Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Fukui

Publications and source records attributed to K Fukui.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria syndrome due to recurrent malignant pheochromocytoma].

A case of malignant pheochromocytoma, with a recurrence 15 years after adrenalectomy and with an associated watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria syndrome, is reported. Histological evaluation of the tumors revealed composite malignant pheochromocytoma-ganglioneuroblastoma (well differentiated type). Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and catecholamine levels were high both in the plasma and in the tumors. Somatostatin was also rich in the metastatic tumor of the liver, but not in the plasma. Immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated that immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is present in the ganglioneuroblastoma component, and that immunoreactive somatostatin is present in the pheochromocytoma component. Literature on the watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria syndrome associated with pheochromocytoma was reviewed.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1987

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding porcine kidney D-amino acid oxidase.

Complementary DNAs encoding D-amino acid oxidase (EC 1.4.3.3, DAO), one of the principal and characteristic enzymes of the peroxisomes of porcine kidney, have been isolated from the porcine kidney cDNA library by hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the partial amino acid sequences. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of two clones revealed a complete 3211-nucleotide sequence with a 5'-terminal untranslated region of 198 nucleotides, 1041 nucleotides of an open reading frame that encoded 347 amino acids, and a 3'-terminal untranslated region of 1972 nucleotides. The deduced amino acid sequence was completely identical with the reported sequence of the mature enzyme [Ronchi, S., Minchiotti, L., Galliano, M., Curti, B., Swenson, R. P., Williams, C. H. J., & Massey, V. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 8824-8834]. These results indicate that the primary translation product does not contain a signal peptide at its amino-terminal region for its translocation into peroxisomes. RNA blot hybridization analysis suggests that porcine kidney D-amino acid oxidase is encoded by three mRNAs that differ in size: 3.3, 2.7, and 1.5 kilobases. Comparison of the sequences of the two cDNA clones revealed that multiple polyadenylation signal sequences (ATTAAA and AACAAA) are present in the 3'-untranslated region, making the different mRNA species. The efficiency of 3' processing of the RNA was quite different between the two signal sequences ATTAAA and AACAAA. Southern blot analysis showed the presence of a unique gene for D-amino acid oxidase in the porcine genome.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Salidiuretic action of the calcium antagonist nitrendipine in dogs.

In an attempt to define the effects of a calcium antagonist, nitrendipine, on renal function, intrarenal hemodynamics, and renin release, we infused the drug into the renal artery of anesthetized dogs. Infusion of nitrendipine at a rate of 5 micrograms/min in both hydropenic and hydrated dogs resulted in a significant increase in renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow and renin release, with no change in systemic blood pressure, indicating a significant renal vasodilation. The urinary excretion rate of sodium increased by the same proportion as that of calcium. The intrarenal blood flow as measured by hydrogen washout rate showed that the outer cortical flow increased by the same proportion as the inner cortical flow. During nitrendipine infusion, free water reabsorption rate (TcH2O) in hydropenic dogs or free water clearance (CH2O) in hydrated dogs increased in proportion to the urine flow. Neither the ratio of TcH2O nor that of CH2O to osmolar clearance changed throughout the experiment. These data suggest that nitrendipine may not inhibit sodium transport in the medullary portion of the ascending limb of Henle and may induce an enhancement of the delivery of sodium to the Henle loop. Thus, nitrendipine exerts its diuretic and natriuretic actions via the alteration of renal hemodynamic and the inhibitory effect on proximal sodium reabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Serological typing of reference strains and clinical isolates of Streptococcus mutans by agglutination reactions and/or radioimmunoassay.

Rabbit antisera were prepared against eight different serotypes of Streptococcus mutans. After absorption with heterologous serotype strains the antisera were able to distinguish 21 reference strains of different serotypes of S. mutans by simple agglutination reactions and radioimmunoassay, both using intact whole cells. The reference serotypes a, b, d and g were differentiated by specific agglutination using the corresponding monospecific antiserum. Strains of serotypes c, e, f and h were discriminated by differential agglutination using anti-c, anti-e, anti-f or anti-h serum respectively, but the antisera cross-reacted slightly with other serotype strains. Using these antisera a total of 261 clinical isolates of S. mutans from human dental plaques were serotyped by agglutination reactions, in addition to which radioimmunoassay and the classical immunodiffusion tests in agar were also used in some cases. The results were quite consistent in the three methods. The predominant strain was of serotype c (187), followed by serotype f (28), g (10), d (5), e (4) and b (1). 26 strains were untypable and there were no serotype a or h strains.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

Possible role of endothelial thromboxane A2 in the resting tone and contractile responses to acetylcholine and arachidonic acid in canine cerebral arteries.

The amount of immunoreactive thromboxane B2 (iTXB2) released from isolated canine arteries was determined by radioimmunoassay. The amount of iTXB2 released from the cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, and saphenous arteries was 47.0 +/- 7.2, 4.0 +/- 0.6, 4.9 +/- 0.5, and 2.7 +/- 0.4 pg/mg wet weight tissue/30 min, respectively. The release of iTXB2 from the cerebral artery was decreased to less than 50% by the administration of indomethacin (10(-5) M) or OKY-046 (10(-4) M), and by intimal rubbing. The release of iTXB2 was enhanced nearly twofold by the addition of arachidonic acid (AA) (10(-5) M) to the medium, but not by the addition of acetylcholine (ACh) (10(-6) M). The cerebral arterial strips maintained the resting tone, which was reduced maximally by papaverine (10(-4) M). The resting tone was also reduced dose dependently by a cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin), a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthetase inhibitor (OKY-046), and a TXA2 antagonist (ONO-3708). The resting tone of rubbed strips was about half that of intact strips. ACh and AA induced similar transient contractions in the cerebral artery. Contractions produced by these agents were attenuated by indomethacin (10(-7) M), aspirin (5 X 10(-5) M), OKY-046 (10(-6) M), and ONO-3708 (10(-8) M), and abolished by intimal rubbing. From these results, it is concluded that TXA2 is produced in the endothelial cells and may be involved in maintaining the resting tone and contractile response to AA in the canine cerebral artery.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Leukotoxic activity in Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans isolated from periodontal disease patients.

Leukotoxic activity in Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans isolated from patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RP), gingivitis (G), and juvenile periodontitis (JP), and several oral bacteria, was determined by observation of morphological changes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Many A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates yielded both rough-surfaced and umbonate-shaped colonies (A-type), and smooth-surfaced and convex-shaped colonies (B-type), when stock cultures were streaked on agar medium. Both types of cells were identical in terms of Gram stain, cell morphology, sugar fermentation profile, nitrate reduction and cellular fatty acid composition. Sonic extracts were prepared from 32 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains isolated from patients and from 3 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains. Sonic extracts from 8 isolates and 2 ATCC strains induced sphering of PMNs during a 45-50 min period of incubation at 37 C. Extracts from the other oral bacteria had no effects on PMN morphology. The sphered PMNs were found by their fluorochromatic-negative reactions to be damaged cells. The leukotoxic substance was heat-sensitive (56 C, 30 min), trypsin-sensitive and did not induce sphering of PMNs at 4 C. There was no clear correlation between colony type and leukotoxicity. Among 8 leukotoxic strains, 5 were isolates from an RP patient.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1987

Effects of L-erythro-3, 4-dihydroxyphenylserine on sleep-wakefulness patterns and concentrations of brain catecholamines and serotonin in rats.

The effects of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS), a nonnatural precursor of noradrenaline, on the sleep-wakefulness patterns of rats were studied. When the animals received an intraperitoneal injection of L-erythro-DOPS (200 mg/kg), a significant increase in slow wave sleep and a tendency to decrease wakefulness were observed during the first 2 hours after the injection. Paradoxical sleep increased 4-8 hours after the treatment. A simultaneous injection of benserazide (20 mg/kg) enhanced these effects. L-threo-DOPS (200 mg/kg, i.p.) had no effect on the sleep-wakefulness patterns. The effects of DOPS on the concentrations of brain catecholamines and serotonin in rats were also examined. An intraperitoneal injection of L-erythro-DOPS markedly increased the concentration of noradrenaline (probably the d-form) and decreased that of serotonin and dopamine. L-threo-DOPS had no effect on the brain monoamine levels of the rats in the present experimental condition. The effects of L-erythro-DOPS on the neurons containing noradrenaline in the rats were examined by fluorescence histochemistry. Fluorescence in the neuronal perikarya and fibers containing noradrenaline markedly increased in the n. coeruleus, n. paraventricularis and cerebral cortex after an intraperitoneal injection of amino acid. Fibers containing the fluorescence also increased in the second two areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Platelet aggregability and platelet volume in the postoperative course: problems in the platelet aggregation test derived from the measurement of platelet volume.

Platelet count, aggregability and volume in the postoperative course of 20 patients were examined. Platelet count was decreased on the 1st postoperative d, and increased on the 7th and 14th d compared with the preoperative value. The maximal aggregation rate of platelets induced by ADP was decreased on the 3rd postoperative d, and then recovered to the preoperative level. In contrast, platelet volume was only slightly increased on the 3rd postoperative d. In this study, there was no correlation between platelet aggregability and platelet volume in PRP. We have proposed one parameter, 'platelet concentration ratio' (platelet concentration in PRP/platelet concentration in whole blood). In the postoperative course, this concentration ratio changed depending on platelet volume, and possibly on other conditions of blood such as hematocrit, viscosity and specific gravity. The concentration ratio influenced the subpopulations of platelets in PRP. Platelet aggregation tests may be performed using PRP in which platelet subpopulations differ from those in whole blood, especially in the postoperative state.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of oxygen on glucose-limited growth of Streptococcus mutans.

Aerotolerance in the growth of Streptococcus mutans and related streptococci was examined under glucose-limited conditions. The growth rate of all strains tested was more or less retarded when they were transferred from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. As for growth yield, however, some strains (group 1) showed reduced values for the increment of cellular dry weight change (in grams per mole of glucose), whereas others showed either unaltered (group 2) or increased (group 3) yields. The characteristic feature of strains in groups 2 and 3 was their high activity of both glucose- and pyruvate-dependent oxygen uptake when strains were grown under aerobic conditions. By contrast, the activity of pyruvate-dependent oxygen uptake by group 1 strains was negligibly low, whether grown under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Some strains (group 1a) consumed oxygen in the presence of glucose at a much faster rate than others did (group 1b). There seems to be a good correspondence of these aerotolerance groupings to those based on serotypes of S. mutans. Thus, the groups 1a, 1b, 2, and 3 correspond to serotypes g, a+d, c+f, and b, respectively.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1987

Immunological study of cross-reactive polysaccharide antigens (types a, d, and h) of oral Streptococcus spp. with monoclonal antibodies.

Two monoclonal antibodies against the cross-reactive antigens of S. cricetus (type a) and S. sobrinus (type d) were isolated. Galactose and especially melibiose inhibited the precipitin reaction markedly. Inhibition by melibiose was over 200-fold stronger than that by galactose. This may indicate that galactose-alpha 1, 6-glucose is the predominant antigenic determinant of this cross-reactive antigen. This antigen was also found in S. sobrinus type h strains, but no antigen was found in one type d strain (OMZ176).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Identification of healed terminal DNA fragments in linear minichromosomes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The minichromosome Ch16 of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is derived from the centromeric region of chromosome III. We show that Ch16 and a shorter derivative, Ch12, made by gamma-ray cleavage, are linear molecules of 530 and 280 kilobases, respectively. Each minichromosome has two novel telomeres, as shown by genomic Southern hybridization with an S. pombe telomere probe. Comparison by hybridization of the minichromosomes and their chromosomal counterparts showed no signs of gross rearrangement. Cosmid clones covering the ends of the long arms of Ch16 and Ch12 were isolated, and subcloned fragments that contained the breakage sites were identified. They are apparently unique in the genome. By hybridization and Bal 31 digestion, the ends appear to consist of the broken-end sequences directly associated with short stretches (about 300 base pairs) of new DNA that hybridizes to a cloned S. pombe telomere. They do not contain the telomere-adjacent repeated sequences that are present in the normal chromosomes. The sizes of the short telomeric stretches are roughly the same as those of the normal chromosomes. Our results show that broken chromosomal ends in S. pombe can be healed by the de novo addition of the short telomeric repeats. The formation of Ch16 must have required two breakage-healing events, whereas a single cleavage-healing event in the long arm of Ch16 yielded Ch12.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed1987

E-rosetting of guinea pig lymphocytes with lyophilized rabbit red cells after treatment with papain and glutaraldehyde.

Guinea pig lymphoid cells were reacted to form spontaneous rosettes (E-rosettes) with rabbit red blood cells before and after treatment with papain or a very low concentration (0.01%) of glutaraldehyde alone or both. The papain-glutaraldehyde-treated cells showed as high ability as papain-treated cells to rosette with lymphoid cells prepared from thymus, spleen, lymph node and peripheral blood of guinea pigs. Moreover, papain-glutaraldehyde-treated red cells were lyophilized and stored for 1 year without any change in their ability to form E-rosettes with these lymphoid cells. Binding between lymphocytes and treated or nontreated red cells was completely inhibited by specific anti-guinea pig thymocyte serum. Furthermore, a lymphocyte population enriched for B cells from lymph nodes or leukemic cells of strain 2 guinea pigs (B cells) did not show any substantial E-rosettes with nontreated or treated red cells. Scanning electron microscopy revealed no surface alteration in the treated cells when compared to those in nontreated red cells.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1987

Endothelium-dependent vasocontraction in response to noradrenaline in the canine cerebral artery.

In the canine basilar artery, noradrenaline-induced contraction was markedly decreased by intimal rubbing. Scanning electron microscopic studies showed that the rubbing procedure had scrapped away the endothelial cells from the intimal surface of the artery. Prazosin (10(-7) M) reduced the noradrenaline-induced contraction in intact arteries, but did not significantly affect the contraction in the scrapped arteries. Yohimbine (10(-7) M) strongly inhibited the contraction in both intact and scrapped arteries. The endothelium-dependent vasocontraction produced by noradrenaline was inhibited by aspirin (5 X 10(-5) M), OKY-046 (10(-5) M) and ONO-3708 (5 X 10(-9) M). The present experiments provided evidence for endothelium-dependence of the vasocontraction produced by noradrenaline in canine basilar arteries, and they suggested that the endothelium-derived contracting factors might be arachidonic acid metabolites such as TXA2; they also suggested that alpha 1 adrenoceptors might be preferentially distributed on the endothelium, while alpha 2 adrenoceptors are preferentially located in smooth muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effects of captopril on plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide and the renin angiotensin system in rats.

We investigated the effects of captopril on the plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) level and the renin angiotensin system in rats. A single oral administration of captopril decreased the plasma ANP level and increased the plasma renin activity (PRA). Chronic administration of captopril for 2 weeks caused no changes in plasma ANP level, but PRA was increased. This suggests the hypothesis that the hemodynamic changes rather than changes in the renin angiotensin system caused by captopril may affect the plasma ANP level.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Isolation and characterization of an amphipathic antigen from Corynebacterium diphtheriae.

Amphipathic antigen was isolated from Corynebacterium diphtheriae Park-Williams number 8 cells by extraction with 47.5% phenol, nuclease treatment and gel filtration on Sepharose 6B. The chemical composition of the amphipathic antigen was hexose (73.8%), pentose (4.6%), fatty acids (9.8%) and glycerol (4.5%). The amphipathic antigen contained arabinose and mannose as sugars at a molar ratio of 1:6 and the major fatty acids were palmitic (C16:0) acid and palmitoleic (C16:1) acid (64.2% and 26.2%, respectively). The amphipathic antigen sensitized sheep erythrocytes and had definite immunobiological activities: viz mitogenic activity on murine splenocytes, stimulatory activity on guinea pig peritoneal macrophages and human complement activation. Deacylation of the amphipathic antigen with alkali treatment lost the sheep erythrocyte-sensitizing ability and some immunobiological activities. The isolated amphipathic antigen described is not a lipoteichoic acid and is different from the teichoic acid of C. diphtheriae.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

[Collision tumor of the stomach].

In a gastric neoplasm, malignant lymphoma is a relatively rare disease and a malignant lymphoma complicated by a carcinoma is very rarely found in the same stomach. As far as we could determine in a search of the literature, the coexistence of a gastric cancer and a malignant lymphoma was found in only 30 cases including our case and collision was seen in 10 of these. Our report concerns a recent case of malignant gastric lymphoma colliding with II c early gastric cancer, and is followed by a discussion. The patient, a man of 68, had complained of epigastralgia. The case was diagnosed as a gastric malignant lymphoma after an upper gastrointestinal roentgenogram and endoscopy. A biopsy revealed a torous malignant lymphoma (diffuse medium-sized cell type) and an II c early gastric cancer (tub 2) and suggested the collision between them.

Aged↗