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Biomedical subjects

K Fujisawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujisawa.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Lung surfactant apoprotein (LSP) content of sputum samples from patients with chronic airway diseases].

LSP contents of sputum samples from patients with chronic airway diseases were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit which was designed by Kuroki et al to examine whether a substance identical to lung surfactant contained in alveolar lining layer, is also contained in respiratory tract fluid or not in the ELISA kit. One antibody to LSP was conjugated to peroxidase and another one to LSP was fixed onto a bead. A neo-anionic detergent, Triton X-100 and an anionic detergent, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were added to extraction medium to separate LSP from lung surfactant, and LSP reaction of sputum sample was maximal when the ratio of Triton X-100 to SDS was in range of 1 to 4. Airway mucous glycoprotein (AMG) purified from sputum sample did not show any LSP reaction. In CsCl density gradient ultracentrifugation of whole sputum, the LSP reaction was detectable only in the top fraction with density of about 1.40 and AMG was located in the fraction with a density of about 1.50. These results indicate that the LSP reaction of sputum sample is not due to false reaction caused by nonspecific binding of viscous AMG to the two antibodies to LSP, but to the existence of LSP. Therefore it was concluded that lung surfactant is contained in respiratory tract fluid. In general, the LSP concentrations in sputum samples were lower in purulent sputa than in mucoid or mucopurulent sputa, and lower in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis and bronchiectasia than in those with pulmonary emphysema and chronic bronchitis. It was shown that LSP was hydrolyzed by neutrophil leucocyte homogenate. These results suggest that LSP content of sputum is influenced by various factors such as infection and disease in the respiratory tract, and thus is useful to estimate pathological states of chronic airway diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome suspected with goniodysgenetic glaucoma].

We reported a case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome suspected in association with goniodysgenetic glaucoma, and studied using light and electron microscopy the anterior chamber angle tissues obtained surgically by trabeculectomy. The patient was 31-year old male, who had a systemic appearance of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with dwarfism, mental retardation, antimongoloid slant, flat-broad based thumbs, low set ears, high arched plate except for whorl of dermatographism. In addition to these malformations, goniodysgenetic glaucoma was also present which is characterized by underdevelopment of the angle recess and invisible ciliary body band in gonioscopic examination. The histopathological studies of the specimens revealed the presence of a compact tissue filled with a large amount of collagen fibers with few cells in the juxta-canalicular tissue of Schlemm's canal. There were 3 to 4 layers of trabecular sheets of corneoscleral meshwork at the anterior chamber side of the compact tissue. We conclude that the presence of the compact tissue under Schlemm's canal represents goniodysgenesis, underdevelopment of the trabecular meshwork, which is the primary cause of the glaucoma in this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Eosinophil colony stimulating activity induced by administration of interleukin-2 into the pleural cavity of patients with malignant pleurisy].

Systemic administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in patients with malignant diseases induces peripheral eosinophilia. In the present study, to clarify the mechanisms of eosinophilia induced by IL-2, we examined the changes in the number of eosinophils and in eosinophil colony stimulating activity (Eo-CSA) in the pleural fluid of six patients with malignant pleurisy caused by lung cancer or malignant mesothelioma, during and after intrapleural administration of IL-2. Results showed that intrapleural administration of IL-2 induced marked eosinophilia in the pleural fluid and mild eosinophilia in the peripheral blood, and that during IL-2 administration, marked Eo-CSA appeared in the pleural fluid before increase in the number of eosinophils. The Eo-CSA seemed to be a polypeptide or protein because it was trypsin-sensitive and had a molecular weight of 40-60 kDa.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Identification of semen in stain by determination of the specific activity of L-tartrate-inhibitable acid phosphatase.

For identification of semen in stain the specific activity of L-tartrate-inhibitable acid phosphatase (ACP) was determined. With each stain extract, both enzyme activity and protein concentration were determined, and the specific activity (enzyme activity/protein concentration) was calculated. Seminal stains showed a value of 23.8 +/- 15.2 (mean +/- SD) IU/mg protein, while vaginal fluid stains showed a value of 0.088 +/- 0.049 IU/mg protein. Stains of other body fluids did not show any L-tartrate-inhibitable ACP activity. Furthermore, only eight of 30 plant juice stains showed any levels of L-tartrate-inhibitable ACP, although all plants tested showed ACP activity. As the present method enables us to analyze forensic samples quantitatively, it seems to be useful for forensic practice.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Long-term follow-up study of children with chronic ITP.

A total of 126 children with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, including 35 splenectomized cases, were investigated in a long-term follow-up study, with regard to residual hematologic and immunologic abnormalities, complications and physical growth. Such hemorrhagic symptoms as petechiae, ecchymosis and epistaxis were still observed in about 22%-28% of the patients with a period of morbidity ranging from 3 to 15 years after onset. Residual thrombocytopenia below 150,000/microliters was found in 62% of patients within 5 years, 59% within 5 to 9 years and 57% within 10-14 years after onset. Other abnormalities were mild anemia, low serum level of IgA or IgM, positive antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, and positive Coombs test in a small number of patients. Increased platelet-associated IgG was still obtained in patients with subnormal platelet counts whose morbid periods were 6 to 27 years after onset. Investigation of the patients by questionnaire revealed such complications as obesity, striae atrophicae, abdominal pain, headache, cataract, Perthes' disease, and cardiac complication in some patients. No apparent disturbances except for obesity were observed in their physical growth.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Changes of subcellular localization of Thy-1 antigen during thymic myoid cell differentiation.

Using a quantitative enzyme immunoassay, Thy-1 antigen expressed by a rat myoid cell line R615B2 was detected mainly on the cell surface at a single cell stage, whereas at the stage of forming myotubes, Thy-1 was found predominantly in the cytoplasm. The muscle specific creatine kinase activity also increased in association with the shift of Thy-1 from the cell surface to the cytoplasm, suggesting biological significance of Thy-1 redistribution in muscle differentiation from single cells to multinucleated cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of anamnestic history, alcohol intake and smoking, nutritional status, and liver dysfunction between thorotrast patients who developed primary liver cancer and those who did not.

In order to clarify the differences in past history, nutritional condition and, consumption of alcohol and tobacco, and liver dysfunction between the thorotrast patients who developed primary liver cancer and those who did not, 103 persons who had no primary liver cancer in January 1980 were studied. All subjects were military men who had undergone angiography with thorotrast between 1943 and 1946. Twenty persons developed hepatocellular carcinoma and 16 developed intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma by April 1987, whereas 67 are still alive without any cancer. There was no difference in age or period after thorotrast infusion between those two groups of patients in January 1980. A difference in history of hepatitis and/or jaundice and presence of hepatic dysfunction was found between the subjects who developed primary liver cancers and those who did not. These findings suggest that an anamnestic history of hepatitis and liver dysfunction are risks for development of thorotrast-induced liver cancer. On the basis of the above findings, early detection of liver dysfunction offers a possibility of early diagnosis of primary liver cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Primary atypical mycobacteriosis of the intestine: a report of three cases.

Primary atypical mycobacteriosis of the lung is comparatively common but primary atypical mycobacteriosis of the intestine had not been described previously in the English literature. We have treated three such patients with antituberculous drugs and the clinicopathological findings and course are described. We suggest that these findings may belong to a new clinical entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hb Miyano or alpha 41(C6)Thr----Ser: a new high oxygen affinity alpha chain variant found in an erythremic blood donor.

An abnormal hemoglobin found in an erythremic blood donor was separable only by isoelectrofocusing, where it was located at the cathodic edge of Hb A. Cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography of a tryptic digest from the total alpha chain revealed splitting of the alpha T-6 peak, although our routine procedures failed to uncover the abnormality. This enabled the chemical characterization and quantitation of the abnormal hemoglobin as alpha 41(C6)Thr----Ser comprising about 30% of the total hemoglobin. The purified hemoglobin showed increased oxygen affinity, decreased subunit cooperativity and effect of organic phosphates, and normal Bohr effect.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Keratocyte activity in wound healing process following epikeratophakia in rabbits].

Epikeratophakia is a refractive surgery for the correction of aphakia, high myopia and keratoconus. Although many clinical studies of epikeratophakia have been performed, its wound healing process is not well understood. In the present study, we investigated keratocyte activities, particularly cell proliferation and collagen synthesis activity, during wound healing following epikeratophakia in rabbit corneas. Ten, 16, 28, 45, 63 and 90 days after the operation, corneas were excised, labeled with either 3H-thymidine (10 microCi/ml) or 3H-proline (10 microCi/ml) in DME for 4 hours and examined histologically, and by autoradiography. Ten days after the operation, almost no cells were seen in the keratolens except for a few keratocytes which had migrated to the edge of the keratolens. At days 16 and 28, keratocytes in the keratolens and in the host stroma near the junction between the host and the keratolens incorporated 3H-thymidine, suggesting active proliferation. The proliferating activity was no longer seen at days 45, 63 and 90. At day 90, almost complete repopulation with keratocytes was observed. Keratocytes in the keratolens and in the host stroma beneath the keratolens showed higher activity of 3H-proline incorporation than those in the control from day 16 through day 90 with the highest activity at day 28.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in hemopoietic and immunohematologic parameters with various modes of treatment in children with congenital pure red cell aplasia].

Clinical course, response to various modes of treatment and changes in in vitro marrow culture assay were studied in two patients with congenital pure red cell aplasia (Diamond-Blackfan syndrome) who were followed up for a long period. Patient 1, whose diagnosis was made at 8 months of age, was refractory to prednisolone and anabolic steroid. Bolus methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, ALG and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin were given but none were effective. Particularly, hemolysis occurred during high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. In colony assay, CFU-E and BFU-E were found to be extremely decreased throughout the course, and colony formation was not corrected by adding prednisolone to the assay system. However, coculture of normal bone marrow cells with the patient's peripheral mononuclear cells resulted in reduction in CFU-E and BFU-E colonies. It was interesting that CFU-E and BFU-E were normalized after high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Patient 2, whose diagnosis was made at 3 months of age, responded to prednisolone treatment at the early phase but became dependent on it thereafter. Thus, bolus methylprednisolone and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin were given, without effect. Unlike patient 1, bolus methylprednisolone therapy induced reticulocytosis once. During high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, hemolysis was also observed. In colony assay, CFU-E and BFU-E decreased during the course, but were not corrected by adding prednisolone to the assay system. These findings suggest that in vitro colony assay is not always correlated with response to various therapies, and congenital pure red cell aplasia seems to be a heterogeneous disorder. The indication for high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for this disorder is limited because of hemolysis complicating the therapy.

Colony-Forming Units Assay↗
PubMed1989

[Functional difference between HLA-DR and HLA-DQ molecules in mixed lymphocyte reaction].

In order to analyze the functional differences between HLA-DR and HLA-DQ molecules, we have established transfectants expressing HLA class II molecules. We investigated the contribution of these molecules in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) using these transfectants. 1) The genomic clones encoding for DR alpha, DR beta, DQ alpha, and DQ beta from HLA-Dw 15 haplotype were isolated. These genes were introduced into murine L cells and two kinds of stable transfectants expressing either of HLA-DR4 and HLA-DQw4 were established. Expression of HLA class II molecules on transfectants was confirmed by FACS analysis using monoclonal antibodies specific for HLA class II molecules. 2) Primary MLR against class II transfectants and blocking experiments showed that DR molecules function as dominant stimulator molecules in allo MLR, whereas DQ molecules as well as DR molecules stimulate equally auto MLR. 3) We also determined the clone size of MLR reactive CD4+ T cells by the limiting dilution analysis. Frequencies of allo DR, auto DQ, and allo DQ reactive CD4+ T cells was estimated to be almost equal, but frequency of auto DR reactive CD4+ T cells was estimated to be far low. These results suggest the relatively high occurrence of auto DQ reactive clones which contribute significantly to auto MLR. These auto DQ reactive clones may not be eliminated as efficiently as DR reactive clones, because of lower expression of DQ molecules than DR molecules on bone marrow derived cells.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1989

[Identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from clinical materials and some comments on it].

Six mycobacterial strains which were isolated and identified with some suspicions in five hospitals in Japan were retested for their biological and biochemical characteristics for correct identification at the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shimane Medical University. One strain originally classified as Group IV Mycobacterium, and two unidentified strains were presently identified as Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum complex. Two strains originally identified as M. xenopi were identified by us as M. szulgai and M. avium complex, respectively. Finally, one strain originally identified as M. phlei was identified by us as M. fortuitum. In these cases, inexactly controlled examinations for growth rate, growth at 45 degrees C, Tween 80 hydrolysis, and pigment production or lack of tests for certain key characters of a given organism seemed to be main causes of initial incorrect identification.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1989

[Cataract epidemiological study in west Sumatra].

A cataract epidemiology survey using a photo-documentation system was performed for people over age 40 who live in West Sumatra Island. The percent prevalence of cataracts, including early senile changes, were 28.7% in the 50 year-old population, 64.7% in the 60, 83.8% the 70 and 95.8% for people over 80. Prominent cataractous opacification was recognized in 8.8% the 50-59 year old population, 21.1% for those in their 60s, 38.7% for those in their 70s and 83.3% in people over 80. The most frequently observed cataract types were cortical and nuclear, followed by mixed types which had almost the same ratio. The incidence of nuclear cataracts was 3.5% and 8.5% in the 40-49 and 50-59 year-old population, respectively. The percent of nuclear cataracts seen in the 60 and 70 year-old population were 22.7% and 32.4%, respectively. Cataract incidence in 50-59 year-old diabetic subjects was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic subjects. Cataract incidence in 50-59 year-old subjects with high myopia was significantly higher than in cares of other types of refractive error. The main type of lens opacification seen in the high myopia cases was nuclear. Cataract prevalence in the 50 year-old age group who had received a high level of education was significantly lower than that of others.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Testicular tumor as the first manifestation of B-lymphoid blastic crisis in a case of Ph-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia.

We report an 8-year-old boy with Ph-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) who showed a testicular tumor as the first manifestation of blastic crisis. Pathological examination of the excised testis revealed marked infiltration of immature cells, whereas bone marrow remained in the chronic phase. Immunohistochemical and molecular examinations disclosed the immature cells to have B-lymphocyte surface determinants and immunoglobulin JH rearrangement. DNA obtained from the testis and peripheral blood cells showed similarly rearranged bcr configurations, indicating that infiltrating cells in the testis originated from the CML clone. Bone marrow showed B-lymphoid blastic crisis 4 months after testicular involvement.

B-Lymphocytes↗