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Biomedical subjects

K Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujii.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[A case of a perforated duodenal ulcer coincident with a gastric carcinoma].

A 44-year-old male patient under treatment for a duodenal ulcer for the past 9 years visited our clinic because of a sudden pain in the epigastric region. He was diagnosed as having a perforated duodenal ulcer, so an emergency laparotomy was performed. In this operation, the coexistence of a gastric carcinoma was clarified, and a subtotal gastrectomy with an R2 dissection was done at the same time. The coexistent gastric carcinoma was localized to a size of 20 x 12 mm within the gastric proper mucosa. The infiltrated range of the cancer was as wide as 120 x 80 mm, extending to the proper tunica muscularis. This case was seen as manifesting a relative early stage of scirrhous carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

Halothane-induced liver injury as a consequence of enhanced microsomal lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs.

We investigated the role of microsomal lipid peroxidation in halothane hepatotoxicity in guinea pigs. Animals were exposed to halothane, isoflurane or enflurane. Enhancement of microsomal lipid peroxidation was specific to halothane. The time-course of lipid peroxidation and hepatic damage following a single exposure to halothane was investigated by measuring the thiobarbituric acid (TBA)reactive products, serum transaminase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and histopathological examination. Microsomal lipid peroxidation was enhanced most rapidly and preceded GSH depletion and hepatic injury. Metyrapone, an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450, and N-tert-butyl-alpha-phenylnitrone (BPN), a radical trapping agent, inhibited halothane-induced lipid peroxidation and the incidence and severity of liver injury. The metabolism of halothane was considered to be inhibited by metyrapone and the reactivity of radical intermediates was considered to be decreased by BPN. Microsomal lipid peroxidation was initiated by radical metabolites of halothane but did not result from GSH depletion. Inhibition of microsomal lipid peroxidation reduced the halothane hepatotoxicity. These results demonstrated that the halothane-induced liver injury was caused by microsomal lipid peroxidation in guinea pigs.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1988

Halothane-induced changes in contractions of mesenteric lymphatics of the rat.

The effects of halothane on the contraction of mesenteric lymphatics was examined in rats. Following administration of 0.75% or 1.5% halothane, the contraction rate decreased from 10.6 +/- 3.1 to 7.4 +/- 2.5 times/minute and from 13.8 +/- 3.9 to 4.1 +/- 3.5 times/minute, respectively. Halothane caused a dose-dependent suppression of contractile movements of the mesenteric lymphatics.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Mitral valve prolapse: two-dimensional echocardiographic screening in apparently healthy students].

To elucidate the clinical features of mitral valve prolapse in apparently healthy young population, two-dimensional echocardiography was performed in the students (18-22 years) without documented organic heart diseases. Focusing on the systolic dislocation and configuration of the anterior mitral leaflet, a following two-dimensional echocardiographic criterion for grading prolapse was used: Grade I: subjects only with slight slip of the tip of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) toward the left atrium, Grade II: those with considerable slip of the AML but keeping a normal convex shape in the leaflet body toward the left atrium, and Grade III: those with severe slip of the AML with its ballooning toward the left atrium. Among 2016 students examined, 1507 subjects (74.8%) were judged to be normal, 343 (17.0%) to be Grade I, 141 (7.0%) to be Grade II, and 25 (1.2%) to be Grade III. Of the 25 subjects in Grade III, 20 subjects underwent further examination including a questionnaire about the subjective complaints, physical examination, electrocardiograms at rest and during exercise, Doppler echocardiography and postural tests. Concerning the subjective symptoms, eight subjects had some complaints including chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, palpitation, fatigability and synocope, and four of the eight had more than three complaints. Mid-systolic click and a late systolic murmur were audible in four and funnel chest was observed in one. No specific findings were found by electrocardiograms. Mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitations were observed by Doppler echocardiography in four and nine subjects, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[An autopsy case of esophageal cancer with brain metastasis].

A rare case of esophageal cancer with brain metastasis is reported. A 54-year-old man complaining of dysphagia was admitted to our hospital. Endoscopic and radiographic examinations revealed an advanced esophageal cancer with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis. Five months later, muscle weakness of right upper extremities developed. A brain CT scan revealed a low density area with a ring enhancement in the left front parietal region. The patient developed right hemiplegia and delirium, and died seven months later. Autopsy findings showed a hematogenous metastasis of the left precentral gyrus, measuring 3.0 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Biotransformation of isoflurane: urinary and serum fluoride ion and organic fluorine.

The serum and urinary concentrations of fluorinated metabolites of isoflurane after inhalation of three different concentrations of isoflurane were studied in 18 ASA physical status 1 or 2 patients, scheduled for orthopedic or otolaryngeal surgery. Isoflurane was administered for 60 min during fentanyl-nitrous oxide-oxygen, and its end-tidal concentration was maintained at 0.3, 0.6, or 1.15% (groups I, II, and III). The organic fluorine was determined by combustion and fluoride ions were analyzed by ion chromatography. The amounts were expressed in terms of fluoride ion. The concentrations of serum fluoride ion and organic fluorine increased significantly 15 min after the onset of inhalation of isoflurane. The mean peak values of fluoride ions were 3.8 +/- 1.1, 3.9 +/- 1.4, and 4.2 +/- 0.9 mumole/1 (M +/- SD) in patients in groups I, II, and III, respectively. The half-lives of fluoride ion and of organic fluorine as metabolites of isoflurane, calculated from the amounts excreted in urine, were 36 h and 41 h, respectively. The cumulative amounts of fluoride ion and organic fluorine excreted up to the 6th postoperative day were 548 +/- 230 and 785 +/- 452 mumoles in group I, 594 +/- 138 and 1,378 +/- 807 mumoles in group II, and 1,032 +/- 496 and 728 +/- 265 mumoles (M +/- SD) in group III, respectively. The urinary excreted fluoride ion increased in proportion to the dose of isoflurane and approximately 1.3 mmol was excreted per 1 MAC X hour inhalation of isoflurane. The authors concluded that isoflurane might be biotransformed to a greater extent than reported previously, although the serum fluoride ion level was found to be low.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Importance of bilateral sympathetic innervation on cerebral blood flow autoregulation in the thalamus.

Effects of bilateral sympathetic innervation on the regulation of cerebral blood flow to the thalamus were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The superior cervical ganglion was removed on one side or bilaterally, and blood flow in the thalamus was repeatedly measured with a hydrogen clearance technique during a stepwise increase in arterial pressure. Regional blood flow in the thalamus was unchanged following acute ganglionectomy: 55 +/- 6 ml/100 g/min in the intact rats and 56 +/- 4 in the denervated rats. Sympathectomy on one side neither had effects on the pressure-flow relationship nor on the blood pressure levels of upper limits of autoregulation in the ipsilateral thalamus. In contrast, bilateral sympathetic denervation impaired the autoregulatory function in the thalamus and the upper limits were significantly lower than those in intact rats: 206 +/- 8 vs 226 +/- 10 mm Hg, respectively (P less than 0.02). It is concluded that overlapping innervation of sympathetic nerves has an important role in regulation of blood flow to the thalamus during an acute rise in arterial pressure in SHR.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1987

Increased membrane fluidity of erythrocytes in a case with malignant hyperthermia.

In a case with malignant hyperthermia (MH), membrane fluidity of erythrocytes was studied by electron spin resonance (ESR)-spin labeling technique. The measurement was made with samples obtained during and after pyrexic crisis until full recovery. The results indicated that membrane fluidity increased during pyrexic crisis and that these changes were serially restored. As the physicochemical characteristics of the erythrocyte membrane resemble those of cellular and cell organella membrane, it was concluded that membrane composition and configuration might have been altered pathophysiologically during the crisis of MH in our case.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Preferential synthesis of diacyl and alkenylacyl ethanolamine and choline glycerophospholipids in rabbit platelet membranes.

In rabbit platelet membranes, the contents of alkenylacyl phospholipids (plasmalogen) were 56% of phosphatidylethanolamine and 3% of phosphatidylcholine. This uneven distribution of plasmalogens in each phospholipid class could be attributed to the different substrate specificity of ethanolaminephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.1) and cholinephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.2). The properties of the enzymes were studied, using endogenous diglycerides and CDP-[3H]ethanolamine or CDP-[14C]choline as substrates. The newly formed phospholipids were mainly diacyl and alkenylacyl and only rarely alkylacyl type. The ratios of the labeled alkenylacyl to diacyl type of phospholipids clearly varied with the concentrations of CDP-ethanolamine or CDP-choline. When 1, 10, and 30 microM CDP-[3H]ethanolamine were used, the labeled phospholipids contained 53, 37, and 27% of the alkenylacyl type, respectively. The apparent Km for CDP-ethanolamine to synthesize alkenylacyl and diacyl types were 2.2 and 8.1 microM. On the other hand, when 1, 10, and 30 microM CDP-[14C]choline were used, the labeled lipids contained 10, 17, and 24% alkenylacyl type, respectively. The apparent Km for CDP-choline to synthesize alkenylacyl and diacyl types were 24 and 4.3 microM. Further, the syntheses of diacyl type of phosphatidylethanolamine and the alkenylacyl type of phosphatidylcholine were markedly inhibited by unlabeled CDP-choline and CDP-ethanolamine, respectively. The two enzymes had opposite substrate specificities, and ethanolaminephosphotransferase showed a high preference to plasmalogen synthesis, especially in the presence of CDP-choline.

Animals↗