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Biomedical subjects

K Fiedler

Publications and source records attributed to K Fiedler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Surgical pelviscopy in treatment of extrauterine pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and spontaneous conception].

We report on our experience with surgical pelviscopy in the treatment of ectopic pregnancies after in-vitro fertilisation and, in comparison, during spontaneous cycles and during cycles with ovarian hyperstimulations and IUI. From 1.1. 1988 to 31.12.1990, 54 patients underwent this operation, 25 of these having undergone the IVF programme. All IVF patients had an extensive history of tubal sterility. Therefore, we found difficult anatomic conditions during the operation in most cases. Furthermore, the special conditions of the IVF treatment itself (e.g., multiple transfer of embryos into the uterus) caused a higher incidence of complicated situations (one triple ectopic, three ovarian ectopic pregnancies and one simultaneous pregnancy). Firstly, our experience leads to the conclusion, that surgical pelviscopy can be used for management of more complicate problems and can be regarded, so far, as an alternative to laparotomy. Secondly, laparotomy should not be replaced by pelviscopy in difficult situations (e.g., ovarian ectopics pregnancies). Surgical pelviscopy reduces the trauma of treatment, a consideration, which is very important especially for IVF patients. Because of the extraordinary problems related to ectopic pregnancies after IVF, we are at present sceptical about the use of other methods (e.g., instillation of prostaglandins or methotrexate) for these patients. Subsequently, 19 patients in the IVF group conceived with an intrauterine pregnancy after repeated IVF treatment. In the second group, 8 spontaneous intrauterine conceptions have occurred since.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1991

[Public health in child day care centers and kindergarten in former East Germany].

In the GDR there existed a dense net of créches (children from birth to three years) and day nurseries (children from 3 to 6 years). Building and equipment of these institutions was determined by central regulations. For example a net area of 2.5 m2 was provided for each child in a day nursery and 5 m2 for a child in a créche. Furthermore, there are well established regulations for the control of health of the children, times for sleep, measures in case of infectious diseases and for cleaning and disinfection.

Child↗
PubMed1991

[Public health aspects of construction and housing in former East Germany].

In the former GDR, a series of central regulations governed the sanitary and hygienic aspects of town planning and building construction. Special analysis of the hygienic aspects of town planning was of particular importance and was performed by a standardised method by the planning authorities. In such an analysis both the existing hygienic conditions in an area to be built up or reconstructed had be included, as well as the planned hygienic conditions after putting the building measures into practice. The complicated way of planning and the possibility of rejecting hygienic considerations in favour of political decisions proved to be an obstacle to quick and hygienically satisfactory realisation of planned investments.

City Planning↗
PubMed1990

[Quantitative cytoarchitecture point differences in experimental cortical hemiatrophy found by automatic image analysis].

For more than ten years automatic analysis procedures have been applied to explore cortical cytoarchitectonics of the brain. The investigations presented were carried out by a method described as "automatic morphocorticography". Attempts to find out quantitative criteria for early unilateral cortical alterations were carried out on a pig's brain with experimental cortical hemiatrophy caused artificially by wide spread meningeal fibrosis. Lateral differences of the relative volume density (V alpha) of all cells could be analysed for each cortical layer in detail by the automatically plotted morphocorticographs (MCG) of selected cortical parts from both hemispheres. Partial increases in the V alpha-values could be found in the whole cross-section of the cerebral cortex from the experimentally damaged hemisphere and the same value increases of between 10 and 15% were found in the 3rd an 5th cortical layer in particular. In contrast the mean values of the relative numerical cellular density in the whole cortical cross-section remained without significant changes. It can be concluded that the early alterations caused by this type of damage are predominantly due to changes in the neuropil structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Structural changes in the peripheral nerves over a lifetime. Morphometric studies of the sciatic and sural nerves].

Investigations were conducted on topographically identical tissue samples from the sciatic and sural nerves. 22 autopsies on individuals free of any severe disorder provided the material for this study (stillborn babies and deaths of unnatural causes). The material was selected with the view to having all age groups of human life represented. preferably two or more subjects of each decade. The overall cross-section and the cross-section of each bundle were planimetrically measured, using magnified photographs of celloidin sections, 30 micron in thickness. Depending on age, the sum of the cross-sections of all bundles was found to percentually decrease by about one fifth in all nerves relative to the overall cross-section. Alterations in the sural nerve and in the smaller portion of the sciatic nerve (N. peronaeus communis) were characterised by linear regression of measurements with a negative correlation, but non-linear regression could be estimated for the larger portion (N. tibialis). Semi-thin sections of methacrylate-embedded material were used to ascertain the numerical density of Schwann cell nuclei on all cases and to study fibre calibre distribution on three selected subjects. The averaged numerical density of Schwann cell nuclei decreased by about 80% from birth to the age of five years and varied between the second and fifth decades within a relatively small range described by a hyperbolic regression. No unambiguous correlation was found to exist beyond the fifth decade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of large-faced cerebral meningeal fibroses on the development of hemispheric volume. Experimental and morphometric studies of swine brains].

Alterations that occurred to the hemispheric structure as a result of experimentally induced meningeal fibrosis are reported in this paper. The rinsing function of cerebrospinal fluid was unilaterally stopped in the subarachnoidal space of domestic pigs by means of a viscous medium which contained soluble fatty acid salts. The animals were sacrificed 35 or 95 d after the experiments. Series of frontal sections of both cerebral hemispheres were planimetrically measured to establish differences between hemispheric cross-sections. Left-side deficits between 6 and 29% were recordable from all cases. Microscopic findings included large meningeal fibroses without visible changes to the cortex and others with destruction of cortical regions. Early alterations to cortical cytoarchitecture were investigated by means of automatic image analysis. Increased cell volume densities were recorded from the third and fifth cortical layers in cortex parts with no grossly visible alterations. The authors feel that the above alterations were primarily attributable to gradual occlusion of the lesser meningeal and cortical veins.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Initial experiences with amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis in pregnancy following in-vitro fertilization].

We report on first experiences with amniocentesis in 63 pregnancies after IVF treatment over a period of 3 years. It is shown, that there is no increased risk through amniocentesis; it does not require special precautions. Above average number of aberrations could be found in amniotic cultures in cases where it could be identified additionally in one parent. It remains to be seen, whether the small number and sterility causes were coincidental or manifest themselves in future, especially, if the sterility concerned can be classified as idiopathic. The occurrence of trisomy 21 in accordance with the frequency is to be expected in the group of persons over 35 years of age and no increased risk through IVF treatment can be found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Social public health requirements--motives for collective and individual action?].

The knowledge and the abilities acquired as well as the experience of individuals in the field of hygiene alone are not sufficient for consequent action in accordance with the demands of hygiene. Individual possibilities for human behaviour can only be realized under certain social conditions. Concrete elements of socialist social relations, which can effect action according to the demands of hygiene, are pointed out. A series of hypothetic statements can serve as approach of thought and action, especially for state managers of enterprises and institutions as well as for workers of state hygiene institutiones.

Germany, East↗