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Biomedical subjects

K Ezawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Ezawa.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[A case of spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma (WHO) of the lung].

A 76-year-old man with spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma of the lung developed fatal respiratory failure after limited thoracic irradiation at a total dose of 18 Gy. He developed severe pulmonary toxicity, which presented as dry cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrates extending beyond the radiation field. Microscopically, a transitional form of squamous to spindle-shaped cells was observed in the primary tumor, located at right S8. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining of spindle cells for keratin, vimentin, and EMA, but not for desmin. These results indicate that the spindle cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells, and differed from carcinosarcoma. Distant metastatic lesions were composed of only the spindle cell component.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Clinical effects of cepharanthin (Ceph.) on leukopenia by chemotherapy in lung cancer patients.

In order to examine the clinical efficacy of cepharanthin (Ceph.) for preventing leukopenia caused by chemotherapy in lung cancer patients, a randomized trial was carried out. Subjects were 45 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving initial treatment with cisplatin (CDDP) +adriamycin (ADM) +mitomycin C (MMC). Ceph. was given at a dose of 1 mg/kg to the administration group (Ceph. group) and changes in the peripheral leukocyte count were examined in both the Ceph. and non-Ceph. groups. The Ceph. group showed a reduction in the number of cases with a count nadir less than 3,000/microliters (p less than 0.05), a shortening of the time that leukocyte counts stayed under 2,000/microliters, corresponding to the time in which granulocyte counts were less than 500/microliters (p less than 0.05), and also a reduction of the time for leukocyte counts to recover from nadir to 2,000 or 3,000/microliters (p less than 0.05) measured from the commencement of chemotherapy. These results suggest that administration of Ceph. has an antileukopenic effect in anticancer treatment, and makes it possible to reduce the period of risk for infection, allowing effective regimens to be administered repeatedly in shorter intervals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of HIV-1 replication and syncytium formation by synthetic CD4 peptides.

Only one peptide of CD4 (amino acid residues 70-132) among 16 synthetic peptide fragments selectively inhibited HIV-1 replication and HIV-1-induced syncytium formation. Several smaller peptides within this region did not show any activity, except for the peptide (86-132) which showed somewhat lower activity.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1986

Enrichment of antitumor effector cells that are effective in vivo from spleen cells of tumor-bearing mice through the use of Dolichos biflorus lectin.

Spleen cells of X5563 tumor-bearing mice were fractionated with Dolichos biflorus lectin (DBA) into DBA+ (agglutinable with DBA) and DBA- (nonagglutinable with DBA) fractions. The DBA- cells showed antitumor activity specific for X5563 cells in vivo when injected into mice together with X5563 cells (Winn assay) or injected i.p. into mice previously inoculated s.c. with X5563 cells (adoptive transfer) with simultaneous administration of interleukin-2. Both DBA+ and DBA- cells have the cell surface phenotype of Lyt-1-2+, but only DBA- cells exhibit antitumor activity in vivo, while DBA+ cells have stronger cytolytic activity against X5563 cells in vitro than DBA- cells. This cell separation method involving the use of DBA is simple and gives reproducible results and high yields of viable cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Establishment and characterization of continuous murine non-specific suppressor T cell lines.

Normal mouse spleen cells were activated by Con A and suppressor T cells were enriched by the use of peanut agglutinin (PNA). Cells of the enriched suppressor T cell fraction were further cultured in a medium containing T cell growth factor (TCGF) and the suppressor T cell lines were established. These cell lines have been growing in culture for more than one year and retained surface characteristics of Thy-1+, Lyt-1-, 2- and bear receptor sites for PNA. The suppressor clones exerted an inhibitory effect on in vitro antigen specific and antigen nonspecific PFC responses. The culture supernatant of these clones had a suppressive effect on the in vitro humoral responses, indicating that a soluble factor mediates at least partly the suppressive activity of the antigen nonspecific suppressor T cells. Moreover, it was revealed that the suppressor cells must exist at an early stage of PFC culture to exert their activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Differential effects of chlordiazepoxide on simultaneous and successive brightness discrimination learning in rats.

Chlordiazepoxide (CDP) at a dose of 20 mg/kg, i.p. was found to exert a marked disruptive effect on black-white successive discrimination learning in rats, while this effect failed to be obtained on black-gray simultaneous discrimination. Since trials to the learning criterion were found almost equal for saline rats on both successive and simultaneous discrimination tasks, the differential inhibitory effects of CDP could not be accounted for in terms of differences in difficulties of the two tasks. It is suggested that present results might be interpreted in terms of the hypotheses (a) that CDP produces a deficit in the integration of relevant stimulus cues when they were presented across trials or (b) that CDP has a disinhibitory effect in that inhibition of dominant response (positional preference) patterns is weakened by the drug, in a manner similar to effects observed in hippocampectomized animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A phase II study of 72-hour continuous infusion consisting of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

A combination chemotherapy consisting of a 72-hour continuous infusion of cisplatin (CDDP; 100 mg/m2/72 h) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 3 g/m2/72 h) was conducted for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty patients were accepted for this study between June 1988 and December 1990. Forty-seven patients were male (median age 68). Thirty-four patients had stage III and 26 had stage IV disease. The response rate was 25.0% (95% confidence interval, CI, 14.0-36.0%), median survival was 15.7 months. In squamous cell carcinoma, the response rate was 35.5% (95% CI, 18.7-52.3%) and median survival was 15.1 months. In non-squamous cell carcinoma, the response rate was 13.8% (95% CI, 1.2-26.4%) and median survival was 17.7 months. There was a significant difference in response rate (p < 0.01), but no significant difference in survival (p = 0.36). Grade 3 leukopenia was 11.7%, grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia was 13.3%. Grade 3 nausea and vomiting were 8.3%. One patient had grade 4 renal toxicity. However, there was no treatment-related death. This regimen was well tolerated. In multivariate analysis, the significant parameters were CEA, performance status and response. In conclusion, 72-hour continuous infusion of CDDP and 5-FU for treatment of NSCLC provides similar response and toxicity as previously reported regimens using CDDP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CYFRA 21-1: an indicator of survival and therapeutic effect in lung cancer.

CYFRA 21-1 is a new tumor marker using two different monoclonal antibodies which recognize the divergent epitope on the N- or C-terminal region of domain 2 of cytokeratin 19 fragment, respectively. In this study, we investigated the relationship between levels of CYFRA 21-1 and survival duration, as well as the efficacy of chemotherapy associated with changes in CYFRA 21-1. Serum samples were obtained from 87 patients with nonoperable lung cancer (35 cases with squamous-cell carcinoma, 33 with adenocarcinoma, 3 with large-cell carcinoma, and 16 with small-cell carcinoma). The cutoff point was set at 3.5 ng/ml. In a CYFRA 21-1 assay, significantly more patients with squamous-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were positive compared to patients with small-cell and large-cell carcinomas (p = 0.0017). Following chemotherapy, blood levels of CYFRA 21-1 decreased significantly in responders versus nonresponders (p = 0.0246). A significant correlation was noted between survival periods and pretreatment levels of CYFRA 21-1 (p = 0.0036). The present study suggests that CYFRA 21-1 might be useful as a possible indicator of survival and therapeutic effect for lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the thyroid: report of a case.

The patient was 59-year-old Japanese woman who presented with a neck swelling. Ultrasonography and computed tomography demonstrated a round tumor in the thyroid right lobe measuring 2.5 x 1.5 cm in size. A right hemithyroidectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. Histopathological findings demonstrated low-grade B cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) associated papillary microcarcinoma. A previous report showed an excellent prognosis of MALT lymphoma of the thyroid without capsular invasion or lymph node involvement. We also describe the concept of MALT lymphoma as a primary lesion in which lymphoid tissue is not present in the normal state.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗