Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Fukaya.
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A sixty-three years old female patient with subacute bacterial endocarditis was treated with clindamycin-2-phosphate parenterally, because she had a history of hypersensitive reaction to penicillins. She had received erythromycin, cephaloridine and cephalexin previously, but had no bacteriological response. When clindamycin-2-phosphate was given intramuscularly, the bacteremia disappeared for the first time. However, after the cessation of this treatment Streptococcus viridans grew in her blood again. It was suggested that this drug was bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal. During this therapy, local tenderness was noticed at the injected sites and a transient maculopapular rash developed which resolved in a few days.
By cross-over method between two formulations of capsules and tablets of doxycycline, serum levels and urinary excretions were compared in humans. No difference was found between the results with both formulations.
Clinical and laboratory studies on S-6437 were made, and the following results were obtained. 1. Thirty pediatric patients with various types of infections such as tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, cystitis, pyelitis, lymphadenitis colli and pyodermia were treated with S-6437 at the daily dosage of 50 mg/kg orally, the clinical effectiveness was 89.3%. 2. The peak blood level of cephalexin after a single oral administration (25 mg/kg) was observed after 4 hours and the average peak blood level of 10 cases was 7.4 microgram/ml. 3. The average urinary excretion rate of 5 cases was 71.2%. 4. Mild side effects were noticed in a few cases.
The serum and urinary levels and urinary recovery of cephaloridine during and after two-hour drip infusion of 1 or 2 grams of cephaloridine dissolved in 500 ml of physiological saline solution were determined in four healthy volunteers in cross-over fashion. Using the values of serum levels obtained from this experiment, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and simulation curves of serum levels for various doses and durations of cephaloridine drip infusion were drawn.
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The absorption and excretion of a new doxycycline solution for intravenous use (DOTC iv) were studied with the following results. 1. Serum levels following one shot intravenous injection of DOTC iv in glucose solution showed a good dose-response comparable with that of the same dose injection of pyrrolidinomethyltetracycline (PRM-TC). The urinary excretion was also examined. In 200 mg injection, nausea, general warm feeling, odor in mouth and tongue numbness were complained. 2. When DOTC iv was injected intramuscularly, the serum level did not reach the peak value and low level continued for a long time. Moderate local pain was complained at the site of injection. 3. The serum level following drip infection of DOTC dry fill showed a dose-response as well. The local vein tolerated well. 4. No abnormalities were found in clinical and laboratory examinations in all volunteers.
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