Neu5Ac alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->6(Neu5Ac alpha 2 -->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->3)Man beta 1-->4R1 and R2 in the ratio of 81.6:8.9:9.5. R1 and R2 denote GlcNAc beta 1-->4GlcNAcOT (subscript OT represents an NaB3H4-reduced oligosaccharide) and GlcNAc beta 1-->4(Fuc alpha 1-->6)GlcNAcOT, respectively, and the ratio between R1 and R2 in the respective fractions was approximately 19:1. In contrast, the sugar chain structure of HCC highly specific AFP isoform was found to comprise a monosialyl-biantennary sugar chain with additional fucosylation of the proximal N-acetylglucosamine. Fucosylation of AFP produced in fetal liver increased in inverse proportion to the gestation period, in weeks, indicating that fucosylation of AFP in HCC may be related to the dedifferentiation of human hepatocytes through malignant transformation.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1993

Pro-major basic protein has three types of sugar chains at the pro-portion.

The amino-acid sequence of purified recombinant pro-major basic protein from Chinese hamster kidney cells was determined to verify the primary structure and glycosylation sites. Reduced and S-carboxamidemethylated protein was first digested with Achromobacter proteinase I. Each peptide was characterized by amino-acid analysis and amino-acid sequence analysis. We could identify all the peptides which were expected from the pro-major basic protein cDNA sequence. Sequence analysis and deglycosylation study revealed that Ser-8, Thr-9, Ser-46 and Asn-70 were glycosylated. The results indicated that proMBP has three types of sugar chains, O-glycoside, N-glycoside and glycosaminoglycan, in the pro-portion.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Suppressive role of sialylated N-glycans in Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis by macrophages.

By culturing with tunicamycin A1, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation, or by sialidase digestion, mouse monocytic cells P388D1 were induced to carry out Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis of IgG-coated sheep red blood cells. There was no significant difference in the numbers of IgG-coated sheep blood cells bound to the cells at 4 degrees C before and after exposure to tunicamycin or sialidase. These results suggest that sialylated N-glycans expressed on the cell surface have a suppressive role in the induction of phagocytosis, and their decreased expression or reduced sialylation results in acquisition of the phagocytic ability of the cells by affecting some processes involved in the ingestion of the particles bound to Fc receptors.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Ubiquinone systems of Coccidioides immitis, the causative agent of coccidioidomycosis.

The ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) systems of eleven strains of Coccidioides immitis were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The ubiquinone profile of the fungi was shown to be homogeneous: in all of the strains, ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) was demonstrated to be the major component, with Q-9 as a minor component. The results imply that the ubiquinone system may serve as an additional phenotypic criterion for identifying the fungus.

Coccidioides↗

PubMed1993

Sugar chains of serum transferrin from patients with carbohydrate deficient glycoprotein syndrome. Evidence of asparagine-N-linked oligosaccharide transfer deficiency.

The structure of over 93% of the sugar chains of serum transferrin purified from three patients with carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein (CDG) syndrome was Neu5Ac alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->6 (Neu5Ac alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->2Man alpha 1-->3)Man beta 1-->4GlcNac beta 1-->4GlcNAc, similar to that in a healthy control. On chromatofocusing, CDG syndrome transferrin was separated into three major isoforms, S4, S2, and S0, containing 4, 2, and 0 sialic acids/molecule at pH 5.12 (5.16), 5.42, and 5.80, respectively. On 7.5% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the molecular masses of transferrin isoforms S4, S2, and S0 were 80, 77, and 74 kDa, respectively. Transferrin isoforms S4 and S2 were linked to 2 and 1 mol of sialylated biantennary sugar chain/transferrin molecule, on the other hand, isoform S0 was not linked to any asparagine-N-linked oligosaccharide. Accordingly, CDG syndrome can be concluded to be an asparagine-N-linked oligosaccharide transfer deficiency, although the primary deficient enzyme has not yet been determined.

Asparagine↗

PubMed1993

N-linked sugar chain structure of recombinant human lymphotoxin produced by CHO cells: the functional role of carbohydrate as to its lectin-like character and clearance velocity.

Recombinant human lymphotoxin (rhLT) produced by CHO cells transfected with human LT genomic DNA was purified to homogeneity, but approximately 5% of the molecules were devoid of the last two amino terminal residues. A peptide N-glycosylated at Asn62 (Tr-45) and one partially O-glycosylated at Thr7 (Tr-14) on cleavage with trypsin were separated by reverse phase HPLC. The N-linked sugar chains of Tr-45 were released quantitatively as oligosaccharides on hydrazinolysis (100 degrees C, 8 h), followed by N-acetylation. After being reduced with either NaB3H4 or NaB2H4, their structures were determined by a combination of serial lectin affinity chromatography, exoglycosidase digestion, and methylation analysis: 82.7% of the sugar chains occur as biantennary complex-type sugar chains, the remainder being C-2 and C-2,4/C-2,6 branched triantennary, and C-2,4 and C-2,6 branched tetraantennary complex-type sugar chains with a fucosylated mannose core. Their sialic acid residues occur only as the Neu5Ac alpha 2-->3Gal group. The clearance velocity from the bloodstream dramatically increased with desialylation, and rhLT tends to have accumulated in the kidney, indicating that there may exist other mechanisms for clearance from the circulation besides the galactose-binding protein in hepatocytes and the filtration system of the kidney. Desialylated rhLT showed a lectin-like binding character to uromodulin similar to that of tumor necrosis factor, although intact rhLT did not. The interaction between desialylated rhLT and uromodulin was inhibited by N,N'-diacetylchitobiose and [Man alpha 1-->6(Man alpha 1-->3)Man alpha 1-->6](Man alpha 1-->2Man alpha 1-->3)Man beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->4GlcNAc-->Asn. These results indicate that the lectin-like domain of rhLT is exposed on its desialylation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Comparison of Virapap filter hybridization with polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization methods for detection of human papillomavirus in tonsillar and pharyngeal cancers.

A method using a commercial dot filter hybridization kit, Virapap, was compared with Southern blot hybridization and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 in pharyngeal and tonsillar cancers of 12 patients as well as tonsillar biopsies from 28 patients with chronic tonsillitis. Concordant results between Virapap and PCR, Virapap and Southern hybridization, and PCR and Southern hybridization methods were obtained respectively in 41.7%, 58.3% and 83.3% of the cancer cases, and 67.9%, 67.9% and 85.7% of the control (tonsillitis) cases. Virapap false-positive results were found in 5 cancer cases and 5 control cases. Although the Virapap method is reported to be useful for detecting HPV in gynecological tissues, this method cannot be recommended for the detection of HPV in pharyngeal and tonsillar cancers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Giant benign mesenchymoma of the mediastinum causing superior vena cava syndrome: report of a case.

The surgical resection of a giant primary mediastinal mesenchymoma causing superior vena cava syndrome is herein described. A 53-year-old man was admitted to the hospital complaining of severe dyspnea. A chest roentgenogram showed a large mediastinal mass shadow compressing the superior vena cava. At surgery, a yellow tumor measuring 27 x 25 x 12 cm and weighing 3,620 g was resected. The histological diagnosis was benign mesenchymoma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful with a successful resolution of his superior vena cava syndrome.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

Morning increase in hemodynamic response to exercise in patients with angina pectoris.

The present study was conducted to determine whether or not there is diurnal variation in the hemodynamic responses to stimuli that increase myocardial oxygen demand, and the effects of such variation on electrocardiograms (ECG). Fifteen patients with angina pectoris, 17 patients with old myocardial infarction, and 8 healthy controls were examined in this study. Graded exercise stress testing was conducted in the supine position, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, using a bicycle ergometer. A standard 12-lead ECG was recorded before, immediately after, and 3, 5, and 10 min after the end of the exercise. The exercise ECG and blood pressure changes were compared among the groups and, within each group, the results after morning and afternoon exercise were compared. Hemodynamic responses, including heart rate, blood pressure, and the pressure-rate product, showed greater increases in the morning than in the afternoon in angina patients and controls, in association with greater depression of the electrocardiographic ST-segment. In contrast, patients with old myocardial infarction exhibited no difference in hemodynamic responses or the ST-pattern from morning to afternoon. The results suggest that diurnal variation of hemodynamic responses to increased oxygen demand may explain, at least partly, why myocardial ischemia of effort angina is more severe in the morning than in the afternoon.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Rapidly growing mural thrombus in an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

While mural thrombus accompanied by an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is not rare, the growth rate of such a thrombus has not yet been adequately documented. We present here a very rare case of a 62-year-old female patient with an AAA in whom the mural thrombus in the aneurysm grew very rapidly over a short period. We could follow the growth of the mural thrombus in the AAA by two-dimensional (2-D) abdominal echography. Patients with an AAA must be closely monitored by this technique which is able to detect the presence of the thrombus and allow evaluation of its growth.

Aorta, Abdominal↗