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Biomedical subjects

K Fujisawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujisawa.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cianidanol therapy for HBe-antigen-positive chronic hepatitis: a multicentre, double-blind study.

The effect of cianidanol on the HBeAg/anti-HBe system in 338 patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis was studied in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, multicentre clinical trial. 174 patients received cianidanol in a daily dose of 1.5 g for 2 weeks, followed by 2.25 g for a further 14 weeks. 164 patients received a placebo for the same period: patients were followed up for a further 8 weeks. HBeAg and anti-HBe antibody titers were measured by R.I.A. at 4-week intervals and the results were expressed as a "cut-off index" and "inhibition percent", respectively. Liver function tests were also monitored at the same intervals. The HBeAg titer decreased by at least 50% in 44 of 144 cases treated with cianidanol (21 of 140 cases treated with placebo). The difference was significant (p less than 0.01). The HBeAg disappeared in 16 of the cianidanol cases and four of the placebo (p less than 0.05) and a seroconversion was observed in six cianidanol patients and three placebo patients. The mean HBeAg titer in the cianidanol group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group at the end of the 16 weeks of therapy (p less than 0.05). The patients whose HBeAg titer was lowered were largely those with chronic active hepatitis and had higher initial values of SGPT, SGOT and gamma-globulin than the patients whose HBeAg titers remained unchanged. The mean values for these liver function tests also fell significantly in the former sub-group. The drug was well tolerated, the only notable side effect being a transient febrile reaction in 13 patients. It is concluded that cianidanol is a useful and well-tolerated drug for improving the HBeAg/anti-HBe system in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic active hepatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Inhibitory effect of N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)anthranilic acid on release of SRS from alveolar macrophages in vitro.

The effects of N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl)anthranilic acid (N-5') on the release of the slow-reacting substance (SRS) by zymosan- or Ca ionophore-stimulated rat and human alveolar macrophages (AM) were examined in vitro. Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was used as a control. N-5' at concentrations of 10(-4)-10(-3) M significantly inhibited the release of SRS from both rat and human AM stimulated by zymosan. N-5' had almost the same inhibitory effect when added to the AM culture system at any time from 180 min before to 30 min after the addition of zymosan. N-5' (10(-4)-10(-3) M) also significantly inhibited the release of SRS by Ca ionophore-stimulated rat AM. N-5' (10(-6)-10(-3) M) had no significant effect on phagocytosis of yeast particles by rat AM. DSCG (10(-6)-10(-3) M) did not inhibit the release of SRS from the zymosan-stimulated rat AM. N-5' was concluded to have a relatively specific inhibitory effect on the non-immunological release of SRS from stimulated AM. It is postulated that N-5' inhibits the process of release of SRS from AM by acting after the initial stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Transmission of non-A, non-B hepatitis agent to chimpanzees from patients of epidemic hepatitis.

Two chimpanzees were inoculated intravenously with acute-phase sera obtained from two patients with epidemic hepatitis. They developed histopathologically confirmed hepatitis. Electron microscopic examination of the liver showed peculiar cytoplasmic tubular structures in the hepatocytes. These ultrastructural findings were similar to those described for the livers of chimpanzees inoculated with the F strain of non-A, non-B hepatitis agent derived from a posttransfusion hepatitis case. The chimpanzee that had recovered from hepatitis caused by the F strain of non-A, non-B hepatitis agent was re-challenged with the serum from one of the patients. The chimpanzee developed neither clinical signs nor histological changes of hepatitis. These results suggested that non-A, non-B hepatitis agent was involved not only in post-transfusion hepatitis but also in epidemic hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Guanase activity in the donor serum and the incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B.

Guanase activity in sera obtained from various liver diseases and normal subjects was measured by a direct colorimetric method. It was also measured in fresh whole blood (FWB) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) which were transfused to 78 patients during cardiac operations. Guanase activity was elevated in various liver diseases, and good correlation was found between guanase activity and amino-transferases. Thus, guanase activity was thought to be a good marker of liver damage. Among 78 patients, 17 patients (21.8%) developed posttransfusion hepatitis. All were non-A, non-B hepatitis. Mean value of guanase activity in 1527 units of FWB was 1.96 +/- 1.31 U/L, and in 353 units of FFP it was 2.29 +/- 1.02 U/L. Therefore, the normal upper limit of guanase activity of FWB and FFP was defined as 4.5 U/L (mean +/- 2S.D.). Among 1880 units of FWB and FFP, 56 units (3.0%) exceeded this limit. Among 24 recipients of FWB or FFP with guanase activity above 4.5 U/L, 11 cases (45.7%) developed posttransfusion hepatitis, while in 54 recipients of FWB or FFP below 4.5 U/L, only 6 cases (11.1%) developed hepatitis. This result means that blood or plasma with guanase activity above 4.5 U/L had higher risk of transmitting posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B. Accordingly, a screening of donor blood by the activity of guanase may be useful for the prevention of posttransfusion hepatitis non-A, non-B.

Aminohydrolases↗
PubMed1985

Neuropathological study and chemico-pathological correlation in sibling cases of Sanfilippo syndrome type B.

Pathological and biochemical studies of two sibling cases (18-year-old girl and 16-year-old boy) with Sanfilippo syndrome type B are presented. Pathological study revealed distended neurons and neuronal processes with inclusions throughout the CNS and the visceral organs, and neuronal loss and corresponding gliosis. The authors paid particular attention to atrophic changes in the thalamus and to "dissociation gliomyélinique" in the cerebral white matter. Histochemistry and electron microscopy revealed regional differences in stored materials. Biochemical studies revealed an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the CNS and abnormalities in the lipid metabolism in the brain and visceral organs. A protein assay of the cerebrum showed increased glial fibrillary acidic protein and low levels of myelin basic protein in the white matter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Laser acupuncture therapy for pain and vague complaints in neurosurgery].

The value of diode laser acupuncture for pain and other vague neurological complaints has been studied in chronic patients of head trauma and of cerebrovascular disease or neuralgia in head and neck regions. Gallium-Aluminium-Arsenide (Ga-Al-As) diode laser pain attenuator PANALAS-4000 manufactured by Japan Medical Laser Laboratory was used in the following specifications; wave length: 830 nm, power: 20-40 mW, frequency: 5-50 c.p.s., pulse duty: 0.9. The laser acupuncture was applied to some of the representative Chinese meridian points, local pain points and related nerves for 1 to 7 times in a week. It was given in 310 patients in our neurosurgical department. 175 of 227 patients who complained of pain and 12 of 39 patients who complained of numbness showed improvement within 24 hours, another 24 patients with pain and 16 patients with numbness showed improvement after 24 hours. No side effect was noticed. The duration of the effectiveness was about 2 or 3 days. It is very useful to apply the laser acupuncture for pain and vague complaints in neurosurgery.

Acupuncture Therapy↗