[Investigation into hepatitis C virus infection after needlestick injury].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Fujise.
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A 43-year-old woman with a history of cutaneous granular cell tumor presented with severe aortic regurgitation due to a type A aortic dissection. During repair, multiple masses were found on the surface of the heart, which later were identified to be granular cell tumor. We present an extremely rare case of multicentric granular cell tumor of the skin and heart, manifested over a 23-year period.
Using ear densitography, consisting of photoelectric plethysomography and Holter electrocardiography, we measured systolic time intervals (STI) in 21 patients, ASA class 1 and 2, undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using CO2 insufflation under general anesthesia (neuroleptanesthesia with isoflurane in air, FIO2 0.5). The patients were divided into two groups: Y-group (10 patients under 59 years of age) and O-group (11 patients over 60 years of age). We investigated the influence of age on cardiac pump function during pneumoperitoneum non-invasively. Y-group showed improvement of cardiac pump function (reduction of PEP/LVET) from 30 minutes after the beginning of insufflation and quick recovery of cardiac function immediately after deflation. O-group showed a tendency of increasing PaCO2 and arterial diastolic pressure, and delayed recovery of cardiac function (elongation of PEP at 60 minutes, and increase of PEP/LVET at 60 and 90 minutes, respectively, after insufflation). Hypertension and tachycardia were apparent immediately after pneumoperitoneum in the O-group. We conclude that special care and monitoring are mandatory for the aged patients with impaired cardiac or respiratory function during laparoscopic surgery.
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We investigated the immunological factors concerning the backgrounds of non- and low-responders who could not respond well to the hepatitis B (HB) vaccine. We injected 10 micrograms of the recombinant HB vaccine to the medical staffs of our hospital intramuscularly three times, 199 subjects of whom could receive the full course of immunization with the HB surface (HBs) antigen. We found that 14 subjects were non-responders whose titer of HBs antibody was under the 1.9 cut off index (C.I.) examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and 47 ones were low-responders whose titers were between 2.0 to 9.9 C.I. and the frequency of non- and low-responders was higher in males after the full course of HB vaccination. We chose 46 subjects and divided them into 4 groups according to the titer of HBs antibody at 8 and 28 weeks. We compared those groups to each other according to the amounts of total protein, gamma-globulin, IgG, IgA and IgM, numbers of peripheral white blood cells and lymphocytes, and percentages of peripheral lymphocyte and subsets of T cell including the examination by two-color flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. However we could not get any significant difference in any of those immunological factors by T assay. From these findings we suggest that the response to the HB vaccine does not depend on the quantity of the immunological factors before vaccination but on specific reactivity to HBs antigen after vaccination.
A 68 year old woman with chronic renal failure on long-term haemodialysis presented with progressive dyspnoea. Serial echocardiography showed a rapid reduction in mitral valve area from 2.18 to 0.92 cm2 over 18 months. In addition, the previously non-stenotic aortic valve was found to be severely stenotic with a valve area of 1.05 cm2. Cardiac catheterisation confirmed these findings. The patient had undergone subtotal parathyroidectomy more than 10 years before but had chemical and clinical evidence consistent with recurrent hyperparathyroidism. The patient underwent successful mitral and aortic valve replacement with relief of symptoms. Rapid progression of both aortic and mitral valve stenosis in the presence of secondary hyperparathyroidism is a rare finding.
Nemaline myopathy is a rare congenital myopathy associated with skeletal deformities and respiratory complications. Three children with nemaline myopathy who underwent cardiac surgery are described where the heart rate decreased during induction of anaesthesia and body temperature increased during or after the surgery. The anaesthetic implications in the management of patients with nemaline myopathy are discussed.
Laparoscopic procedures are promising techniques which allow less invasive surgery not only for intra-abdominal organs but also for retroperitoneal organs. Laparoscopic nephrectomy was first described by Clayman et al. We removed the left kidney of a 36-year-old male patient using laparoscopic procedures according to Clayman's technique. The kidney had developed hydronephrosis due to congenital ureteropelvic junction stenosis. In the peritoneal cavity the freed kidney was pushed into a Lapsac, minced using scissors and forceps, and removed without elongation of the wound. During the operation, pneumoperitoneum with CO2 gas induced increases in PaCO2, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure and cardiac output, all of which the patient tolerated well. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 9th postoperative day. Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a useful alternative to the conventional open surgery in selected cases, when surgical techniques and instruments are improved appropriately.
We used a Swan-Ganz catheter with a fast-response thermistor to measure the right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) during the anesthetic management of two patients with epinephrine-dominant pheochromocytomas. Pre-operatively, one patient received alpha adrenergic blocking agents (prazocine, doxazocine) to control the blood pressure but the other patient did not receive any agents. In the latter patient who did not receive alpha adrenergic blocking agents, right ventricular function was depressed post-operatively in the recovery room. The importance of preoperative preparation with alpha adrenergic blocking agents was confirmed by the reductions in RVEF and RVEDVI (right ventricular end-diastolic volume index) after resection of the tumor. Not only left heart monitoring but also right heart monitoring with RVEF and RVEDVI are recommended for the proper management of a patient with pheochromocytoma.
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The authors successfully established 5 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, JHH-1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, derived from hepatitis B surface antigen seronegative patients and one line. JHH-7, from a patient considered to be a hepatitis B virus carrier. In the culture media of any of the JHH cell lines, including JHH-7, hepatitis B surface antigen was not detected by radioimmunoassay. However, in JHH-7, integration of hepatitis B virus DNA was confirmed at two sites on the chromosomes of this line by Southern blot hybridization. In contrast, in other JHH cell lines derived from hepatitis B surface antigen seronegative patients, integration of hepatitis B virus DNA into the chromosomes of cells was not detected. These cell lines will be useful in the investigation of hepatocellular carcinoma development, especially for research into non-A/non-B hepatitis viruses.
A human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, JHH-7, was established from resected liver tumor of a 53 year old male with hepatitis B virus infection. JHH-7 was composed of polygonal epithelial cells and functionally synthesized and secreted human albumin, AFP, CEA and ferritin. No HBsAg was detected in the culture supernatant of JHH-7 cells. Changes of secretion of AFP and CEA from JHH-7 cells after heat treatment was studied using a temperature gradient incubator. Secretion of AFP decreased along with the inhibition of cell proliferation by heat treatment. Secretion of CEA, however, did not decrease even though the cells were damaged.
The case of 37-year-old male with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with prominent splenomegaly is presented. The spleen that was removed for analysis had a weight of 2690 grams and a section inspection revealed multiple, whitish, small nodules that were disseminated throughout the entire spleen. It was microscopically demonstrated to be a B-Cell lymphoma of diffuse, medium-sized cells and an IgM.kappa Type. This case also was complicated by a high serum titer of cold agglutinin that was decreased by chemotherapy.
Authors have successfully established 7 human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. In one of these cell lines, JHH-7, derived from HBs antigen positive HCC, hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome was analyzed by Southern blot hybridization. Digesting with Hind III restriction endonuclease, two bands were obtained at 6.0 and 2.5 kb, that is the integration of HBV genome was confirmed at the two sites of chromosomes in this cell line. And analyzing with 32P labeled HBV-DNA fragments for probes, it was indicated that integrated HBV genome was incomplete one containing from X to C region.