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Biomedical subjects

K Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujimoto.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Morphological examination of the circulus arteriosus cerebri humani (circle of Willis). I. Anterior and posterior communicating arteries.

The circulus arteriosus cerebri (circle of Willis) was examined to observe morphological variations in 50 normal human brains. Multiformed variations, as well as unruptured intracranial aneurysms, were observed. Among such variations, particular attention was paid to configurations of the two communicating arteries, anterior and posterior, respectively. Variations of the anterior communicating artery were characterized by multiplicity in their forms, on the other hand the posterior communicating arteries exhibited hypoplastic or primitive configurations. We suggest that, possible morphological variations which occur in the course of circulus arteriosus cerebri and their main branches must not be confused with congenital malformations. There has been no critical definition of the normal circle arteriosus cerebri. Differences in morphological variations between the anterior and posterior communicating arteries are discussed from the viewpoint of both embryology and the clinical findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ileovesical fistula due to Crohn's disease: a case report].

A 24-year-old male first experienced pollakisuria, dysuria, pneumaturia and diarrhea in May 1988. Intravenous pyelography showed a normal upper urinary tract but bladder wall irregularity at the dome was observed. Cystoscopic examination revealed bullous edema, erythema and presence of a mucous-like substance. Barium enema X-ray examination revealed inflammatory changes at the terminal ileum but no fistulous connection was noted. Mild ulceration was observed on colon fiberscopic examination. At operation, a severely inflamed lower ileum firmly adherent to the dome of bladder as well as to the sigmoid colon was observed. Fistulous communication between bladder and ileum was also noted. Resection of diseased ileum, sigmoid colon and partial cystectomy were carried out. The patient remains well, without enteric or bladder symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Spinal myoclonus in association with brain death].

A 56-year-old, hypertensive man was admitted to our hospital because of confusion. He had been well unit half an hour before admission, when he had suddenly developed left hemiplegia. Although he became deep coma soon after admission, his vital signs were preserved. CT scan revealed a large right putaminal hemorrhage and a ventricular perforation. The condition was too severe for surgical approaches and conservative therapy for brain edema was performed. On the 2nd hospital day, corneal and light reflexes were disappeared and an anisocolia appeared. On the 3rd hospital day, right papilledema appeared. Doll's head-eye movements and ciliospinal reflexes were absent. CT scan demonstrated marked brain edema and collapsed ambient cisterns. Tentorial herniation were suspected. On the 4th hospital day, respiratory arrest occurred and ventilatory assistance began. On the 11th hospital day, electroencephalograms (EEG's) showed electrocerebral silence. EEG's performed next day showed still electrocerebral silence. On the 13th hospital day, brainstem auditory evoked potentials were recorded without any responses. He was thought to be in condition of brain death. On the 17th hospital day, multifocal myoclonus involving lower limbs and abdominal muscles appeared. The myoclonus lasted for about 15 hours occurred on both sides, but was asymmetrical. The myoclonus consisted of intermittent, brief, arrhythmic, stereotype, jerking contractions of the muscles. Sometimes, the contractions were sufficient enough to jump his body over the bed. These symptoms provided the characteristics of spinal myoclonus. Etiologies of spinal myoclonus are varied, but the primary abnormality exists within the spinal cord.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Brain Death↗
PubMed1989

Multiple congenital epulides in a newborn: with special reference to reported cases in Japan.

This report describes a case of multiple epulides which simultaneously occurred on the maxilla and the mandible of a 6-day-old female baby. The clinical findings, diagnostic procedure, surgical treatment, histopathology, and 2-year follow-up of this case are presented. Based on the clinicostatistical and histopathologic investigations with special reference to the pertinent Japanese literature, a possible histogenetic etiology of this entity is discussed. Any odontogenic component might play an important role in the development of this tumor. This case of multiple epulides is considered to be very rare.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical survey of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors associated with bladder tumor].

A clinical survey was performed on 80 cases of renal pelvic and ureteral transitional cell carcinomas we treated between January, 1963 and December, 1986. The cases included 30 of renal pelvic tumors, 17 of ureteral tumors, 3 of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors, 7 of renal pelvic and ureteral and bladder tumors, 16 of ureteral and bladder tumors and 7 of renal pelvic or ureteral tumors after treatment for bladder tumors. There were 37 cases of bladder tumors: 7 cases with preceding bladder tumors, 23 cases of synchronous bladder tumors, and 13 cases of subsequent bladder tumors. The 5-year survival for all cases was 60.2%. The 5-year survival for 43 cases unrelated with bladder tumors was 80.5% and that for 37 cases of bladder tumor was 41.6%. Therefore, there was a significant difference between these 2 groups (p less than 0.005). The 5-year survival for 50 cases without synchronous bladder tumors at first diagnosis was significantly higher than that for 23 cases with synchronous bladder tumors (p less than 0.001). Subsequent bladder tumors occurred after 2 to 48 months (mean 10 months) of the initial treatment for renal pelvic and ureteral tumors. Six of the 7 cases of preceeding bladder tumors were superficial tumors of pTa and pT1 and 3 cases had vesicoureteral reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Cytochemical localization of actin filaments in endothelial cells of rabbit trabecular meshwork].

Localization of actin filaments in the endothelial cells of rabbit trabecular meshwork was studied by the nitrobenzoxadiazole-phallacidin (NBD-ph) staining method for fluorescence microscopy and modified heavy meromyosin (HMM) decoration method for electron microscopy. Endothelial cells stained with NBD-ph exhibited intense fluorescence which was apparently associated with the basal plasma membrane area. By the modified HMM decoration method, labeled actin filaments were readily detected in the prefixed endothelial cells, because of the distinctive arrowhead-like appearance, observed beneath the basal plasma membrane facing the trabecular collagen sheet. The actin filaments were arranged with dual directionality within the bundle. In contrast, intermediate (10nm) filaments in the deeper region of endothelial cells were always unlabeled with HMM. The function of the actin filament bundles in endothelial cells may be to maintain the cell shape and provide contractility of the trabecular meshwork resulting in an alteration of the outflow resistance of aqueous humor drainage.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

Irregular nocturnal breathing patterns high altitude in subjects susceptible to high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE): a preliminary study.

We studied nocturnal breathing patterns and symptoms of acute mountain sickness (AMS) during trekking in the Japanese Alps (altitude: 2,760-2,920 m) for 4 d in five subjects susceptible to high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE-S-S) and five control volunteers. Breathing patterns were evaluated with the impedance plethysmograph, and symptoms of AMS were evaluated by the environmental symptoms questionnaire-III score for AMS of cerebral type (AMS-C score). In both groups, the percentage of time with periodic breathing significantly increased at high altitude and the percentage in controls was significantly higher than in HAPE-S-S on the second night. In four HAPE-S-S, other disordered breathing patterns, termed "irregular breathing," were observed frequently by night at high altitude. Irregular breathing patterns were characterized by irregularly repeated oscillatory or nonoscillatory clusters of breaths with augmented tidal volume, followed by expiratory pause, apnea, or hypoventilation of various durations. All controls did not show significant changes in AMS-C score, but four HAPE-S-S showed the increase in AMS-C score on the next morning after frequent irregular nocturnal breathing. There was significant correlation between the percentage of time with irregular nocturnal breathing and AMS-C score on the next morning. These results suggest that HAPE-S-S are prone to irregular nocturnal breathing patterns at high altitude, which is associated with the development of AMS, but it was not possible to determine whether these abnormal breathing patterns are a cause or an effect of AMS.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Penile and urethral metastases from superficial bladder tumor after TUR: a case report].

A case of metastasis to the penis and the urethra from superficial bladder tumor of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), grade 3 is reported. A 52-year-old male patient was diagnosed to have TCC of the urinary bladder (grade 3, stage pT1a) in May, 1985 and was treated initially with transurethral resection followed by adriamycin (ADR) instillation. In February, 1986, urethroscopy showed a papillary tumor in the cavernosal urethra and a metastatic tumor was noted in the corpus spongiosum penis. Biopsy of urethral tumor revealed TCC, grade 3. Therefore partial urethrectomy with resection of penile tumor was performed. Although the patient underwent combination chemotherapy involving CAP (cisplatin + ADR + cyclophosphamide) and M-VAC (methotrexate + vincristine + ADR + cisplatin) regimens, local lesion and metastatic lesions progressed, and he died in June 1986, 20 days after emasculation. The management of superficial bladder tumor with TCC, grade 3 was reviewed and discussed here.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1989

[A case of polymyositis with repeated dysphagia and muscle weakness associated with peculiar findings of skin].

A case of polymyositis with repeated dysphagia and muscle weakness associated with peculiar findings of skin was reported. The patient was a 67-year-old man. His birth and development was normal. There was no family history of neuromuscular disease. On 26th March 1987 he was admitted to a hospital because of dysarthria and dysphagia after fever and diagnosed as having viral myositis. His conditions improved spontaneously with bed rest and he left hospital on 14th April. On 23rd April he had chill and sore throat with fever. On 27th he was admitted to the same hospital because of dysarthria and muscle weakness of the proximal portion of the upper limbs. These symptoms also improved with bed rest. He had repeated these symptoms several times and then he was admitted to our hospital on 12th June. On examination he showed the skin pigmentation under the right eye and the eruption in the back of hands and the buttocks. Muscle weakness was observed in the proximal portion of the upper limbs and the neck flexor. Laboratory tests in admission were as follows: sGOT 49 mU/ml, sGPT 104 mU/ml, LDH 1064 mU/ml, CPK 565 mM/ml, aldolase 25.2 IU/1/37 degrees C. Electromyography showed the typical myogenic changes and biopsy of left biceps brachii revealed inflammatory cells in the muscle fiber which are specific to polymyositis. Immuno-histochemical study is performed to analyse the subpopulation of mononuclear cells in biopsied muscle and skin. Mononuclear cells infiltrated into perimysium, endomysium and epidermis were positive for T11 and T8, but less positive for T4, B1 and Leu11. On the basis of these findings he was diagnosed as having "polymyositis syndrome".

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Structural characteristics of endogenous sugar acids and relations to feeding modulation.

Structural specificity among short-chain organic acids for effects on feeding behavior, blood glucose and insulin was investigated by infusion of 1 exogenous and 6 endogenous derivatives into the rat third cerebral ventricle. Glyceric acid (GEA) (1.0 mumol), 3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid gamma-lactone (3,4-DB) and 3,4,5-trihydroxypentanoic acid gamma-lactone (3,4,5-TP) (2.50 mumol) decreased food intake for, at most, 24 h. These acids depressed the size of the first meal after infusion, but did not affect latency to the first meal, eating speed, drinking or ambulation. Infusion of 2,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid gamma-lactone (2,4-DB) (1.25 mumol), 2,4,5-trihydroxypentanoic acid gamma-lactone (2,4,5-TP), and an exogenous compound, 2,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanoic acid gamma-lactone (2,4,5,6-TH) (2.50 mumol), induced transient initial feeding which was not necessarily accompanied by periprandial drinking. Ambulation was concomitantly increased. Of these organic acids, 3,4-DB and 2,4,5-TP were most potent in their effects on feeding. Hyperglycemia was induced by 2.50 mumol 3,4-DB leaving insulin unaffected; 2.50 mumol 2,4,5-TP caused hypoglycemia, with a persistent but not significant rise in insulin. The results suggest that slight structural differences of endogenous organic acids, in particular the positions of hydroxyl groups on the lactone ring of 4-butanolide, may be important in feeding modulation by conveying intrinsically reciprocal signals to neurons involved in feeding and satiety.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of fluorescent products from reaction of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides with adenine in the presence of Fe2+ and ascorbic acid.

The structures of fluorescent products formed in the reaction of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides with adenine, FeSO4 and ascorbic acid were investigated to elucidate the mechanism of interaction. The fluorescent products consisted of at least four major components (I-IV), which could be separated by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Both 2-octenal and 2,4-decadienal, degradation products of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides, reacted with adenine to produce a fluorescent product similar to one of the major compounds (II) formed in the reaction of methyl linoleate hydroperoxides. Spectroscopic data suggest that I and III are the same type of compounds, which have closed ring structures with alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl groups between the amino group at the 6-position and the nitrogen at the 1-position of adenine. Component II has a closed ring structure at the same site as I and III, and the presence of an ether linkage was suggested. On the basis of these structures, the involvement of 3-nonenal, methyl 12-oxo-9-dodecenoate and 2-octenal was suggested in the interaction of the methyl linoleate hydroperoxides decomposition products and adenine or DNA in the presence of FeSO4 and ascorbic acid.

Adenine↗
PubMed1988

The effect of dietary lipid hydroperoxide on lymphoid tissues in mice.

Effects of dietary lipid hydroperoxides on lymphoid tissue were studied in mice. When graded amounts (190, 270 and 310 mg) of methyl linoleate hydroperoxide (MLHPO) were orally administered to male C57BL/6 mice (6 weeks old), necrosis was observed in lymphocytes located among the reticular network in the thymus, and thymus weight was significantly decreased 24 h after the treatment. The spleen weight of mice given MLHPO tended to decrease. Spontaneous chemiluminescence of the thymus was remarkably increased after the dose. Thiobarbituric acid reactants in the liver, thymus and blood were also increased after the dose of MLHPO. At intervals of 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after a dose of 14C-labeled MLHPO, 14C was detected in the blood and liver. Fatty infiltration of the liver was found after the treatment with MLHPO. These findings indicate that oral intake of lipid hydroperoxides causes significant damage to lymphoid tissues of mice.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Feeding induced by blockade of histamine H1-receptor in rat brain.

Histamine antagonists were infused into the third ventricle of the cerebrum in rats. All the H1-, but none of the H2-antagonists tested, induced initial feeding during the early portion of the light phase when histamine level was highest. No periprandial drinking was observed. Ambulation increased during feeding. The effect on feeding was attenuated when brain histamine was normally low during the early portion of the dark phase, or was decreased by alpha-fluoromethylhistidine. Hypothalamic neuronal histamine may suppress food intake through H1-receptors, and diurnal fluctuations of food intake may mirror neuronal histamine levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effect of an amino group at carbon 2 of 1-deoxyglucose analogues on anorexia in the rat.

A steric hindering group at carbon 2 of 1-deoxyglucose analogues was introduced by epimerization, deoxidation and substitution of a hydroxyl group with either an acetamido or a fluoro group. Injection of this analogue into the rat third cerebroventricle attenuated the feeding suppression produced by 1-deoxyglucose. In contrast, the replacement of a hydroxyl group at carbon 2 with an amino group produced anorexia of the same magnitude as that produced by 1-deoxyglucose. Amination at carbon 2 was more potent than that at carbon 3, 4 or 6. These results indicate that an amino group at carbon 2 of the glucose molecule is important to reinforce the feeding suppression caused by 1-deoxyglucose analogues.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Blockade of the histamine H1-receptor in the rat ventromedial hypothalamus and feeding elicitation.

All H1-, but no H2-antagonists infused into the rat third cerebroventricle, induced feeding during the early light, but not during the early dark, reflecting a concentration of hypothalamic histamine. Bilateral microinfusion identified the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), but not the lateral hypothalamus or the paraventricular nucleus, as a main locus for the induction of feeding by an H1-antagonist. The effect was completely abolished when brain histamine was decreased by pretreatment with alpha-fluoromethylhistidine. Hypothalamic neuronal histamine suppresses food intake, at least in part, through H1-receptors in the VMH.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Presynaptic M1 muscarinic receptor modulates spontaneous release of acetylcholine from rat basal forebrain slices.

Spontaneous release of acetylcholine (ACh) from rat basal forebrain slices in the presence of cholinesterase inhibitor was directly determined using a specific radioimmunoassay for ACh. The release was calcium dependent. A consistent amount of ACh release was observed throughout the experiment. Atropine (10(-8) to 10(-5) M) and pirenzepine (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) enhanced spontaneous ACh release. These findings indicate the presence of an M1 muscarinic autoreceptor that modulates spontaneous release of ACh in the rat basal forebrain.

Acetylcholine↗